BACKGROUND: Prevention of tissue damage during early hours of cerebral ischemia has remained a major challenge in acute stroke management.Whether the application of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) can protect cerebraltissue or not remains a question to be answered.OBJECTIVE: In cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rat model we studied the change on CGRP and β-endorphine levels and the therapeutic implication with hyperbaric oxygenation.DESIGN: A randomized controlled animal study.SETTING: Animal Research Department of Capital University of Medical Science.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out at the Animal Research Department of the Capital University of Medical Science from December 2003 to February 2005. Sixty three healthy Sprague-Dewey female rats were randomly divided into 9 groups. There were 7 in the sham operation group. Four groups with 7 in each group received cerebral ischemia followed by reperfusion (IR) and blood sample taken at 6, 24, 48 and 96 hourrespectively. Another 4 groups (IR-HBO) with 7 in each received cerebral ischemia and reperfusion under hyperbaric oxgenation with blood sampling at 6, 24, 48 and 96 hours.INTERVENTIONS: With the exception of sham operation groups, animals in all the experimental groups were exposed to global cerebral is chemia of 20 minutes duration. Sham operation group and the IR groups remained under the normal atmospheric pressure. The HBO chamber was flushed with 100% oxygen for 5 minutes and raised the pressure in 5 minutes to a steady pressure at 0.2MPa. Rats in IR-HBO groups were put into the chamber with inhalation of 100% oxygen for 45 minutes and decompression was done for 15 minutes. The rats in HBO group were placed into the HBO chamber after 3-hour post reperfusion on the first day and this treatment was repeated for three consecutive days, always at the same time.Plasma was collected after 6 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours or 96 hours post cerebral reperfusion, respectively.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The level of CGRP and β-EP in the plasma were measured by RIA (Radio-immunoassay).RESULTS: Sixty-three rats entered the final analysis. ① At 6-hour ischemia-repefusion: CGRP in HBO group was increased (64.12±18.16) ng/L and the onset time was earlier than that in IR group and the level was higher than those in IR group (32.62 ±11.72)ng/L and sham operation group (49.09±8.59)ng/L at the same time point (F=6.614, P ＜ 0.001, P ＜ 0.05). Β-EP level in 6-hour HBO group was slightly increased, but recovered at 24-hour, 48-hour, 96-hour HBO groups. ② At 24-hour and 48-hour ischemia-reperfusion: The plasma CGRP levels of the HBO group recover within 24-hours [(43.53±22.73)ng/L, F=0.390; (46.02±10.64)ng/L,F=0.969, P ＞ 0.05]. ③ 96-hour ischemia-reperfusion: CGRP increase in the IR group (81.74±20.64)ng/L was higher than that in the sham operation group (49.09±8.59)ng/L and the HBO group (40.98±20.52)ng/L at the same time point (F=6.419, P ＜ 0.01); and also obviously higher than those in 6-hour, 24-hour and 48-hour IR group (F=10.806, P ＜ 0.01).The β-EP level at 96-hour HBO group was decreased to the lowest as compared with that in the sham operation group [(370.00±130.15)ng/L,(872.30±403.92)ng/L, F=3.691, P ＜ 0.05].CONCLUSION: ① HBO in the early period of cerebral ischemia can reduce the onset of injury of cerebral tissue through increasing CGRP level and decreasing β-EP level; ②The more times treated by HBO, the better is its therapeutic effect.

