Objective To study the percentages of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), mononuclear cells (MNC) and fibroblastic cells (FBC) in different post-traumatic intervals after skeletal muscle me-chanical injury in rats. Methods The rat model of skeletal muscle mechanical injury was established. The rats were divided into injured groups (6 h, 12 h, 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, 10 d and 14 d after injury ) and con-trol group. The percentages of PMN, MNC and FBC in different post-traumatic intervals after skeletal muscle mechanical injury were assessed with HE staining and image analysis. Results At post-injury 6-12 h, the percentages of PMN and MNC infiltration appeared in injured sites and that of PMN reached peak. At 1 d, the percentage of MNC infiltration appeared and reached peak, while that of PMN de-creased. At 3-7 d, the percentage of FBC gradually increased, while that of PMN and MNC decreased. At 10-14 d, the percentage of FBC reached peak. Conclusion The percentages of PMN, MNC and FBC in injured zones showed time-dependent changes, which might be used as reference index for determination of age of skeletal muscle injury.

13 2 mmol/L. Results:The incidence of diabetes in the treated group was 31 6% which was obviously less than 72 2% in control group ( P

Objective To observe the application of allopurinol in the treatment of gouty nephropathy, and evaluate its clinical effect on the level of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen. Methods Patients with gouty nephropathy from April 2015 to May 2017 in Xining first people's hospital 126 patients as the research object, divided into observation group and control group of 63 cases with double blind random method, given the reference group of patients basic treatment, the observation group treated with allopurinol in the reference group on the basis, effects were compared between the two groups the clinical therapeutic effect and serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, blood pressure level. Results After 12 months of therapy, compared two groups of patients before treatment, serum uric acid, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, blood pressure (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure) were improved, and the observation group was obviously better than that of control group (P<0.05); the observation group total efficiency of treatment group was 88.89％ (56/63), the reference group was 74.60％ (47/63), with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Allopurinol can be used in the treatment of gouty nephropathy. It can help to improve the clinical effect and improve the clinical symptoms of the patients. It is of practical value.

Osteoporosis is a progressive metabolic disease. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), deficiency of the liver, spleen and kidney and blood stasis can induce osteoporosis. The main etiology was kidney deficiency which harmed the liver and spleen and causeqi-blood deficiency and blood stasis. The insufficiency of natural endowment and postnatal malnutrition caused poor nutrition of tendons and vessels, which induced debility of bone. This article discussed the etiology and pathogenesis of TCM understanding on osteoporosis in details. Opportunities and challenges of TCM in osteoporosis treatment were explored. The homology of Chinese medicine and food as well as the long-term of osteoporosis showed that TCM had incomparable superiority in osteoporosis treatment. While, the scientific research methods and reasonable evaluation of TCM safety were important to display its advantages in osteoporosis treatment.

Objective To research the relation between the time-dependent appearances of myofibroblasts during the repair of contused skeletal muscle in rat and wound age determination. Methods A total of 35 SD male rats were divided into the control and six injured groups according to wound age as fol-lows: 12 h, 1 d, 5 d, 7 d, 10 d and 14 d after injury. The appearances of myofibroblasts were detected by HE staining, immunohistochemistry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Masson’s trichrome staining was utilized to examine collagen accumulation in the contused areas. Results Immunohistochemical stain-ing showed that α-SMA+ myofibroblasts were initially observed at 5 d post-injury. The average ratio of myofibroblasts was highest at 14 d post-injury, with all samples, ratios more than 50%. In the other five groups, the average of α-SMA positive ratios were less than 50%. The collagen stained areas in the contused zones, concomitant with myofibroblast appearance, were increasingly augmented along with ad-vances of posttraumatic interval. Conclusion The immunohistochemical detection of myofibroblasts can be applied to wound age determination. The myofibroblasts might be involved in collagen deposition during the repair of contused skeletal muscle in rat.

Objective To investigate the expressions of toll-like receptor 4 mRNA and nuclear factor-κB (TLR4-NF-κB) mRNA in lung tissue of rats with acute paraquat poisoning.Methods Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups,namely normal saline group (NS group,n =6) and the PQ groups (n =24).The rats of PQ group were administered with 20 mg/kg PQ by intraperitoneal injection to establish the models of PQ induced lung injury.The saline was administered once instead in normal saline group.The rats of PQ group were sacrificed separately at 6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h and 72 hours after modeling,while at 6 hours the rats of normal saline group was sacrificed.The expressions of TLR4 mRNA,NF-κB mRNA,and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 in lung (serum) of rats were detected.Meanwhile,pathological changes of the lung tissue were examined under optical microscope.Results There were no histopathological changes such as alveolar edema,hemorrhage and inflammatory cell infiltration found in NS group other than in PQ group.At the 72 h,the expressions of TLR4 mRNA (9.61 ±0.21),NF-κB mRNA (5.62 ± 0.24),and the levels of TNF-α (153.08 ± 5.02) pg/ml,and interleukin-6 (230.08 ± 10.64) pg/mL in lung tissue of rats were significantly higher in PQ group than those in control group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions In rats after PQ poisoning,the expressions of TLR4 mRNA,NF-κB mRNA,and the levels of TNF-αand IL-6 were higher than those in normal rats,and the TLR4-NF-κB pathway could play an important role in lung injury of rats with PQ poisoning.

