Objective To study the relationship between E2F2 and the pathological features of RA and the mechanism of E2F2 expression.Methods The interference efficiency was detected by RT-PCR after RA FLs transfected with E2F2 siRNA.The cell proliferation was analyzed by MTS and the expression of numerous genes was tested by ELISA.To analyze the influence of E2F2 in the immune response by RT-PCR,RA FLs were separately treated with TNF-t and PDTC.The way of regulating E2F2 experssion was tested by Chip.Results Compared with negative control groups,the level of E2F2 mRNA were decreased in the cells transfected with E2F2 siRNA (P ＜ 0.01).Silencing E2F2 suppresses the proliferation of RA FLs (P ＜ 0.05).TNF-α regulates the expression of E2F2 in RA FLs via the NF-κB pathway.Conclusion Up-regulation of E2F2 is associated with the process of RA and TNF-α regulates the expression of E2F2 in RA FLs via the NF-κB pathway.Thus E2F2 might be a potential target for use in the development of new therapeutic approches of RA.

Objective To determine the effect of age,body figure and risk framing in making treatment decision for female patients with breast cancer.Methods Two groups of healthy female:one group of 60 female ages 18-24 from undergraduate student and the other group of 60 female ages 35-60 from the university community.Healthy women imagined that they had been diagnosed with breast cancer and received information regarding lumpectomy versus mastectomy and recurrence rates.Participants indicated whether they would choose lumpectomy or mastectomy and reasons.Results The different concern levels of body appearance between younger and older women influences treatment selection of lumpectomy versus mastectomy.Facing the risk information,older women were unlikely to select the breast conserving operation.Conclusions The factors of age and the attention to body figure would effect the choice of breast conserving operation or mastectomy.Risk information on the selection of treatment would not affected directly,but the effects of risk information on younger and older female is different.Nurses should provide the age-appropriate information who recently have been diagnosed with breast cancer regarding treatment alternatives to ensure their active participation in the decision-making process,female who have different levels of investment in body figure also may have different concerns about treatment,and should be alert on empathetic of such concerns.

Aged ; Atropine ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Rate ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Muscarinic Antagonists ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Preoperative Care ; methods ; Quinuclidines ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

Objective To analyze the correlation between the polymorphism of PTPN22 gene (R620W and R263Q sites)and pulmonary tuberculosis(TB)in Chinese Han population and to investigate the environmental factors associated with pulmonary TB. Methods A case-control study was conducted on 235 patients with pulmonary TB and 251 healthy subjects. The single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)of PTPN22 gene at R620W and R263Q sites were detected by the assay of polymerase chain reaction and re-striction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). A questionnaire was designed to gather information about tuberculosis-associated environmental factors. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis were con-ducted. Results Genotype frequencies of PTPN22 R620W(C1858T)SNP were 233(99. 15% ,CC),2 (0. 85% ,CT),0(0% ,TT)in patients with pulmonary TB and 240(95. 62% ,CC),11(4. 38% ,CT), 0(0% ,TT)in healthy subjects. There was a difference with the distribution of PTPN22 C1858T allele be-tween patients with pulmonary TB and healthy subjects[0. 43% vs 2. 19% ,P = 0. 01,odds ratio(OR)=0. 19,95% confidence interval(CI)= 0. 07-0. 35]. Genotype frequencies of PTPN22 R263Q(G788A) were 218(92. 77% ,GG),17(7. 31% ,GA),0(0% ,AA)in patients with pulmonary TB and 248 (98. 71% ,GG),3(1. 29% ,GA),0(0% ,AA)in healthy subjects. The frequencies of G788A allele in patients with pulmonary TB were higher than those in healthy subjects(3. 62% vs 0. 60% ,P﹤0. 01,OR=6. 03,95% CI=2. 12-18. 38). Conclusion The results of this study suggested that the R263Q GG geno-type of PTPN22 gene was associated with the susceptibility to TB in Chinese Han population.

Constitution of TCM is based on the study of individual constitution and physical health,and it has also drawn attention from the medical profession in the world.This commentary has reviewed about the development of constitution of TCM over the past few years,summed up the past 30 years,especially analysis the new research fruits during 2005-2006,expounded the important status of Chinese medical constitution in the development of Chinese medicine and the significance in socio-economic sustainable development,and put forward the direction of development and research for Chinese medical constitution.

