Certain specific cancer stem cell subpopulation has been isolated from many kinds of tumors by some specified cell surface maker, including myeloma, lung carcinoma, colon cancer, prostate cancer and pancreatic carcinoma. However, poor individual specificity of cell surface maker molecules and heterograft-related problems provoke more researchers to find more specified cell surface makers and establish humanized mice receptor model in the future. From a clinical perspective, tumor stem cells are considered to be the potential target for curing cancer. Research advances in tumor stem cells can help us to elucidate the close relationship between tumor stem cells and tumorigenesis and provide new ideas and alternative pathways for us to conquer the tumor and avoid tumor recurrence and metastasis.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to investigate whether oral administration of collagen Ⅱ peptide (250-270)[C Ⅱ (250-270)]-cholera toxin B subunit (CTB)complex could effectively set up oral immune tolerance to collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. MethodsDBA/1 mice were divided into Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳgroups. Group Ⅰ was normal control group. Collagen type Ⅱ emulsified in Freund's complete adjuvant were injected to mice of groups Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳ twice from the base of the tail. Mice of group Ⅲ were fed with C Ⅱ (250-270)-CTB covalent complex twice after the arthritis was developed. Mice of group Ⅳ were fed with C Ⅱ(250-270) and CTB mix at the 14th day after primary immunization. Visual scores and histopathologic scores of arthritis were recorded. The frequencies of arthritis between the groups were compared usingFisher's exact test. The clinical and histological severity of arthritis were analyzed by ANOVA.Results The frequencies of arthritis in groups Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 0, 100％, 100％ and 25％ respectively. Average accumulative scores of arthritis were 0, 5.0±1.7, 10.8±2.8 and 1.0±2.0 respectively. Average accum-ulative histopathological scores of arthritis were 0, 16±8, 32±13 and 7±6 respectively. Conclusion Oral administration of C Ⅱ (250-270) and CTB mix in arthritis mice after C Ⅱ immunization can suppress the onset and severity of arthritis. Oral administration of C Ⅱ (250-270)-CTB covalent complex in the acute stage of arthritis can accelerate arthritis.

Domestic and oversea research of quality control of materia medica was assayed.It is necessary to choose optimal methods for the study of fingerprint of crude drugs. Taking Radix Astagalis and Fructus Evodiae as the examples, a chemical-pattern recognition method is applied to assess the quality of crude drugs.And this will supply a new method for the quality control of crude drugs.

Objective The aim of this study was to examine the association between plasma Pentraxin 3(PTX3) levels with acute ischemic stroke and carotid artery atherosclerosis.Methods We enrolled 103 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS)and 83 control subjects.The levels of plasma PTX3 were measured by using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at admission and after 7 days treatment in the AIS group.The carotid artery plaques in the AIS group were detected by using Color Doppler Ultrasound.Patients with AIS were divided into two groups according to the stability of carotid artery atherosclerosis plaques.The association between plasma PTX3 levels with acute ischemic stroke and the stability of carotid artery atherosclerosis plaques was examined.Results ① The plasma PTX3 levels were significantly higher in the AIS group than in the control group (P＜0.05).After 7 days standard treatment,the plasma PTX3 levels in AIS group were significantly decreased (P＜0.05),but still higher than those in control group (P＜0.05).Multivariable logistic regression suggested that the plasma PTX3 levels had a close relationship with AIS (OR=15.043,95％CI:3.46～65.45,P＜0.001).② In the AIS group,the plasma PTX3 levels before and after treatment were significantly higher in unstable plaque group than in no plaque and stable plaque group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The plasma PTX3 levels are higher in patients with acute ischemic stroke.The plasma PTX3 levels are significantly higher in AIS group with unstable plaque.The plasma PTX3 levels are closely associated with acute ischemic stroke.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and value of CT perfusion imaging in combination of CTA 320-slice CT with dual-low-dose in detection of acute cerebral ischemia.Methods Forty patients with acute stroke underwent perfusion imaging and CTA using a single scan with 320-slice CT with dual-low-dose schedule.CTA,4D-CTA,4D-perfusion imaging and fusion images were generated at a post-processing workstation.All patients also underwent a 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging with DWI for a comparison.Quality of the images,degree of vascular stenosis,and location of ischemic lesions were evaluated.Results The vascu-lar stenosis or occlusion was found in 33 patients,8 of whom were confirmed by the DSA.The ratio of better images of CTA was 82.5%.CTP showed 297 lesions with abnormal perfusion.202 lesions were confirmed as infarct by DWI,while 95 ones were nor-mal on DWI but with increased DLY and TTP and slightly decreased CBF and CBV in 49,increased DLY and TTP and normal CBF and CBV in 21,and increased DLY and TTP and slightly increased CBF and CBV in 25.Conclusion CT perfusion in combination with CTA by 320-slice CT with dual-low-dose is feasible and useful to observe accurately the vascular structures and the ischemic status of the whole brain at early stage.

Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Aged ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumors ; pathology ; Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Mesaconitine was incubated with rat liver microsomes in vitro. The metabolites of mesaconitine in rat liver microsomes were identified by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method with high resolution power. A typical reaction mixture of 100 mol L-1 Tris-HCI buffer (pH 7.4) containing 0.5 gL-1 microsomal protein and 50 micro molL-1 mesaconitine was prepared. The above reaction mixture was divided into six groups, and the volume of each group was 200 micro L. The incubation mixture was pre-incubated at 37 degrees C for 2 min and the reactions were initiated by adding NADPH generating system. After 90 min incubation at 37 degrees C, 200 micro L of acetonitrile was added to each group to stop the reaction. The metabolites of mesaconitine were investigated by UPLC-MS/MS method. Mesaconitine and 6 metabolites M1-M6 were found in the incubation system. The structures were characterized according to the data from MS/MS spectra and literatures. The metabolic reactions of mesaconitine in rat liver microsomes included the demethylation, deacetylation, dehydrogenation and hydroxylation. The major metabolic pathways of mesaconitine in rat liver microsomes were determined by UPLC-MS/MS on multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode combined with specific inhibitors of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms, including alpha-naphthoflavone (CYP1A2), quinine (CYP2D), diethyldithiocarbamate (CYP2E1), ketoconazole (CYP3A) and sulfaphenazole (CYP2C), separately. Mesaconitine was mainly metabolized by CYP3A. CYP2C and CYP2D were also more important CYP isoforms for the metabolism reactions of mesaconitine, but CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 haven't any contribution to MA metabolism in rat liver microsomes.
Aconitine ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A ; metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; metabolism ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Ketoconazole ; pharmacology ; Male ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Microsomes, Liver ; enzymology ; metabolism ; Quinine ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sulfaphenazole ; pharmacology ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Objective To investigate the impact of ethyl pyruvate (EP) on cognitive function and the expression of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) after splenectomy in aged rats.Methods Eighty-four male aged Sprague-Dawley rats, 18 months old, weighing 500-600 g, were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=21 each) by random number table method: control group (group C), surgery group (group S) ethyl pyruvate group (group E) and solution without EP group (group R).Morris water maze test was performed to evaluate cognitive function 5 days before surgery and 1, 3, 7 days after surgery.Group E was injected with EP 40 mg/kg intrapertoneally after splenectomy, group S and group C were injected with equivalent normal saline after splenectomy, group R was injected with equivalent solution without EP.Rats were killed after Morris water maze test, and the expression of HMGB1 and RAGE protein and mRNA in hippocampus were measured by Western blot and RT-PCR methods.Results Compared with group C, the escape latency and swimming distance were significantly prolonged in groups S, E and R 1 and 3 days after surgery, as well as the expression of HMGB1 and RAGE in hippocampus were significantly up-regulated (P＜0.05).Compared with group S, the escape latency and swimming distance were significantly decreased and the expression of HMGB1 and RAGE were down-regulated in group E 1 and 3 days after surgery (P＜0.05).Compared with the preoperative group, the escape latency and swimming distance were significantly prolonged in groups S, E and R 1 and 3 days after surgery (P＜0.05).Conclusion EP may improve cognitive function in aged rats by down regulating the expression of HMGB1 and RAGE in the hippocampus.

Using a UPLC-MS/MS (MRM) and cocktail probe substrates method, the metabolic fingerprint of the compatibility of Radix Aconite (RA) and Radix Paeoniae Alba (RPA) and its effect on CYP450 enzymes were investigated. These main CYP isoforms include CYP 1A2, CYP 2C, CYP 2E1, CYP 2D and CYP 3A. Compared with the inhibition effect of RA decoctions on CYP450 isoforms, their co-decoctions of RA and RPA with different proportions can decrease RA' inhibition on CYP3A, CYP2D, CYP2C and CYP1A2, but can not reduce RA' effect on CYP2E1. The metabolic fingerprints of RA decoction and co-decoctions with different proportions of RPA in CYP450 of rat liver were analyzed by UPLC-MS. Compared with the metabolic fingerprints of RA decoction, the intensity of diester-diterpenoid aconitum alkaloids decreased significantly, while the intensity of monoester-diterpenoid alkaloids significantly increased in the metabolic fingerprints of co-decoctions of RA and RPA. The results suggest that RA coadministration with RPA increased the degradation of toxic alkaloid and show the effect of toxicity reducing and efficacy enhancing.
Aconitum ; chemistry ; Alkaloids ; chemistry ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Metabolome ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Rats ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; pathology ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Breast Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; pathology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mastectomy ; Middle Aged ; Mucinoses ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Mucocele ; pathology ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Vimentin ; metabolism