Objective To evaluate the effects of Cypher~(TM) Stent on endothelium regeneration and platelet activation after angioplasty. Methods Six mongrel dogs were implanted Cypher~(TM) stent and Bx sonic stent in the same artery.The target vessels were ablated after angiography and observed by scanning electron microscope at one month and three months after implantation of stents respectively.Result At one month,target vessels of Cypher~(TM) stent were covered with endothelium partly and platelet activation was observed.Target vessels of Bx sonic stent were entirely covered with endothelium and platelet activation wasn't observed.Three months later,target vessels of Cypher~(TM) stent and Bx sonic stent were entirely covered with endothelium and there was no platelet activation on the vessel surface for both groups.Conclusion Endothelium regeneration after implantation of Cypher~(TM) stent was much slower than that of implantation of bare metallic stent,and at three months,the endothelialization was finished.Intensive anti-platelet therapy should be considered after implantation of Cypher~(TM) stent.

Aim To investigate the effect of curcumin against high-fat-diet induced C57BL/6J mice bone changes and the correlation between the expression of cathepsin K and curcumin.Methods Curcumin treated C57BL/6J mice had been on high fat diet for 12 weeks.The HE, Alizarin red S staining and Safranin O/fast green staining of femur were employed to evaluate bone microstructure, bone metabolism and bone development.The expressions of cathepsin K were assessed by Western blot and immunohistochemical staining.Results Histopathological results showed that curcumin could improve the destruction of trabecular bone structure, cartilage development and bone calcification.Biomechanical results proved that curcumin could improve the bone strength of the type 2 diabetic mice induced by high fat.The results of immunohistochemistry and Western blot assay indicated that curcumin could significantly inhibit the expression of cathepsin K in bone tissues of mice.Conclusion Curcumin can increase bone strength, improve bone microstructure, and enhance the degree of bone calcification, which may be achieved by inhibiting the expression of cathepsin K.

Objective:To identify and improve the weakness in different clinical practice teaching hospital,and enhance the quality of practical teaching.Methods:A total of 291 trainees majoring in clinical medicine in grade 2016 in a medical college in Shenyang who practiced in different clinical teaching hospitals and participated in the objective structured clinical examination(OSCE)were enrolled.The OSCE scores was analyzed with one way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis statistic methods to identify the weakness in clinical practice teaching and improve the teaching quality.Results:In the standardized patient consultation and physical examination results,the passing rate and average score of H hospital was the lowest.The average score of trainees in H hospital was statistically significant compared to that in A,B,F,G,K,and L hospitals(P＜0.01).In terms of skill operation scores,H hospital had the lowest pass rate and average score.The average score of interns in H hospital was statistically significant compared to that in A,D,E,F,G,I,J,K hospitals(P＜0.01).In the interpretation of auxiliary examination results,the passing rate and average score of H hospital was the lowest.The average score of interns in A and H hospital was significantly different from that of B and J hospitals(P＜0.01).Conclusions:There are great differences in the practice effect of students in different clinical teaching hospitals.Medical colleges and universities should strengthen the management of clinical teaching hospitals to ensure the homogeneity of clinical practice teaching quality.

Objective:To establish mechanical stress-induced hypertrophic scar mouse models, and to examine the roles of interleukin-6/signal transduction and activator of transcription 3 (IL-6/STAT3) pathway and β-catenin.Methods:The experimental research method was used. Sixteen female C57/BL6 mice of 12-week-old were collected and two straight full-thickness skin incisions of 2 cm in length were inflicted on the back of each mouse. On the fourth day post injury, the two wounds on the back of each mouse were divided into mechanical traction group and blank control group according to the random number table method, with 16 wounds in each group. The wounds in mechanical traction group were given continuous mechanical traction for 14 days, while the wounds in blank control group were given no treatment. After 14 days of mechanical traction for wounds in mechanical traction group, the appearances of the scar tissue in wounds of 2 groups were visually observed, and the areas of scars were measured; the morphological changes of the scar tissue in wounds of 2 groups were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the cross-sectional areas of scars were measured; the content of IL-6 in supernatant of the scar tissue in wounds of 2 groups was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; the protein expression of phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) of the scar tissue in wounds of 2 groups was detected by Western blotting; and the expression of β-catenin of the scar tissue in wounds of 2 groups was detected by immunohistochemistry. Data were statistically analyzed with paired sample t test. Results:Red hairless area similar to human scar tissue formed in wounds of mechanical traction group after 14 days of mechanical traction, with large area of scar, thickened local area, hardened texture, and some even slightly raised, while scar in wounds of blank control group was linear and not obvious. After 14 days of mechanical traction for wounds in mechanical traction group, the scar area of wounds in mechanical traction group was (5.65±0.95) mm 2, which was significantly larger than (1.07±0.28) mm 2 in blank control group ( t=26.333, P<0.01). After 14 days of mechanical traction for wounds in mechanical traction group, the skin appendages of scar tissue were absent, and the dermis hyperplasia was active and obviously thickened, while skin appendages of scar tissue of wounds in blank control group were still present, with unconspicuous dermis hyperplasia; the cross-sectional area of scar in wounds of mechanical traction group was (0.82±0.23) mm 2, which was significantly larger than (0.29±0.07) mm 2 of blank control group ( t=8.879 , P<0.01). After 14 days of mechanical traction for wounds in mechanical traction group, the content of IL-6 in the supernatant of scar tissue and the protein expression of p-STAT3 in scar tissue of wounds in mechanical traction group were significantly higher than those in blank control group ( t=37.552, 25.863, P<0.01). The expression of β-catenin was high in the scar tissue of wounds in mechanical traction group after 14 days of mechanical traction, while that in blank control group was low. Conclusions:The study successfully establishes mechanical stress-induced hypertrophic scar mouse models. Mechanical stress can participate in wound healing and induce scar hyperplasia of mice wounds through continuous or overexpression of IL-6/STAT3 pathway, and β-catenin can also promote the formation of hypertrophic scar.