Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer cell (CAR-NK) is a new promising immunotherapy. NK cell can derive from peripheral blood cells, cord blood cells, NK-92 cell line and iPSC cells. CAR-NK cells can recognize target antigens non-specifically and are not restricted by human leukocyte antigens. Allogeneic infusion of CAR-NK cells does not cause graft-versus-host disease. It has a strong effect on primary cells of leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma, thus making animal models have strong anti-tumor effect. Therefore, as a "off-the-shelf" product, CAR-NK cells have a wide range of clinical applications. In this paper, the construction of CAR-NK vector and its preliminary clinical application in hematological tumors and the challenges were reviewed.

Objective:To study the change of Neuropeptide Y (NPY) plasma and its clinical si gnificance and the effects of Astragalus on NPY in plasma in chronic renal fail ure patients.Methods:Radioimmunoassay was used to measure plasma concentration of NPY.Results:①The plasma concentration of NPY in CRF patients was significantly high er than tha t in healthy group,and the plasma concentration of NPY in uremia patients was si gnificantly higher than that in nitremia patients.②The plasma concentration of NPY was positively correlated with the serum value of CRE and the level of MAP in CRF patients.③After Astraglus treatment for 3 weeks,the level of NPY in plas ma was significantly decreased in experiment group,but in control group,there wa s no significant change.Conclusion:The disturbance in synthesis,secretion or metabolism of NPY occurred in CRF patients,which significantly correlates with the occurrence and development of CRF.Astraglus can influence the NPY in plasma in CRF patients,so as to improve the renal function.

Objective To gain a better knowledge of the education for masters in clinical medicine (general practice) and provide a reference for the better exploration of the training mode of GP students.Methods 9 colleges and universities enrolling students for this program were selected with stratified sampling.A questionnaire was conducted in terms of admission,curriculum setting,clinical training,guidance and evaluation through officials in charge of graduate affairs from February to July in 2014.Descriptive analysis was performed to the investigation results,using SPSS 20.0 statistical software.Results A full-time undergraduate degree in clinical medicine was explicitly required in 88.9％ (8/9) of colleges and universities.The average total credits of the course were 23.7 and the average clinical training duration was 32.4 months.Tutor group was adopted in all colleges and universities.The assessment and evaluation of the GP masters was mainly composed of multiple forms of process assessment and final evaluation.Conclusion We suggest attaching more importance to the improvements of enrollment policy,curriculum system,clinical training,standardized training base construction,teaching staff,and evaluation system in order to explore GP training mode in accord with the law of general practice and suitable for China's national conditions.

This study conducted questionnaire survey to graduate medical students in Medicine (M.D.) and Stomatological Medicine (S.M.D) enrolled at Peking University Health Science Center in the year 2013,analyzed on the understanding,period,forms,mentoring and effect of research training.Suggestions are proposed to strengthen the research training,for example,focusing on clinical training as well as research training,aiming at clinical issues,emphasize of clinical scientific research,permeating the concept oftransformation medicine,promotion of intense full-time research,strengthen the mentoring of professors.

Objective To decrease the fault rate and increase the clinical application management of the defibrillator.Methods The allocation,training,daily maintenance,quality control,emergency treatment and etc of the defibrillators in some hospital were summarized,and a set of clinical application management method was proposed for the defibrillators.Results The allocation and maintenance of the defibrillators were improved,and the rate for the completion of records reached 100％.The fault rate of the defibrillators was 0,and A requirements for first-aid and life support devices in grade assessment issues were fulfilled.Conclusion It's proved the management method is feasible for eliminating the deficiencies in clinical application management of the defibrillator.

