Objective　To observe the effects of repeated subconvulsive electrical stimulations to hippocampus on rat's emotional behavior and spatial learning and memory. Mehtods　The hippocampus of Wistar rats were repeatedly stimulated by constant pulsating current with intratrain frequencies of 16 Hz, pulsating duration of 1 ms, train duration of 10 s and interstimulus interval of 7 min for 5 days. Results　The experimental rats displayed the long-term significant abnormalities of emotional behaviors, such as substantial changes of behavioral habits, hyperarousal, hypersensitive frightened reactions, anxiety-like behaviors, and transitory spatial learning and memory disorder. Conclusion　The stable and practical animal model satisfied most characteristics of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

De Lange Syndrome ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature

ObjectiveTo determine the clinicopathological characteristics, the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of anorectal malignant melanoma. MethodsRetrospective analysis was unducted for the clinical manifestation,treatment and prognosis of11 cases of anorectal malignant melanoma confirmed by surgery and pathology from 1978 to 1999. Results Of the 11 patients,7 had hematochezia of various degrees and suffered pain surrounding the auns.Seven patients had been misdiagnosed before the operation.The median survival time was 18 months,the longest survivor 39 months.ConclusionsAnorectal malignant melanoma is a highly malignant with early metastasis and poor prognosis.Radical surgery combined with chemotherapy,immunotherapy and biotherapy may be more effective.

Septic encephalopathy( SE) is defined as diffuse brain dysfunction that related to systemic inflammatory response and without clinical or laboratory evidence of central nervous system infection.SE is one of the most common complications of patients with severe sepsis.Its pathogenesis is very complex and is not yet clear.The clinical manifestations of SE varied and have no specificity, mainly for changes of con-sciousness and mental status.The performance of electroencephalography is more sensitive,and is associated with prognosis.Somatosensory evoked potentials could display the damage of cortical or subcortical path-ways.Brain MRI has a more accurate assessment of the nature and the extent of brain damage.SE is a diag-nosis of exclusion.Before the diagnosis of SE,we need to exclude other encephalitis and encephalopathy.The morbidity and mortality of SE are high.It requires close attention,early detection and timely treatment.

Azacitidine belongs to a novel family of demethylation antitumor drug.Foreign clinical researches have demonstrated that it may be a low toxic and effective choice for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia,whose physical conditions are too poor to sustain intensive chemotherapy.This review will summarize recent reports on azacitidine in the treatment of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics and treatment of primary appendicular tumor. Methods The clinical data of 13 patients with primary appendicular tumor treated in our hospital from 1979 to 1999 were retrospectively analyzed. Results The primary appendicular tumors included 4 cases of mucinous tumor, 5 cases of carcinoid, 3 cases of adenocarcinoma and 1 case of leiomyosarcoma. None was diagnosed correctly before operation. All 13 cases were treated by operation. Right hemicolectomy was performed in carcinoid, diameter of which was longer than 1cm, right hemicolectomy and regional lymphadenectomy were performed in adenocarcinoma, and the other five cases were only received appendectomy. The patients were in good general condition after operation. Conclusions Primary appendicular tumor lacked particular symptoms, and the rate of misdiagnosis was extremely high. Barium radiography and ultrasonography were helpful for diagnosis. Intraoperative frozen section detection was very important for diagnosis. Operation is a principle therapy, and suitable operation plan may be key factor for improving the prognosis of the patients with appendicular tumor.

Objective To study the early diagnosis and treatment of liver trauma.Methods Retrospective(analysis) of the clinical data of different therapeutic means for liver trauma was made on 124 cases of liver trauma.Of these, 99 patients underwent operative treatment and 25 patients nonoperative treatment .Results In nonoperative treatment group ,22 patients were cured and 3 patients changed to operation.In operative treatment group, including 3 non-opcrative treatment patients changed to opcration,95 patients were cured ,7 patients died.In this series,the cure rate was 94.4%(117/124); mortality rate was 5.6%(7/124),including 5 patients who died of major blood vessel injury ,and 2 patients who died of multiple organ failure. All patients with postoperative(complications) were cured, including subphrenic infection in 3(cases), hepatic(abscess) in 6 cases , pleural(hydrops) in 8 cases, incisional infection in 7 cases,and(intraabdominal)(abscess) in 2 cases. Conclutions Type I liver trauma can be treated by(nonoperation) ; type II～IV blunt liver trauma can be treated by(nonoperation) under the condition of hemodynamic stability and(intensive)(monitoring) .Type II～VI liver trauma accompanied by massive intra-abdominal bleeding and(injury) of other(organs) should be (operated) (emergently .)

Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Endometriosis ; drug therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy

Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Hearing Loss ; etiology ; Humans ; Noise, Occupational ; adverse effects ; Occupational Diseases ; etiology ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; adverse effects ; Vibration ; adverse effects

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Mutation