Objective To investigate the influence of proinflammatory factor interleukin-18(IL-18) on vein endothelial cell function by activating NF-κB mediated cell signal pathway and its association with deep vein thrombosis(DVT).Methods Recombinant human IL-18 was used to act on in vitro cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cell(HUVECs).The NF-κB activation inhibitor was used to conduct interference.The detection measures of real time fluorescence quantitative PCR,Western blot,immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were used to verify whether IL-18 affect the expression of endothelial cellular function markers such as HUVECs normal statusand vWF,P-selectin and tissue plasminogen activator(t-PA) by activating NF-κB mediated cell signal pathway.Moreover the mechanism of IL-18 participating in the DVT was performed the comprehensive analysis by combining with previous study.Results IL-18 could activate NF-κB in endothelial cell,increased the p65 expression in nucleus,decreased the intracellular IκBα expression and significantly increased early apoptosis cells in HUVECs;adding QNZ(EVP4593) could significantly inhibit the activation effect of IL-18 on NF-κB,the occurrence of cellular injury and apoptosis was significantly reduced;IL-18 could promote the abnormal expression of DVT related endothelial cell markers vWF,P-selectin and t-PA (P<0.05).But various markers could recover conventional expression after inhibiting NF-κB activation.Conclusion The interaction between Il-18 and NF-κB causes the abnormality of HUVECs growth status and function,which may be the DVT onset related pathogenic mechanism.

Objective To investigate the association between the signaling pathways of MCP-1-pCDH-GFP-trans?fected cells and deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Methods The cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were tested by immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation methods. The constructed MCP-1 over-expression/interfer?ence vector, and the change of transcription profile were detected by microarray assay and biological information technology analysis. Results MCP-1 over-expression/interference vector MCP-1-pCDH-GFP/MCP-1-LMP shRNAmir1 was con?structed and HUVECs were transfected. According to the microarray analysis we found that there were 18 down-expressed signaling pathways and 7 up-expressed signaling pathways in MCP-1-pCDH-GFP-transfected cells. There were 60 down-expressed signaling pathways and 15 up-expressed signaling pathways in the MCP-1-LMP shRNAmir1 transfected cells. Conclusion Signaling pathways of MCP-1 plays an important role in DVT formation,which may provide us a new way to study molecular mechanism of DVT.

Objective To investigate the correlation between IL‐18 and deep venous thrombosis disease and its clinical significa‐tion .Methods To detect the expression of IL‐18 by ELISA ,we collected the blood samples of DVT patients as the experimental group(n=40) compared to the control group(n=40) and normal group(n=20) .IL‐18 over expression/interference vectors were constructed and transfected human vein endothelial cells ,analyzed by microarray and KEGG Pathway as biology information tech‐nology .Then discuss the association between IL‐18 and DVT .Results Results of ELISA showed that compared with control group and normal group ,the expression of IL‐18 gene in DVT patient were up‐regulated(F=11 .248 ,P<0 .01) .Compared with normal group ,the IL‐18 expression in control group have not been significantly up‐regulated(P>0 .05) .Immunofluorescence detected IL‐18 gene expression in cytoplasm of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) .According to the microarray analysis we found in the IL18‐pCDH‐GFP transfected cells 17 signaling pathways were down‐expressed while 16 signaling pathways were up‐expressed .Compared with normal group cells ,in the IL18‐LMP‐shRNAmir1 transfected cells 23 signaling pathways were down‐ex‐pressed and 9 signaling pathways were up‐expressed .Conclusion Based on the above experimental data ,it is very clear that IL‐18 influenced HUVECs and plays an important role in DVT ,it is possible to predict the diagnosis of DVT and act as candidate molecu‐lar markers .

BACKGROUND:Studies in recent years have demonstrated that arginase Ⅰ contribute to the process of numerous cardiovascular diseases,however,most of studies focus on arteries,few regarding venous diseases.OBJECTIVE:To explore the changes of arginase Ⅰ expression in rat traumatic deep venous thrombosis models,and to analyze the possible function of arginase Ⅰ in deep venous thrombosis formation.METHODS:Totally 100 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control and model groups.Traumatic deep venous thrombosis models were established by clamping the femoral vein and immobilizing the bilateral hind limbs (hip spica cast fixation),and assigned into initial thrombosis,peak thrombosis and non-thrombosis groups according to different observing time points and pathophysiological situations of thrombosis.Whole blood RNA of each group was extracted,and the change of arginase I expression in blood cells of each group was detected by real-time PCR.RESULTS AND CONCLUSUON:Expression of arginase Ⅰ in the peak thrombosis group was significantly increased compared with other 3 groups (P < 0.01).There were no significances among control,initial thrombosis and non-thrombosis groups (P > 0.05).The finding demonstrated that arginase Ⅰ is closely related to deep vein thrombosis formation.