Objective To investigate the appearance and characteristics of hepatic tuberculosis lesions on low mechanical index contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Methods Eight patients with hepatic tuberculosis lesions were studied with conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Lesions,distribution.size,echogenieity,blood flow,enhancement phase,enhancement patterns and intensity were studied. ResuIts Fifteen lesions were found in eight patients. On conventional ultrasound,mean size of the lesions was(21.7±10.7)mm×(30.3±22.4)mm,and 66.7%(10/15)lesions located under liver capdule,and 33.3%(5/15)were in hepatic parenchyma.All lesions were hypoechoic except the largest one (50 mm x 102 mm)which demonstrated heterogeneous.Doppler signals were not demonstrated in all 15 lesions.After administration of SonoVue,satisfied image data were obtained in 13 lesions for aterial phase,and 15 lesions for portal venous phase and parenchyma phase.84.6%(11/13)of the lesions demonstrated hyperenhancing on aterial phase,mean enhancing start time was(8.6±1.6)s,ranging from 5 s to 10 s.and mean enhancing end time was(25.6±2.8)s,ranging from 20 s to 29 s. Of 13 lesions,6 lesions demonstrated circle periphery hyper-enchanCement,5 lesions demonstrated whole hyper-enchancement,and 2 lesions appeared hypoenhancement on arterial phase. All lesions demonstrated either hypoenhancing or non-enhancement on portal venous phase and parenchyma phase. Conclusions Low mechanical index contrast-enhanced ultrasound can reveal the blood flow status of hepatic tuberculous lesions and will facilitate the diagnosis of hepatic tuberculosis.

Objective:To establish a rapid method to detect drug-resistance genotypes of extended spectrum-β-Lactamases (ESBLs) produced by gram negative bacillus using the real -time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Methods: According to clinical common genotypes of ESBLs, SHV, TEM.CTX-M.OXA and their homology, 9 pairs of specific primers were designed including SHV, TEM, CTX-M-1, CTX-M-2, CTX-M-8, CTX-M-9, OXA-1, OXA-2 and OXA-10. To extract DNA template by boiling assay, and then establish and grade up SYBR GREEN I real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR reaction system, finally definite real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method. Its precision and range of linearity were tested. With established assay 51 multi- drug resistant ESBLs- E. coli K. pneumoniae were detected and compared with improved three dimensional extract tests. Results: Except OXA-2, 8 genotypes SHV, TEM, CTX-M-1, CTX-M-2, CTX-M-8, CTX-M-9, OXA-1 and OXA-10 were amplified by quantitative PCR from 39 ESBLs+ and 51 multi-drug resistant ESBLs-E. coli K. pneumoniae and confirmed by sequence testing. The range of linearity was 3×10~3-3×10~8 copies/mL, r =-0.994 7. Repetitive experiments showed that the average coefficient of variation between -runs was 9.6%. Comparing with three dimensional extract test, there was no significant difference (χ2 = 1.125,P> 0.05). Conclusion: Testing drug-resistance genotypes of ESBLs with SYBR GREEN I real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR is a rapid,specific and sensitive method, which is capable of inspecting genotypes of ESBLs from clinical strains.

Objective To evaluate the effect and mechanism of IL‐6 induced Gefitinib resistance in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) .Methods The sensitivity of cells to Gefitinib ,the invasion ability of cells and the expression of phosphorylated p‐mTOR was assessed by MTT assay ,Transwell assay and Western blot ,respectively .PC‐9psb388 stable over expressing human recombi‐nant IL‐6(hrIL‐6) cell line was established by transfecting PC‐9 cells with a lentivirus psb388 expressing IL‐6 and stable transfecta‐nts over‐expressing IL‐6 in human lung cancer cell line PC‐9 .The sensitivity of cells to Gefitinib ,the invasion ability ,expression of p‐mTOR were then detected .PC‐9/PC‐9psb388 xenografts were established and the expression of p‐mTOR and IL‐6 in tumor sec‐tions were then detected .Results The sensitivity of PC‐9 cells to Gefitinib was reduced by IL‐6 ,the invasion ability of PC‐9 cells and the expression of p‐mTOR was significantly increased with IL‐6 treatment .The sensitivity of PC‐9 cells to Gefitinib was promi‐nent higher in PC‐9psb388 cells ,while the invasion ability of PC‐9psb388 cells and the expression of p‐mTOR was higher than PC‐9 cells .The sensitivity to Gefitinib was improved and expression of p‐mTOR reduced in rapamycin‐treated PC‐9psb388 cells and IL‐6 stimulated PC‐9 cells .Tumor volume of PC‐9psb388 xenografts was significantly higher than that of PC‐9 cells .The expression of p‐mTOR and IL‐6 in tumor sections of PC‐9psb388 group were higher than that of PC‐9 group .Conclusion IL‐6 could elevate the expression of p‐mTOR to induce Gefitinib resistance in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) .

