Pancreatic cancer is a common disease with a poor prognosis. Despite recent advance in the field of diagnos-tic technique, surgical resection and adjuvant therapy for pan-creatic cancer, the overall 5-year survival rate is still less than 5%. This is due to its aggressive growth behavior, early local invasion and metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Surgical treatment is still regard as the only chance for curing pancreatic cancer. Many new strategies in the surgical treatment of pancreatic cancer, including extended lymphadeneetomy, vascular resection, the use of laparoscopy, surgery for metastastic or recurrent disease, and neoadjuvant therapy, are currently under debate. In this review, we discuss the current status of surgical treatment for pancreatic cancer, and highlight the controversies and focus.

0.05).The activities degrees of ankle joint also had no statistical difference.[Conclusion]According to the extent of the displacement of Cotton's fracture,we should make the right operative order and the incision,thus we can get results with anatomic reduction and shorten the operative time,which can help the patients make early exercises and get satisfactory effect.

Objective To observe the effects of a-eating stroke constipation with ZengYeChengQi Decoction (ZYCQD) and BuYangHuanWu Decoction(BYHWD). Methods 86 cases of stroke constipation were recruited to receive ZengYeChengQi Decoction (ZYCQD) and BuYangHuanWu Decoction (BYHWD) orally for one therapeutic course, and observe the therapeutic effects. Results Among 86 cases, 65 cases were totally recovery, 16 cases had obvious improvement, and 5 cases were inefficacy. The total effective rate was 94.19%. Conclusion Oral ZengYeChengQi Decoction (ZYCQD) and BuYangHuanWu Decoction (BYHWD) can improve constipation symptom score and improve the clinical therapeutic effect.

Aim The effect of capsule bushenyanshou (BSYS), a compound of traditional Chinesemedicine, on the immunopharmacological activities of mice was investigated. MethodsThe indexes of immunopharmacological activity, such as the clearance rate of charcoalparticles, the lymphocyte transformation and the content of serum hemolysin, were mea-sured. Results Capsule BSYS (400, 800 mg?kg-1, qd ? 12) markedly increased theclearance rate of iv charcoal particles and 1he lymphocyte transformation stimulated invivo by PHA in mice. In hydrocortisone -treated mice(15 mg? kg-1, sc, qd ? 5), capsuleBSYS significantly enhanced the content of serum hemolysin and the weights of spleenand thymus. The results also demonstrated capsule BSYS performed a sighted inhibition ofthe delayed type hypersensitivity in mice. Conclusion Capsule BSYS has the capacity ofimmunological intensification and regulation.

Objective To study the dose distribution of the radioactive 125Ⅰ seeds sources in the treatment of prostate cancer and also to explore the more effective method for improving treatment planning system (TPS).Methods Choose the designated TPS and use TLDs dosimeter based on a prostate cancer model.Finally stimulated measurement was focused on dose distribution in prostate cancer.The number of 125Ⅰ seed sources implanted was 89, each with 1.37 × 107 ( ± 5% ) Bq.Results Maximum dose of every layer ranged from 151 to 241 Gy, by 4.1% to 66.0% higher than the prescribed dose (145 Gy).The Minimum dose of every layer ranged from 101 to 128 Gy, by 12% to 30% higher than the prescribed dose.The maximum dose of normal tissue at 10 mm from the edge of model ranged from 46 to 91 Gy.The deviation was 44% -63% compared with the prescribed dose.Conclusions The designated TPS shows that it could be used as a practical guide for treatment of prostate cancer with the radioactive 125Ⅰ seed sources.The research methods offered by the study can provide evaluation of the TPS.

Objective Little is known about the role of low oxygen concentration in the formation of the capsule of Cryptococ -cus neoformans .This study was to investigate the effect of hypoxic condition on the capsule size of Cryptococcus neoformans . Methods We cultured 39 Cryptococcus neoformans strains in liquid Sabouraud medium and then incubated them at the normoxic (21%) and hypoxic concentration (1%), respectively.After 72 hours of incubation, we observed the capsules formed at different ox-ygen conditions under the Olympus microscope and the measured their sizes using the Axiovision software . Results Of the total number of Cryptococcus neoformans strains , 30 showed larger capsules in the normoxic than in the hypoxic condition , 17 with statisti-cally significant differences in their diameters (P<0.05), while the other 9 strains exhibited just the opposite results , 4 with statisti-cally significant differences in their diameters ( P<0.05). Conclusion Hypoxia might inhibit the growth of the Cryptococcus neoformans capsule.However, further studies are needed on its correlation with the serum or gene types of the Cryptococcus neofor-mans strain.

