?-caryophyllene was one of the effective antiasthmatic principles of essential oil of Artemisia argyi, by way of structural modification to form ?-caryophyllene alcohol. P-caryophyllene alcohol could protect acetylcholine and histamine-induced asthma in guinea pig, and the effect was longer than 4h. It had relaxant effect on isolated guinea pig tra.cheal smooth muscle prepareations, and the pD2 values was 4.36 + 0.37. The drug not only significantly inhibited antigen induced release of SRS-A in the lung fragments of sensitized guinea pig( ID50 23mg/L ), but also inhibited SRS-A induced contraction of the guinea pig ileum(ID50 18mg/L). In addition, P-caryophyllene alcohol had antitussive and expectora'at actions. These results show that p-caryophyllene alcohol is a new antiathmatic drug.