Objective To compare the EC50 of Propofol for inhibiting intubation response. Methods 80 cases un-derwent tracheal intubation general anesthesia, all patients were randomly divided into two groups. The general situ-ation between the two groups showed no significant difference. Except for Propofol, other anesthesia drugs infusion method and dosage were the same. Sequential determination the EC50 of Propofol which for inhibiting intubation re-sponse of each groups by up-and-down. Propofol target concentration of the first patient was set to 4 μg/ml, and ad-justed according to intubation stress response disappeared or not, concentration of two adjacent patients with ratio of 1.2. Results A group inhibited the cardiovascular responses of Propofol EC50 and 95%CI was 5.19 μg/ml (95%CI:4.88 ~ 5.50 μg/ml). B group inhibited the cardiovascular responses of Propofol EC50 and 95 %CI was 4.15μg/ml (95%CI:3.80~4.40μg/ml). The EC50 and 95% confidence interval of the B group were significantly lower than those of the A group ( P< 0.05). The MAP and HR at T2 were higher than that of T1 in each group ( P< 0.05), and the MAP and HR of observe group were lower than that of control group ( P< 0.05). The MAP and HR at T3 were lower than that of T1 in control group ( P< 0.05), but there were no significant deference in observe group ( P> 0.05).Conclusion The EC50 and 95% confidence interval of Propofol for inhibiting intubation response under photopic laryngoscopes was significant lower than those of under direct laryngoscopes, the circulation during period of induc-tion and intubation was more stable.

Objective To analyze clinical pathologic characteristics of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis autoimmune hepatitis overlap syndrome (PBC AIH OS),the incidence of extrahepatic autoimmune disease,malignant tumor and the abdominal lymph node enlargement.Methods From January 2000 to January 2012,the clinical data of 49 patients with PBC AIH OS were retrospectively analyzed,which included general information,clinical manifestations,biochemical parameters,immunological parameters,liver histopathological features,the incidence of extrahepatic autoimmune disease and malignant tumor,imaging findings and the efficacy.Results Among 49 PBC-AIH OS patients,the percentage of patients between 51 and 60 years old was 59.2％ (29/49),and the mean age of onset was (57.2±8.9) years old.Female was 83.7％ (41/49).The percentage of jaundice and pruritus in the main symptoms of initial visit was 42.9％ (21/49).The serum level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST),alkaline phosphatase (ALP),γ-glutamyl transpeptadase (GGT) and total bilirubin (TBil) of 49 patients all increased.Among 31 patients who accepted IgA,IgG and IgM level test,the level of IgM increased in 58.1％ (18/31) of patients,and the level of IgG increased in 61.3％ (19/31) of patients.Ninety-eight percent of patients were antinuclear antibody (ANA) positive,6.1 ％ (3/49) were anti-smooth muscle antibody (SMA) positive,89.8％ (44/49) of patients were anti mitochondrial antibody (AMA) and or AMA-M2 positive.All patients had interface hepatitis.Forty-nine percent (24/49) of patients had both histological features of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliray cirrhosis (PBC).After being treated with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and immunosuppressant,the percentage of remission,incomplete response and failure was 65.3％ (32/49),26.5％ (13/49) and 8.2％ (4/49),respectively.After remission,five of six patients with medicine withdrawal relapsed.Among 49 patients,40.8％ (20/49) with extrahepatic autoimmune disease and the percentage of Sjogren's syndrome,autoimmune thyroid disease,interstitial pneumonia,systemic lupus erythematosus,psoriasis,sarcoidosis and membranous nephropathy was 16.3％ (8/49),12.2％ (6/49),4.1％ (2/49),2.0％ (1/49),2.0％ (1/49),2.0％ (1/49) and 2.0％ (1/49),respectively.Among 49 patients,14.3％ (7/49) with malignant tumor and the percentage of endometrial cancer,breast cancer,thyroid cancer and lymphoma was 4.1％ (2/49),4.1％ (2/49),4.1％ (2/49) and 2.0％ (1/ 49).Among 49 patients,abdominal ultrasound showed abnormality in 93.9％ (46/49) of patients.Abdominal lymph nodes enlargement was found in 91.8％ (45/49) of patients.Conclusions Autoimmune disease and malignant tumor should be screened when patients with PBC-AIH OS were assessed.Abdominal lymph nodes enlargement found by imaging examination may have guiding significance to the diagnosis.