Objective To study the role and mechanism of microRNA-16(miR-16)in the proliferation,invasion and apoptosis of ovarian epithelial carcinoma cells in vitro.Methods The SKOV-3 cells were transfected with miR-16 mimics or negative control RNA(NC)by lipofectamine 2000.The expression of miR-16 was detected by real-time reverse transcription(RT)-PCR in SKOV-3 cells,and western blot was used to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2)and bcl-2 protein.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT),5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine(EdU)and transwell assay were used to determine the proliferation and invasion abilities.And the rate of apoptotic cell was detected by flow cytometry method.Results(l)The expression level of miR16 in the transfection cells group was significantly higher than that in NC group(125.93 ± 15.30 versus 0.78 ± 0.16,P ＜ 0.01).(2)The rclative expression level of VEGF protein in transfection cells,NC and blank control group was 0.58 ± 0.05,1.22 ± 0.03,1.20 ± 0.03,MMP-2 protein was 0.63 ± 0.03,1.16 ±0.03,1.21 ± 0.03,and bel-2 protein 0.52 ± 0.03,1.19 ± 0.05,1.28 ± 0.06,respectively.The level of VEGF,MMP-2 and bcl-2 protein in the transfection group were lower than those in other control groups,and there were significantly differences among them(all P ＜0.01).(3)After transfected 4 days,the inhibition rate of cell proliferation in the transfection group was dramatically higher than that in NC group[(37.2 ±6.2)％ versus(3.6 ± 3.2)％,P =0.001].(4)The percentage rate of proliferative cells in the transfection,NC and blank control group was(12.3 ± 0.8)％,(23.4 ± 1.8)％,(31.1 ± 4.9)％.And it was lower in the transfection group(P ＜ 0.05).(5)Decreased cells via the transwell member in the transfection group(6 ± 3)were detected as compared with NC group(40 ± 9)and blank control group (48 ± 8,P ＜ 0.01).(6)Twenty-four hours after cultured in serum starvation and hypoxia,the rate of the viable and late apoptotic cells in the transfection group were significantly higher than those in NC group and blank control group[the rate of viable apoptotic cell was(16.9 ± 2.1)％,(10.3 ± 1.7)％ and(9.0 ±0.8)％ respectivcly,P＜0.01;the rate of late apoptotic cell was(13.4±3.3)％,(3.2 ±1.8)％ and (0.7 ±0.6)％ respectively,P ＜ 0.01].After cultured 48 hours,total apoptotic cells in the transfection group was significantly more than those in other groups(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion miR-16 might inhibit the proliferation,invasion of ovarian epithelial carcinoma cells and enhance their sensitivity to apoptotic stimuli via downregulation of the expression of VEGF,MMP-2 and bcl-2 protein.

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch(HES,200/(0.5)) on the brain of hemorrhagic-shocked rats.METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(group A),hemorrhagic shocked group(group B),whole blood return group(group C),HES at 2x shed blood volume(SBV) group(group D),HES at 1x SBV plus 1/2 SBV group(group E).Hemorrhagic Shock was induced by intermittently withdrawing blood from an iliac catheter.Except group A and B,the other groups were resuscitated with different liquids and lasted 30 min after 1h for shock.The extent of brain edema and inflammatory cells infiltrating was observed by Hematoxylin-Eosin staining,and the expression of nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-?B) in the rat brain and translocation of nucleus were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blot method.RESULTS: Except the sham group,there were brain edema and inflammatory cells infiltrating in the other groups,which was more obvious in group C and D.The expression of NF-?B in the rat brain was significantly increased in group B and other groups as compared with those in group A(P

Objective To study the correlation between mutant selection window (MSW) and selective enrichment of Staphylococcus aureus resistant mutants in vivo. Methods Tuberculosis patients colonized with S. aureus in anterior nares were selected as experimental group. The susceptibility of S. aureus to rifampicin was determined at the beginning of and 2,4 and 5 weeks after the anti-tuberculosis therapy with rifampicin-containing regimens. S. aureus isolates developing acquired resistance were examined by molecular strain typing. Diabetes patients colonized with S. aureus served as an untreated control. Results The S. aureus isolated from 5 patients acquired rifampicin resistance in 58 tuberculosis patients. It was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and protein A repeat sequence the strains of S. aureus were different, but the isolates obtained from the same patient before and after acquisition of resistance were the same strains. No resistance was acquired in 39 untreated control patients, which differed statistically from treated patients. Conclusion The selective enrichment of rifampicin-resistant S. aureus mutants occurred when rifampicin concentration was in the mutant selection window.

Objective To evaluate spiral CT and three dimensional reconstruction in the diagnosis of severe renal trauma in children. Methods 4 children were taken spiral CT one month after injured in car accidents.Picker CT Twin is used to scan kidney and ureter,including plane scan and contrast enhancement nephrography. Pitch 1.0 and slice thickness 6.5 mm were selected.MPR,MIP and 3D reconstruction were used as postprocessing. Results Of the 4 cases,2 cases had laceration of right kidney and UPJ avulsion,1 case a completely amputated lower pole of left kidney and 1 case a UPJ avulsion in right ureter. Giant urine cysts could be found in all the 4.The CT findings were confirmed by operations. Conclusions Spiral CT and 3D images could accurately depict the condition and severity of injuries of kidney and ureter.The 3D images depict the injuries and surounding structures from various directions,so that the optimal kind of operation could be selected with the reference of images.

Objective To evaluate CTU in the diagnosis of renal duplication in children. Methods 18 children suspected of renal duplication were imaged by CTU.Of the 18 cases,11 have underwent IVU and 4 MRU. Results 18 cases of renal duplication were diagnosed by CTU,confirmed by operation.3 of 11 were detected on IVU,and 1 of 4 on MRU.The diagnosis rate of CTU in renal duplication has been 100%,higher than IVU and MRU. Conclusions CTU is a reliable and optimal technique for the diagnosis of renal duplication.