MIC,according to which,the antibiotics frequently used for treating respiratory infections were divided into three groups:Time-dependent(with minimal or no PAE),Concentration-dependent(with PAE),Time-dependent and Concentration-enhanced(with PAE),In addition,the most appropriate antibiotic administration methods are also explored respectively in the article.Finally,several measures of preventing emergence of resistance are proposed based on the theory of MPC.

The procedure of treating prostate cancer is as the following: After local prostatectomy or radiotherapy or local palliative therapy, androgen-dependent prostate cancer(ADPC) should be given first-line endocrinal therapy. Almost all patients will be developed from ADPC to hormone independent prostate cancer (HIPC) after 14 ～ 30 months, including androgen-independent prostate cancer(AIPC) and hormone-refractory prostate cancer(HRPC). Second-line endocrinal therapy and chemotherapy should be given, respectively. Antibone metastasis therapy is given when bone metastasis occurred. All medical methods should be used rationally and comprehensively to improve the management of prostate cancer.

The bactericidal activity of serum and cere brospinal fluid (SBA and CBA)of ceftroiaxone (CTRX), cefotaxime(CTX) cefuroxime(CFR) in the patients undergoing surgery of skull and brain were studied by means of microdi luted method. The results showed antibacterial activity of CTRX against, enterobactericeae in vitro or in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was the highest, it is suggested that the schadule of CTRX per 12hr may be used in prevention and treatment of serious infections after surgery of skull and brain.The bacteria The SBA and CBA of CFR were less ,but its antibacterial spectrum was wide and bactezi cidal activity of CTX against gram positive strains and enterobactericeae in sencm and CSF were higher, CTX may be used in treatment of infections of nervous system caused by mixed bacteria, the cost was lower, so CFR may be selected in the moderate infections. The CBA was a synthesized guide reflexing the antibactieral activity and penetration into barrier, so it is impostand reference to select antibiotics of infection after surgery of skull and brain.

0.05; emphysema in animals inhaling diphosgene into lower rispiratory tract (LRT) alone was obvious with Pden (0.59?0.05) being different from that of control animals, P

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the feasibility and average infusion velocity of domestic atracurium by continuous in-fusion and to determine and validate its clinical valence.METHODS:80patients undergoing selective operation were treated with domestic atracurium0.5mg/kg to facilitate intubation under the flaccidity monitoring(TOF),the continuous infusion velocity was regulated during operation to keep the level of T 1 at1%～10%of the control value,the infusion was stopped20min before the termination of operation.RESULTS:The average infusion rate was(5.1?0.4)(?g?kg)/min,the drug effect starting time and duration of action of initial dose were(203?47)s and(41.5?4.5)min respectively;Significant correlations were found between the initial time of T 1 and PTC during the TOF reaction-free period and between TR value and DBS value at extubation time(P

Objective:To establish the pathological sample database and standardize pathology specimen management processes to provide a platform for the study of pathology samples. Methods: Using J2EE, JSP, and component object model technology, the system establish the pathological sample library work platform for the pathology network resources, documentation, and intelligent. Results:The system established pathology samples and workflow management system architecture for the collection, storage and analysis of pathology specimens. Conclusion:The system designed to enhance the authenticity and credibility of the sample test results, thereby improve the accuracy of the sample analysis and provides a good reference for information technology-related departments.

Based on the systematic review on acupuncture improving the mechanism of central nervous system in animal model of myocardial ischemia in recent years, we analyzed the effects of acupuncture on medulla oblongata rVLM zone, hippocampus, hypothalamus, spinal cord segment and automalic to the mechanism of positively regulating myocardial ischemic, which provided a new way for the clinical treatment of myocardial ischemia and cardiovascular diseases.

Objective Utilizing the characters of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate known as a specific inhibitor of NF‐κB and imidapril known as a specific inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme ,this study was to initially investigate the relationship between NF‐κBp65 and AngⅡ during the process of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury .Methods Rat models of myocardial ischemia reper‐fusion injury were successfully established .The observation point is 60 min of reperfusion after 30 min(I30 min R60 min ) ischemia ,the DNA activate of NF‐κBp65 was detected by ELISA ;the content of AngⅡ in blood plasma and cardiac were determined by radioim‐munoassay .We pretreated with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate ,imidapril ,and both of them to observe changes of the same indexs .Re‐sults Compared with I30 min R60 min ,Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate ,Imidapril and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate add imidapril could all ob‐viously inhibit NF‐κBp65 activation and depress the content of Ang Ⅱ in blood plasm and cardiac ,the pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate add imidapril was most obviously .Conclusion During the process of myocardial ischemia‐reperfusion injury ,NF‐κBp65 had been activated ,and the content of Ang Ⅱ in blood plasm and cardiac had increased .NF‐κBp65 and AngⅡ could influence and promote each other during myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury .

Objective To investigate if apoptosis induced by arsenic trioxide(As_2O_3)on bladder cancer T24 cell line is related to the alteration of protein kinase C and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (PKC-cAMP)and its possible mechanism.Methods Apoptosis was studied by TUNEL method.Radio- immunoassay and enzyme immunoassay methods were used to detect the PKC-cAMP alteration in apoptotic process.The expressions and activation of caspase3 were observed by immunocytochemical method and Western blot.Results Atter 24-h drug treatment,the cell apoptosis induced by different concentrations of As_2O_3 was detected by TUNEL method.In control group,the apoptosis rate was 0.86%;PKC level was 2.55 pmol?min~(-1)??g~(-1);cAMP concentration was 22.56 pmol/ml;the expression rate of caspase3 was 8.01%.Compared with control group,the apoptosis rates of 5?mol/L and 10?mol/L As_2O_3 groups increased 8.51-fold and 13.33-fold,respectively;PKC Level decreased 59.22% and 64.71%,respectively;cAMP in- creased 5.34-fold and 4.23-fold,respectively;expression rates of caspase3 increased 3.96-fold and 6.76- fold,respectively.The differences were significant(P＜0.05).Compared with As_2O_3 groups,apoptosis rates of 5?mol/L and 10?mol/L As_2O_3+100nmol/L phorbol 12-myristate 13-aectate(PMA)groups decreased 40.22% and 45.58%,respectively;PKC increased 1.00-fold and 0.76-told,respectively;cAMP decreased 8.37% and 31.46%,respectively;expression rates of caspase3 decreased 51.09% and 65.03%,respective- ly.Activation of caspase3 was detected in As_2O_3-treated groups and As_2O_3+100 nmol/L PMA-treated groups;and activations of caspase3 in PMA-treated groups were weaker than those in As_2O_3-treated groups. Conclusions The antitumor mechanism of As_2O_3 may be the induction of bladder cancer T24 cell apopto- sis by decreasing PKC and increasing cAMP level.

Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms ; pathology ; Nose Neoplasms ; secondary ; Skin Neoplasms ; secondary