AlM:To compare the results of lOL Master, contact and immersion A-scan ultrasound measurements for anterior chamber depth ( ACD ) , and evaluate the difference and consistency.METHODS:Fifty-eight cases (98 eyes) with age-related cataract during July to October in 2013 did the A-scan ultrasound with contact and immersion measurements and lOL Master to get the results of ACD. Difference in measurements between methods was assessed using the variance analysisi. Consistency was assessed using Bland-Altman.RESULTS:The ACD measured by lOL Master was 2. 31~3. 90mm, the mean was 3. 03 ± 0. 38mm. The ACD measured by contact A- scan ultrasound was 1. 51 ~4. 06mm, the mean was 2. 88 ± 0. 56mm. The ACD measured by immersion A-scan ultrasound was 1. 99 ~4. 17mm, the mean was 3. 17±0. 38mm. The results of lOL Master and contact A - scan ultrasound had statistical differences (P=0. 022<0. 05). The results of lOL Master and immersion A - scan ultrasound had statistical differences (P=0. 031<0. 05). The results of contact A-scan ultrasound and immersion A-scan ultrasound had statistical differences (P=0. 000<0. 05). The consistency between three methods was poor. CONCLUSlON: The rank of ACD of patients with cataract is immersion A-scan ultrasound, lOL Master and contact A-scan ultrasound. The consistency is poor, and the three methods can’t be interchanged clinically.

Objective:To observe therapeutic effect of captopril treatment on aged patients with essential hyperten‐sion (EH) and complications and evaluate its safety .Methods :A total of 116 aged EH patients ,who were compli‐cated with dyslipidemia ,diabetes mellitus etc . were selected from our hospital .According to random number table , they were randomly and equally divided into atenolol control group and captopril group (received captopril based on treatment of atenolol control group) .Blood pressure ,heart rate ,fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and blood lipids were observed and compared between two groups ,the therapeutic effect and adverse reactions were assessed .Re‐sults:After treatment ,total effective rate of captopril group was significantly higher than that of atenolol control group (98.28% vs .87.93% ,P<0.05);compared with atenolol control group ,there were significant reductions in levels of blood pressure [ (131.20 ± 11.02/82.01 ± 6.75) mmHg vs .(115.62 ± 10.27/75.68 ± 5.21) mmHg] ,heart rate [ (65.14 ± 6.32) beats/min vs .(57.21 ± 4.02) beats/min] ,FPG [ (4.75 ± 1.36) mmol vs .(3.65 ± 1.24) mmol] ,total cholesterol [ (2.69 ± 0.58) mmol/L vs .(2.10 ± 0.41) mmol/L] ,triglyceride [ (0.96 ± 0.41) mmol/L vs .(0.72 ± 0.35) mmol/L] and low density lipoprotein cholesterol [ (1.95 ± 0.57) mmol/L vs .(1.71 ± 0.40) mmol/L] in captopril group ,P<0.05 or <0.01 .There were no obvious adverse reactions occurred in both groups . Conclusion:Compared with atenolol ,captopril treatment possesses better therapeutic effect without adverse reac‐tions in aged patients with essential hypertension and complications ,which is worth extending .

AlM:To evaluate the value of color Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of traumatic retinal detachment.
METHODS: All 50 cases ( 56 eyes ) of suspicious traumatic retinal detachment from January to June in 2013 were enrolled in this study. All first received the two-dimensional ultrasound, then the color Doppler ultrasound, finally, these results were compared with the results of surgery.
RESULTS: All 56 eyes were observed intravitreal abnormal spots by the two-dimensional ultrasound, and 39 eyes were observed color blood signal by the color Doppler ultrasound. Forty eyes were approved retinal detachment by surgery.
CONCLUSlON: lt is better to display the intravitreal abnormal spots and color blood signal by the color Doppler ultrasound than by the two - dimensional ultrasound, so there is important clinical significance of the color Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of traumatic retinal detachment.