BACKGROUND: The level of blood neuron-specific enolase may help predict the severity of brain damage.OBJECTIVE: To define the optimal time window of hyperbaric oxygen(HBO) treatment for brain ischemia based on the dynamical changes in plasma neuron-specific enolase bioactivity.DESIGN: Factorial design.SETTING: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Capital University of Medical Sciences.PARTICIPANTS: The experiment was conducted in the Laboratory of the Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital University of Medical Sciences in June 2002. Totally 54 adult female SD rats were randomized into 3 groups, namely sham operation group(n=6), ischemia-reperfusion (IR) group (n=24), and HBO group (n=24), the latter 2 groups further divided into 4 groups according to the reperfusion time of 6, 24, 48 and 96 hours, with 6 rats in each subgroup.METHODS: [1] Rat models of IR was prepared by occlusion of the 4 arteries for 20 minutes followed by reperfusion for different time. [2] The rats in the sham operation received the same operation without blocking the arteries. The rats in HBO group were subjected to HBO treatment (0.2 MPa,pure oxygen for 45 minutes), which was given after a 3-hour reperfusion inthe 6-hour subgroup and scheduled once daily at the same time point in the other 3 subgroups until blood sampling. The rats in IR group and sham operation group were kept under normal pressure without additional oxygen.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Blood samples were collected at the specified time points in IR and HBO groups and at 24 hours of reperfusion in the sham operation group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)was used to determine the activity of plasma neuron-specific enolase.RESULTS: Totally 54 rats enter result analysis after supplementary.Plasma neuron-specific enolase level was significantly lower in the sham operation group (1.97±0.09) μg/L than in 6 and 96-hour subgroups in the IR group [(2.80±0.26), (2.40±0.19) μg/L, respectively, P ＜ 0.05],and was obviously lower in 6-hour HBO subgroup than the 6-hour IR group [(2.04±0.27) μg/L, P ＜ 0.05], which was slightly increased at 24hours after HBO treatment but the difference was of no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: IR injury may lead to increment of plasma neuron-specific enolase level, which occurred at 6 and 96 hours respectively in IR group, possibly due to acute neuronal necrosis during brain ischemia and subsequent delayed neuronal apoptosis. HBO treatment promotes the recovery of neuron-specific enolase level, with 6 hours of reperfusion as the optimal therapeutic time window.

A large number of health information management persons are needed in regional health information construction and the characteristics of medical institutions needing for health information management persons in re-gional health information construction are different.Analysis of their common and specific needs for health informa-tion management persons can show the training target of information management , establish the scientific and rational training mechanisms, optimize the course system, enforce the practical education in colleges and universities, and increase the employment of their graduate , thus meeting the crying need of health information management persons in our country .

Objective: To identify Aconitum pendulum Busch. and Aconitum kongboense Lauener. Methods: Aconitum pendulum Busch. and Aconitum kongboense Lauener were identified by microscopical identification and TLC. And the contents of aconitine in the two herbs were determined by HPLC. Results:Microscopical identification showed they were different from each other, and aconitine was used as the reference component. Using the solution consisting of hexane ∶ethyl acetate ∶diethylamine (10 ∶6 ∶0. 8) as the developing solvent, the compositions in the two herbs were different in TLC. The content of aconitine in Aconitum pendulum Busch was 0. 71 mg· g-1 , while that in Aconitum kongboense Lauener was only 0. 03 mg·g-1 . Conclusion:Aconitum pendulum Busch. and Aconitum kong-boense Lauener Identified by microscopical identification, TLC and HPLC,SHOW NOTABLE differences between them, and Aconitum kongboense Lauener should not be used as Aconitum pendulum Busch.

Objective To find out the best orientation and section for diagnosing rheumatic heart disease using multiplane transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). Methods The visible heart was compared with the images by multiplane TEE for the establishment of the best orientation and section for multiplane TEE for the diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease. Results The best orientation and section of mitral valve detected by multiplane TEE were the four chamber view at 0? orientation at the end part of esophagus. The best orientation and section of aorta valve were short axis section of the heart at 45? orientation and long axis section of the heart at 135? orientation at the middle part of the esophagus. The best orientation and section were the short axis section at 45? orientation and the oblique short axis section at 0? orientation of the aorta valve at the middle and the upper part of esophagus. Conclusion The best orientation and section of TEE based on the study of the visible heart are helpful to simplify the operation procedure of multiplane TEE and to shorten the examining time.

BACKGROUND:In the deep caries treatment, the pulp capping agent used in indirect pulp can induce the formation of dentin bridge (the complex of dental pulp and dentin), to protect the pulp tissue from stimulus and save the pulp vitality, completely avoid the occurrence of complications, with a higher clinical success rate. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the differences in clinical efficacy of five kinds of calcium hydroxide preparations. METHODS:Totaly 236 patients with deep caries were selected and randomized to undergo indirect pulp with the double-component calcium hydroxide powder (n=46), Metapex with one-component injection dosage form and the chemical curing calcium hydroxide preparation (n=47), Dycal with the chemical curing calcium hydroxide preparation (n=45), Ionosit-Baseliner (n=49) and Calcimol LC (n=49) with one-component and the light curing calcium hydroxide preparation. The status of the dental pulp, the restoration and the root tip were observed at 1, 6, 12 and 24 months after operation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference between the five groups in the success rate of indirect pulp capping at 1, 6 and 12 months (P> 0.05). At 24 months, the success rate of indirect pulp capping in the double-component calcium hydroxide powder group was lower than that in the other four groups (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the latter four groups (P > 0.05). Metapex, Dycal, Ionosit-Baseliner and Calcimol LC al have a good effect on indirect pulp capping to deep caries, which can be used as agents for long-term pulp protection.

