0.05). CONCLUSION: The established quality standard can be used for the quality control of Pyrus ussuriensis.

ObjectiveTo explore the method of preparing the tube from chitosan and study the biocompatibility between blood and chitosan. Methods3％ chitosan-based hydrolgels were pro-duced from acetic acid and chitosan. The needles coated with chitosan were submerged in NaOHaqueous solutions. The tubes of chitosan were taken off from the needle. The portosystemic shuntswere created using the tube of chitosan. This model without heparin was observed whether the intes-tinal congestion developed or not. ResultsIt was shown that the chitosan-based tube has blood in 8rats went back to veinal system. ConclusionIt was easy to prepare the tube from chitosan. Thetubes have an excellent biocompatibility with blood.

Objective To study the genes modulated during plasma cell development and their regulating network. Methods The changes of gene expression during differentiation from mature B cells to plasma cells were studied using cDNA microarray and RT PCR. Results The gene expression profile during plasma cell differentiation was established. During mature B cell plasma cell differentiation, numerous genes were modulated, including genes involving immunity, cell growth, survival, and signal transduction. The expressions of several molecules in the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathways, such as Ig?, Ig?, Lyn, Syk, BLNK, SWAP 70, and SHP 1 were down regulated. The decreased expression of some of these molecules might be associated with the down regulation of the transcription factor BSAP. Conclusion During plasma cell differentiation, molecules involving BCR signaling pathways are down regulated.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficiency of using Succinylcholine as premedication for non-urgency intubation in prematurity.Methods During Jan.to Jul.2007,in Ottawa General Hospital and Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario NICU,the prematurity who were received non-urgency intubation were divided into 2 groups as premedication group(group A)and non-premedication group(group B).Premedications in group A were applied Atropine,Fentanyl and Succinylcholine;premedications in group B were applied Atropine and Fentanyl.The same procedures were done according to the protocol in 2 groups.The basical information,one attempt successful intubation,total attempts,Goldberg scores and side effects were compared between both groups.Results Forty-four cases were involved in the study,25 cases in group A,19 cases in group B,there was no significant difference in patients' basical information between both groups.One attempt successful intubation was 56.0%(14 cases)in group A,higher than that in group B [21.1%(4 cases)],which had significant diffe-rence between 2 groups(P0.05).Conclusions Atropine,Fentanyl and Succinylcholine are safe as the premedication used in prematurity,which can improve one attempt successful intubation avoiding glottal injury of repeating attempts.It also can helps young physician to be familiar with the intubation techniques,premedication is recommended to teaching hospital.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) results from the interaction of many pathological factors. Studies show that a high incidence of ED is associated with chronic diseases of various systems, and its pathogenesis is not fully understood. This article outlines the progress in recent studies on the impact of chronic diseases on erectile function.
Chronic Disease ; Erectile Dysfunction ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Penile Erection ; physiology

BACKGROUND: Studies showed cellular adhesion molecule and neurotrophic factor secreted from olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) could protect the spinal neurons and promote the regeneration of spinal axon. OBJECTIVE: To compare the competence to repair spinal cord injury between olfactory mucosa OECs and olfactory bulb OECs. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized control animal experiment was performed in the central laboratory of Xidian Group Hospital between June 2007 and June 2008. MATERIALS: Twelve male SD rats were randomized selected and divided into experiment group (n=6, 23 months old) and control group (n=6, 3 months old). They were used for in vitro culture and purification of OECs; other 30 SD rats were randomized into three groups of 10 rats each: neonatal rat olfactory bulb OECs transplantation group, normal olfactory mucosa OECs transplantation group and blank control group.METHODS: Spinal cord injury models were produced in 30 rats, which were transplanted with the neonatal rat or SD rat OECs cultured in vitro. No transplant was given in the control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: At 4 and 8 weeks postoperation, the Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) score for nerve function, the evoked potential of legs and the histopathological diversify of injured spinal cord. RESULTS: Seven rats died dudng the experiment process, and the death rate was similar between groups. At 4 and 8 weeks postoperation, there was no significant difference in the BBB scores between neonatal rat olfactory bulb OECs transplantation group and normal olfactory mucosa OECs transplantation group (P > 0.05), which were both significantly higher than blank control group (P < 0.001); the BBB scores in two transplantation groups were higher at 8 weeks than at 4 weeks (P < 0.01 ). At 4 weeks postoperaUon, no animal was shown to elicit motion evoked potential, but it was present in two transplantation groups at 8 weeks, with no significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05). The blank control group had still no motion evoked potential (P < 0.001 ). At 8 weeks postoperation, more cell infiltrations were found in the injured spinal cord of two transplantation groups, while few in the control group.CONCLUSION: Both OECs dissociated from olfactory bulb and olfactory mucosa have the same ability to repair the injured spinal cord, and their effect is similar.