AIM:To discuss the related factors that affected the stability of posterior corneal surface after laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASIK) .
METHODS:About 64 patients (64 eyes) were enrolled. The correlation among the changes in posterior corneal surface 6 month after LASIK, surgery method, corneal flap thickness ( FT ) , ablation thickness ( AT ) , postoperative residual corneal stroma thickness ( RCST ) , preoperative thinnest corneal thickness ( CT ) , flap thickness/preoperative thinnest corneal thickness ( FT/CT ) , ablation thickness/preoperative thinnest corneal thickness ( AT/CT) , postoperative residual corneal stroma thickness/preoperative thinnest corneal thickness ( RCST/CT) , anterior and posterior preoperative corneal height, the difference of the forward shift in posterior corneal surface ( diff value ) of preoperative and preoperative intraocular pressure were analyzed.
RESULTS: The changes of diff value between preoperative and postoperative were related with diopter (r=0.419, P=0.014), AT (r=0.394, P=0.023), AT/CT (r=0.501, P=0.004), Diff value of preoperative (r=0.501, P=0. 004), RCST (r=-0. 385, P=0. 033) and RCST/CT (r=-0. 401, P=0. 025). The changes of height value from posterior corneal surface between preoperative and postoperative were related with diopter (r=0. 520, P=0. 002), AT (r=0.504, P=0. 003), AT/CT (r=0. 442, P=0. 013), Diff value of preoperative (r=0. 624, P=0. 000) and RCST/CT (r=-0. 394, P=0. 028).
CONCLUSION: AT, RCST, AT/CT, RCST/CT and diff value of preoperative should be the key index that predicted the stability of posterior corneal surface after LASIK,the further research will give the range of safety value.

Objective To investigate the effect of rehabilitation professional training. Methods Based on the 10 tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou, Guangdong, the professionals from communitiy hospitals were trained. The scores of knowledge and practice tests were analyzed in 2 terms of training. Results The students performed better in the practice test (82.01±8.91) than knowledge (71.08±10.05) (P<0.01). The score of knowledge tests was better in the second term than the first (P<0.05), no difference between them in the score of practice test. Conclusion Rehabilitation professional training in Guangzhou can improve the ability of service of medical rehabilitation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; methods ; Radius Fractures ; therapy ; Ulna Fractures ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether the fetal immune tolerance induction could replace the HLA typing for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

METHODSImmune tolerance of SD rats was induced by injecting host Wistar rats peripheral blood mononuclear cells into yolk sac of the embryo, afterward the mature male offsprings were used as donor. The host female recipients received lethal dose irradiation and bone marrow transplantation(BMT). The Wistar rats transplanted with bone marrow from donor and unrelated SD rats as well as the rats which received radiation alone were used as control. The survival, histopathologically GVHD, the mental status, food and water intake, coat characteristics, activities were observed. Forty days after BMT, autologous and allogenous skin transplantation between donor and recipient rats was performed to observe the engraftment of solid organ.

RESULTSThe survival of the rats received bone marrow grafts from the immune tolerant donor was significantly longer than that of control groups (30 day survival rates were 86.7%, 6.7%, 0%, and 0% respectively), and there was no histopathologically GVHD observed, while in the sham group, the manifestations of GVHD was clearly visible. The skin engraftment rate between the host and the immune tolerant donor was significantly higher than that among non-related rats (84.6% and 0% respectively).

CONCLUSIONThe induction of immune tolerance in embryo can overcome the HLA barrier and provide a good donor for hematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplantation.

Animals ; Embryo, Mammalian ; immunology ; Female ; Graft vs Host Disease ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Immunosuppression ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats, Wistar ; Transplantation Chimera

BACKGROUNDThe blood supply to the eye comes from the retinal central vascular system of the ophthalmic artery and the ciliary vascular system. The ophthalmic artery stems from the ipsilateral internal carotid artery. If occlusion or stenosis occurs in the carotid artery, the blood perfusion to the ophthalmic artery becomes insufficient, leading to signs and symptoms of anterior and posterior ocular ischemia. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of ocular ischemic diseases caused by carotid artery stenosis.

METHODSThis study was a retrospective review of 145 patients with carotid artery stenosis. Fifty-eight patients who had symptoms of ocular ischemic disease caused by carotid artery stenosis formed group A and the other 87 patients who only had carotid artery stenosis formed group B. We analyzed the causes and course of disease, and relative risk factors, by comparing the two groups.

RESULTSThe degree of carotid artery stenosis in group A was higher than that in group B. And group A had a greater decrease of ophthalmic artery flow. Male, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and smoking were significantly related to carotid artery stenosis. Amaurosis fugax was the most common ocular symptom in group A. The ocular ischemic diseases mainly included ischemic optic neuropathy, central/branch retinal artery occlusion, ophthalmoplegia externa, and ocular ischemic syndrome.