Objective To compare the clinical application value of the real-time fluorescence PCR method and flow cytometry method for detecting human leukocyte antigen B27(HLA-B27).Methods Blood HLA-B27 level in 225 patients with suspected ankylosing spondylitis was detected by using real-time fluorescence PCR method and flow cytometry method.The detection results were compared and analyzed between the two methods.Results The results of 95.1% sample were identical detected by two methods without statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Taken the results of flow cytometry as reference, the sensitivity of real-time fluorescence PCR for detecting HLA-B27 was 94%, the specificity was 96%.Gene sequencing was performed if results of a sample detected by two methods were different, which was identical with the result detected by real-time fluorescence PCR.Conclusion Both methods for detecting HLA-B27 all have high sensitivity and specificity.Real-time fluorescence PCR method is more superior to the flow cytometry method in the results accuracy.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects and safety of Hedan tablets on the levels of blood lipid,inflammatory factors and oxidative stress in coronary heart disease(CHD)patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM2). METHODS:A total of 118 pa-tients diagnosed as CHD with DM2 were collected from our hospital during Jul. 2013-Nov. 2015,and then divided into observation group(63 cases)and control group(55 cases)according to random number table. Control group received conventional treatment such as controlling blood glucose,regulating blood lipid,vasodilator,anticoagulant. Observation group additionally received He-dan tablets 1.46 g before meal,tid,on the basis of control group. Both groups received treatment for 6 months. The levels of blood lipid (TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C),serum inflammatory factors (TNF-α ,IL-10,IL-6,hs-CRP) and oxidative stress indexes (MDA,SOD,NO)before and after treatment as well as the occurrence of ADR were compared in 2 groups. RESULTS:Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in levels of blood lipid,serum inflammatory factors or oxidative stress indexes be-tween 2 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,the serum levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,TNF-α,IL-6,hs-CRP and MDA in 2 groups were decreased significantly,while those of IL-10,SOD and NO were increased significantly;the observation group was signifi-cantly better than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Hedan tablets can effectively improve the level of blood lipid,reduce the lev-el of inflammatory factors,relieve inflammatory injury,reduce the level of oxygen free radical,strengthen antioxidant capacity and lighten oxidative stress injury with good safety.

Nanobodies are derived from the variable domain of the heavy-chain antibodies (HCAbs) that occur naturally in the serum of Camelidae. They are the smallest antibody fragments capable to bind antigens. With the characteristics of their increased solubility, increased domain stabilities, nanomolar affinities, easy crossing the blood-brain barrier, easy generation, engineering, optimization and tailoring, easy humanization, nanobodies have extensive application prospects in diagnosis and detection. Although nanobody has demonstrated tremendous success, a number of practical challenges limit its broader applications in disease diagnosis and detection, including construction of a phage library and selection of nanobody fragments with high affinity and immunogold labeling technique. Here, we review several recent findings on the use of nanobodies in molecular diagnostics and suggest some practical strategies in resolving the current challenges in this attractive research area, particularly to optimize the affinity, solubility, humanization of nanobodies.
Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; chemistry ; Single-Domain Antibodies ; chemistry ; drug effects

Objective To provide clinical experience in treatment of cook′s fungus infection of evidence‐based medical evidence , separation of medical environment of cook′s bacteria identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test .Methods Collected in the hospital infection of hygiene monitoring ,collection and medical staff hands ,skin and mucous membrane ,air and object surface sam‐ples from 86 strains of cook ,application ATB Expression semi‐automatic bacteria identification of susceptibility analyzer supporting article try ID32 Staph identification and drug susceptibility test Staph 5 ,strain identification and drug sensitive test .Results 86 strains bacteria identification cook 62 strains bacteria ,mutation detection rose cook bacteria strains of 16 ,cook eight strains of bac‐teria .Cook bacterium of norfloxacin(16 .3% ) ,and with nitrofurantoin low because of the sensitive rate(20 .9% ) ,of erythromycin (69 .3% ) and gentamycin(67 .4% ) ,the sensitive rate at nearly 70 .0% ,sensitivity to penicillin and other 12 kinds of antimicrobial a‐gents more than 80 .0% ,even 100 .0% .Conclusion Cook for most still sensitive ,clinicians and microorganism inspection personnel should strengthen the cook .