This study was aimed to investigate the preventing efficacy of the combined using of Er-Shi-Wu-Wei Shan-Hu (ESWWSH) pill, Ru-Yi Zhen-Bao (RYZB) pill, Er-Shi-Wei Chen-Xiang (ESWCX) pill on the focal cere-bral ischemia injury in rats. A total of 80 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups. In the sham operation group and the MCAO model group, normal saline was given orally every day (1 mL/100 g). In the positive control group, nimodipine was given orally every day (1.89 mg/100 g). In the drug combination group, ESWWSH pill (7 mg/100 g), RYZB pill (31.5 mg/100 g), ESWCX pill (49 mg/100 g), were separately given in the morning, noon and evening every day. Improved MCAO was used in the model establishment after 7-day intragastri-cal administration. After 24 h brain infarction, TTC method was used in the determination of the cerebral infarct size. Drying and weighing method was used in the calculation of brain water content. Determinations were made on con-tent of NO in ischemic brain issues (nitrate reductase method); activities of SOD in serum (xanthine oxidase method);content of MDA in serum (TBA method); and activities of LDH in serum (pyruvate method). The results showed that compared with the MCAO model group, the combined using of three Tibetan classical prescriptions can obviously re-duce the cerebral infarct size, brain water content and the NO content in brain issues, increase the activity of SOD, reduce the content of MDA, and reduce the activity of LDH in serum. It was concluded that the research preliminari-ly showed that the combined using of ESWWSH pill, RYZB pill and ESWCX pill can protect the ischemic brain tis-sues, such as reducing the cerebral infarct size, alleviating brain edema, and inhibiting oxidative stress reactions.

In this paper, a qualitative and quantitative analysis method was established for the scopoletin in herba Artemisiae hedinii hy HPLC. The chromatographic column was Agilent TC-C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5μm);the tem-perature of column was 30℃, eluted with a mobile phase consisted of methanol and 0.3%phosphoric acid solution and gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. The detection wavelength was 344 nm. The results showed that the mass concentration and peak area of scopoletin had a good linear relationship within the range of measurement (r=0.999 9). The reproducibility was good;and the RSD was 1.51%. The average sample recovery rate was 101.42%. It was concluded that the established method was stable, reliable and simple. It provided theoretical evidences for the quality evaluation and quality control of herba A. hedinii.

BACKGROUND:In the comprehensive treatment of cracked teeth, the temporary protection using the orthodontic band and resin temporary crown can effectively prevent tooth fracture and protect the cracked teeth with a higher clinical success rate. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the differences in clinical efficacy of orthodontic band and resin temporary crown on the temporary protection of cracked teeth. METHODS: Totaly 189 patients (97 males and 92 females, aged 19-65 years) with cracked teeth were selected, randomly divided into two groups and respectively underwent the temporary protection to cracked teeth with the orthodontic band (n=93) and resin temporary crown (n=96) in the comprehensive treatment. Retention effect, periodontal status and patient satisfaction were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were three cases with loose band and one case with faling band in the group of orthodontic band; there were two cases with faling band in the group of resin temporary crown. No significant difference between two groups in the retention effect was found. There were 11 cases of gingivitis or exploring hemorrhage in the group of orthodontic band and 2 cases in the group of resin temporary crown, indicating the periodontal status in the group of resin temporary crown was better than that in the group of orthodontic band (P< 0.05). There were 18 cases of lower satisfaction for poor color, expand feeling caused by the rubber band and discomfort caused by the band protruding from tooth surface in the group of orthodontic band; there were 3 cases of lower satisfaction in the group of resin temporary crown, and the patient satisfaction in the group of resin temporary crown were higher than that in the group of orthodontic band (P < 0.05). There is a better clinical effect in the temporary protection to cracked teeth by using the resin temporary crown, especialy in the terms of retention effect, periodontal status and patient satisfaction.

This study was aimed to offer a scientific basis for the differentiation and control quality of Castanea mol-lissima Blume shell. The determination was given from the morphological identification, microscopical identification and TLC identification. The results showed that through obtained information such as morphological traits, tissue powder and TLC characteristics, the longitudinal section micrographs of C. mollissima Blume shell and the micro-scopic images of tissue powder had been received. It was concluded that the study provided a reliable reference for the identification of the quality control standards of C. mollissima Blume shell.