Objective To investigate the community structure and spatial distribution of wild myomorpha in the plague foci of Lianghe County,Yunnan Province.Methods From December 2015 to October 2016,in Mangdong,Hexi,Nangsong and other places in Lianghe County,forest landscape samples were randomly selected in different altitude gradients (1 000 ～,1 200 ～,1 400 ～,≥ 1 600 m).Peanut was used as a bait for trapping myomorpha,and the community structure of myomorpha was analyzed.Results A total of 663 myomorpha were collected and the density was 7.97％ (663/8 320),which were divided into 16 species,11 genus,5 families,and 3 orders.Rattus tanezumi (30.62％,203/663) was the dominant species.In the 1 000-＜ 1 200 m altitude gradient,the richness of myomorpha was the highest (13 kinds).In the 1 400-＜ 1 600 m altitude gradient,the index of diversity (2.094 2) was the highest.With the increase of altitude,the ecological dominance were increased,and the values were 0.672 2,0.774 2,0.842 8,and 0.882 4,respectively,whereas the evenness presented a decreasing trend,and the values were 0.269 2,0.197 1,0.142 8,and 0.162 0.Conclusions The Rattus tanezumi has presented a single dominant distribution at different elevation and the number and the species of the wild rodent with superior position have increased with the altitude increased in Lianghe focus.With the increase of altitude,the diversity and the evenness have increased,whereas the richness and the dominance have decreased.

Objective To investigate the geographic landscape features in Yulong plague natural focus.Methods Four altitudinal gradients (2 400-,2 600-,2 800-,≥3 000 m) were selected as study objects in Yulong plague natural focus from December 2015 to November 2016 to collect and analyze geographic landscape factors (topography and terrain,climate,water areas,vegetation and soil) based on the literatures about this plague focus.Results Yulong plague natural focus was an area with mid-mountain and subalpine topography in northwestern Yunnan Province,and its terrain had the character of lower in the southeast and higher in the northwest.This area belonged to plateau warm temperate monsoon climate of low latitude with an average month temperature 13.6 ℃ from 2005-2016,month air relative humidity averaged 59.4％,and rainfall averaged 884.5 mm a year,which concentrated mostly from June to September.About 98.1％ of the water area in Yulong County was controlled by Chin-sha River.The vegetation and soil were characterized by vertical distribution along with altitude gradients obviously.Conclusion The unique geographical landscape of the plague natural focus in Yulong County is one of important factors affecting the occurrence and epidemic of the plague.

Objective To compare and analyze the soil eight metal elements contents of rat holes of three plague foci in Yunnan Province.Methods The soils were collected from the rat holes in Yulong,Jianchuan,and Lianghe plague foci.Calcium (Ca),iron (Fe),zinc (Zn),chromium (Cr),lead (Pb),manganese (Mn),cadmium (Cd),and copper (Cu) were quantified with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS).Data input,calculation and collation were conducted through Excel 2007,and statistical software SPSS 20.0 was used to carried out statistical analysis through rank sum test.Results The medians of Ca content in the rat hole soil of Yulong County,Jianchuan County,and Lianghe County,respectively,were 85.40,308.56,and 0.00 mg/kg;the medians of Fe were 2 569.07,1 950.16,and 975.72 mg/kg;the medians of Zn were 5.64,4.02,and 2.04 mg/kg;the medians of Cr were 1.09,3.06,and 0.71 mg/kg;the medians of Pb were 3.61,29.56,and 22.80 mg/kg;the medians of Mn were 223.01,212.97,and 80.43 mg/kg;the medians of Cd were 0.00,2.02,and 2.94 mg/kg;and the medians of Cu were 1.92,1.08,and 0.51 mg/kg.The contents of eight metal elements were statistically different in the soil samples between Yulong,Jianchuan,and Lianghe plague foci (H =80.538,127.687,202.583,185.359,124.747,150.057,91.346,228.546,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The content of Fe in soil of the three plague foci in Yunnan Province is abundant.The contents of metal elements of Yulong County and Jianchuan County are similar.

Objective:To detect and analyze the contents of eight metal elements in water samples of plague foci in Yunnan Province.Methods:During the period from December 2015 to November 2016, the plague foci of Yulong, Jianchuan and Lianghe were selected as sampling sites, water samples were collected in areas with rodent activities in the 4 seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter. The contents of eight metal elements calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), plumbum (Pb), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd) and cuprum (Cu) in water samples were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), and the data [median (interquartile distance)] were statistically analyzed.Results:Twenty-six, 58 and 54 water samples were collected from Yulong, Jianchuan and Lianghe plague foci, respectively. The contents of metal elements of Pb and Cd in water samples of the three plague foci [Yulong: 0.19 (0.78) and 0.08 (0.07) mg/L; Jianchuan: 0.23 (0.56) and 0.03 (0.06) mg/L; Lianghe: 0.13 (0.61) and 0.09 (0.08) mg/L] were higher than that of "Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water" (Pb: 0.10 mg/L, Cd: 0.01 mg/L). There were significant differences in the contents of Ca and Cd elements among the three regions ( P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the contents of the other 6 metal elements among the three regions ( P > 0.05). The content of Ca element was the highest in Yulong plague foci, and the lowest in Lianghe plague foci ( P < 0.017). In the Yulong plague foci, there was no statistically significant difference in the content of Fe element in different seasons ( P > 0.05), and the differences in the contents of the other 7 metal elements were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the content of Cr element in Jianchuan plague foci in different seasons ( P > 0.05), and the differences in the content of the other 7 metal elements were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the content of Ca element in Lianghe plague foci in different seasons ( P > 0.05), and the differences in the content of the other 7 metal elements were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:The metal element contents of Pb and Cd are relatively abundant in water samples from 3 plague foci of Yunnan Province, and the seasonal variation trend of metal element content in water samples of Yulong and Jianchuan plague foci is similar.