ObjectiveThe aim of this paper is to investigate more effective ways in postgraduate academic training and research management by analysis of the scientific papers published in graduate school period.MethodsThe categories,quantity and quality of the scientific papers published by postgraduate students in Beijing Neurosurgical Institute from 2001 to 2010 were analyzed statistically.ResultsThe quantity of papers published by postgraduate students has been stably improved year by year,and the quality of the papers has shown an obvious tendency of increasing.ConclusionsAn outstanding research capability of the whole institute,the strict demand of supervisors and the reasonable encouraging systems in scientific research management are all the guarantee of the improvement of academic research ability of postgraduate students in Beijing Neurosurgical Institute.

Objective To investigate the distribution regularity of TCM science basic syndrome for multilple sclerosis (MS}. Methods Through retrospective analysis for general data of case 223 patients and the information of TCM diagnosis with the method of case analysis and modem mathematical statistic, the syndrome types of the case collected were established. Results General fatigue, weariness and no desire to speak, quadriplegia, megrim, acroanesthesia and so on, which reflect the main symptoms of MS, with occurrence frequency of above 60 percent. Five basic symptoms: Syndrome of haemostasis blocking collaterals (18.0%), dark purple tongue is the most important factor; Syndrome of dampness-heat blocking collaterals (17.2%), yellow greasy furred tongue is the important factor; Syndrome of yin-asthenia and obstruction of collateral (14.8%), rapid and thining pulse is the important factor; Syndrome of endogenous wind of liver and obstruction of collateral due to wind-phlegm (14.1%), physical convulsion is the important factor; Syndrome of asthenia of both qi and blood, and channel qi unfavorable (35.9%), feeble pulse is the important factor. Conclusion The location of MS is channels and collaterals. The characteristic of MS is haemostasis, moist heat, deficiency of yin and wind-sputum, deficiency of qi and blood. General fatigue, weariness and no desire to speak, quadriplegia, megrim, acroanesthesia and so on are the main characteristics of MS.

Objective To investigate the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of pneumocystis cari-nii pneumonia (PCP) at early stage after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Method The clinical data of 276 patients undergoing OLT were retrospectively analyzed and those of 6 cases complicated with PCP were summarized from January 2005 to December 2005. Results The morbidity of PCP in our group was 2.17% and occurred in early stage after OLT. The average time on set was (11.17?2.50) days and uneasily controlled hypoxemia was the main manifestation. The diagnosis of PCP was established by clinical symptoms, chest X-ray, chest CT, pneumocystis carinii PCR detection and visualization of PC encysts from sputum samples under a microscope. SMZco was the initial choice of treatment combined with immunosuppressive regimen regulation. Five cases were cured and 1 case died from septic shock. Conclusion PCP can occur among OLT patients in the early stage, and aggressive early diagnosis and treatment were critical to improve the prognosis.

Objective] The article explores and analyses the clinical dialectical experience of my postgraduate tutor in the treatment on chronic abdominal pain of children. [Methods]From following professor Sang Gao clinical studies,summarize the experience and thoughts of treating chronic abdominal pain of children,and with a case. [Results]My tutor believes that the pathogenesis of chronic abdominal pain of children caused by weakness of middle energizer, disorder of Qi, which lead to the spleen deficiency and qi stagnation, to cure the disease must treat with liver and spleen together, with activating the spleen and regulating the liver, harmonizing stomach and relieving pain as a rule which can achieve good effect. [Conclusion] Activating the spleen and regulating the liver is an effective treatment, it is worthy of in-depth study and promotion.