CONCLUSIONSCarotid artery stenosis correlates with ocular ischemic diseases. Ophthalmologists must observe for ocular symptoms, which were the onset symptoms in some patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carotid Stenosis ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Eye Diseases ; etiology ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; physiopathology ; Hypertension ; physiopathology ; Ischemia ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo determine whether the skilled reaching test is an objective method for evaluating long-term neurological deficits after focal cerebral ischemia in mice.

METHODSIn a reaching box, mice were trained to reach food pellets with their left forelimb through a 0.5 cm slit for 3 weeks. Then focal cerebral ischemia was induced by occluding the right middle cerebral artery, and the percentage of success in obtaining food was observed for 4 weeks. In comparison, the neurological deficit score, the holding angle in an inclined board test, and right turns in a corner test were simultaneously performed. At the end of the experiments, brain infarcts and neuron densities were determined.

RESULTAfter focal cerebral ischemia, the percentage of success in the reaching test was reduced, the right turns in the corner test were increased, the neurological deficit score was increased, and the holding angle in the inclined board test was reduced as well. The holding angle recovered 5 d after ischemia, whereas other 3 indicators remained abnormal until 4 weeks. At the end of the experiments, the brain infarct volumes were increased, and the neuron densities in the cortex, hippocampal CA1 region and striatum were reduced in ischemic mice.

CONCLUSIONThe skill reaching test is an objective and stable method for evaluating long-term neurological deficits after focal cerebral ischemia in mice.

Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; physiology ; Brain ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Brain Ischemia ; complications ; physiopathology ; Cell Count ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Movement Disorders ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Neurologic Examination ; methods ; Neurons ; pathology ; Psychomotor Performance ; physiology

AIM:To understand the clinic effect of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) drugs injection in the treatment of fundus disease in the real-world study (RWS).METHODS:The clinical cases treated with anti-VEGF drugs in our department from September 2012 to June 2015 were enrolled in this study.Retrospective investigation was reviewed to the kinds of diseases, frequency, usage, efficacy, adverse reaction, and the effects on visual acuity, fundus and macular thickness which were treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs injection.RESULTS:In 305 patients (340 eyes) treated with anti-VEGF drugs, 53 patients (60 eyes, 17.6%) were wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) 16 cases (18 eyes, 5.3%), diabetic macular edema (DME) 120 cases (134 eyes, 39.4%), branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) secondary macular edema 61 cases (68 eyes, 20.0%), central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) secondary macular edema 29 cases (32 eyes, 9.4%), idiopathic choroidal neovascularization (ICNV) 16 cases (18 eyes, 5.3%), high myopia with choroid neovascularization 4 cases (4 eyes, 1.2%), neovascular glaucoma 4 cases (4 eyes, 1.2%), retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) 1 cases (1 eyes, 0.2%) and optic papillary neovascularization 1 cases (1 eyes, 0.2%).The minimum age was 16 years old, and the maximum age 90 years old.There were 247 cases (275 eyes, 80.9%) were treated with intravitreal ranibizumab injection, 58 cases (65 eyes, 19.1%) intravitreal conbercept injection.The time number of all patients accepted anti-VEGF drugs treatment was 465, with an average of 1.7 times per eye.Which, the 3 + PRN treatment method in 98 patients (109 eyes, 32.1%), 1 + PRN treatment in 207 patients (231 eyes, 67.9%).69 cases (77 eyes, 22.6%) were used alone to receive anti-VEGF drugs therapy, 10 cases (11 eyes, 3.2%) combined with intravitreal triamcinolone injection(TA), 35 cases (39 eyes, 11.5%) combined with vitrectomy, 26 cases (29 eyes, 8.5%) combined with photodynamic treatment (PDT), 165 cases (184 eyes, 54.1%) combined with simple laser treatment.After anti-VEGF drug treatment, majority of patients' the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus and central macular thickness(CMT) were significantly improved, compared with the pre-treatment, the difference is significant (P<0.05).So that anti-VEGF drugs can effectively improve visual function and ocular fundus for fundus diseses.There were no serious adverse reactions except 3 patients appearling skin redness, itching, rash, 1 patient low low-grade fever and 1 patient acute cerebral infarction during the treatment.CONCLUSION:Intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs injection can significantly improve the visual function and ocular fundus for patients with fundus diseases, but there are still some adverse events, which should be attached great importance to medical workers.