Liver cancer is a common malignancy.Its incidence ranks sixth among malignant tumors,and it is the third most common cause of cancer death worldwide.Extended hepatectomy,hepatectomy following chemotherapy and repeat or staged hepatectomy are being widely used to prolong the survival time of patients with hepatic neoplasms.Although advances in perioperative management and operative techniques have improved the safety and extended the indications for hepatectomy over the past 2 decades,postoperative hepatic failure is still a severe complication which causes perioperative mortality.In this review,current advances in preoperative evaluation of the condition of patients,precise hepatectomy,postoperative assessment of the hepatic function and therapeutic strategies for postoperative hepatic failure are introduced.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of nucleos(t)ide analogues in patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related chronic liver failure through Meta-analysis.Methods Literature search was done in Medline, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastracture(CNKI), Wanfang Database and China Biology Medicine(CBM)for papers published from 1990 to 2010 in Chinese or English, as well as the references in the relevant literature complemented by retrospective and manual literature search. Only literatures fully matching the inclusion and exclusion criteria could be included in this study. RavMan 5.0 statistical software was utilized for Meta-analysis. Then the sensitivity and publication bias about the data were measured by forest pl0t, funnel plot and fail-safe number. Results Total 1240 patients from 20 controlled clinical trials reported in Chinese and English papers were included in this study. The indicators of therapeutic efficacy were as below: HBV DNA undetectable rate relative risk(RR)=3. 37, 95％CI: 2. 20, 5. 16(Z=5. 60, P＜0. 01), prothrombin activity(PTA)weighted mean difference(WMD)=34.70, 95％CI: 25.62, 43.79(Z=7.49, P＜0.01), albumin(Alb)WMD=4.73, 95％ CI: 2.95, 6.51(Z=5.21, P＜0.01), alanine aminotransferase(ALT)WMD=42.58, 95％CI: -59.74, -25.41(Z=4.86, P＜0.01), total bilirubin(Tbil)WMD=-150.95, 95％CI: -199.29,-102.62(Z=6.12, P＜0.01), mortality RR=0. 55, 95％ CI: 0. 48, 0. 64(Z=8. 09, P＜0. 01). Conclusion Nucleos(t)ide analogues treatment could significantly increase HBV DNA undetectable rate, improve PTA and Alb, decrease levels of ALT and Tbil, which further reduces the short-term mortality of the patients with HBV-related chronic liver failure.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; surgery ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Liver Failure ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; therapy

Hormones are the main materials which regulate the plant growth and the secondary metabolites formation of plant. The effects of hormones on cell biomass and metabolites content and the application progress of honrmones in plant cell suspension culture is reviewed. It covers the influence of exogenous hormones’ categories, concentration and proportion on cell biomass and metabolites content in plant cell suspension culture, the developmental course of the endogenous hormones determination, the changes of endogenous hormones content and its effects on the cell biomass and metabolites content, the relation of interaction between exogenous hormones and endogenous hormones, the study on the effect of new hormone varieties on the culture.

Objective To observe the effect of scalp-acupuncture combined with physical therapy on spastic cerebral palsy.Methods 80 children with spastic cerebral palsy were randomly divided into observation group and a control group,40 cases in each group.The observation group was treated with scalp-acupuncture combined with physical therapy,and the control group with physical therapy only.They were assessed with the Functional Independence Measure for children(WeeFIM) and the Gross Motor Function Measure(GMFM) before and 3 months after treatment.Results No side-effect was observed during the treatment.The scores of WeeFIM and GMFM of the observation group were significantly superior to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The scalp-acupuncture can improve the efficiency of physical therapy on motor function in the children with spastic cerebral palsy.

Animals ; Humans ; Pain ; physiopathology ; Pruritus ; physiopathology

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; genetics ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Leukemia ; physiopathology ; Male ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Vault Ribonucleoprotein Particles ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Qianliean Pill (QP) on inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNP) model rats, and to explore its therapeutic mechanism.

METHODSCNP rat model was established by castration and estradiol benzoate injection. Totally 50 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e., the model group, the positive medicine group, the high dose QP group, the medium dose QP group, and the low dose QP group, 10 in each group. Besides, 10 normal rats were recruited as a normal control group. Since the 8th day of castration, Pulean Tablet (PT) at 10. 80 g/kg was administered to rats in the positive medicine group by gastrogavage. QP at 11.00, 5.50, and 2.75 g/kg was administered to rats in high, medium, and low dose QP groups by gastrogavage. Distilled water at 2 mL/100 g was administered to rats in the model group and the normal control group by gastrogavage, once daily for 30 successive days. After 30 days of medication all rats were sacrificed and their prostate tissues were extracted. The prostatic index was calculated. Pathological changes of rat prostate were observed under light microscope. Meanwhile, levels of IL-1β, IL-10, and TNF-α were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, the prostate index obviously decreased, levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the prostate tissue significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the prostate index obviously decreased in high and medium dose QP groups, and the positive medicine group (P < 0.01); levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 obviously decreased in each QP group and the positive medicine group (P < 0.01). Compared with the positive medicine group, the TNF-α level decreased more obviously in the high dose QP group (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal control group, inflammatory reactions occurred obviously in rats' prostate of the model group. Compared with the model group, inflammatory reactions were milder in rats' prostate of each QP group and the positive medicine group, and their degrees were improved to some extent.

CONCLUSIONQP could treat CNP, which might be achieved by regulating local immune state of the prostate, relieving inflammatory reactions of the prostate, and lowering levels of IL-β, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the prostate tissue.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Male ; Prostatitis ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Objective:To study the clinicopathologic characteristics and the prognostic factors of triple negative breast cancer,and to study the correlation between clinicopathologic features and EGFR expression.Methods:Clinical characteristics and prognosis of 200 breast cancer patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2004 were reviewed.The paraffin embedded tissues were selected and tissue microarray blocks were made.Immunohistochemical staining was used to evaluate the expression of ER,PR and HER2 for breast cancer molecular type.EGFR expression was evaluated to analyze its correlation with the clinical characteristics and prognosis.Results:Fourty-two cases(21%)of 200 were triple negative breast cancer(TNBC).There was no significant difference between TNBC and non-TNBC in clinicopathologic parameters such as age,tumor size,clinical stage,and lymph node status.However,there was significant difference in histological category and menostasis status between the two groups(P<0.05).Among TNBC,17 0f 42 died during the follow-up(the overall suivival rate was 59.52%),while 26 0f 158 non-TNBC died(the overall survival rate was 83.54%).EGFR was significantly overexpressed in TNBC(69.05%)and it was associated with lymph node status and histological category.Conclusion:Although the incidence of TNBC is low,it has a poorer prognosis than other subtypes.EGFR is highly expressed in TNBC and may serve as a prognostic index and an important therapatic target for breast cancer.

Objective To quantitatively analyze the image quality of megavoltage cone-beam CT (MVCBCT) under different scanning conditions to provide reference in clinical applications. Methods Si-emens ONCOR linear accelerator with MVCBCT was used to scan the phantom under different conditions. The image quality was evaluated in terms of image noise, uniformity, spatial resolution, contrast resolution, the number of Monitor Units(MUs) used in imaging,and the size of the reconstruction matrix. The comparison of the image quality between MVCBCT and conventional simulator CT was also analyzed. Results The image noise was decreased with the increase of the number of MUs. The uniformity index showed that the system u-niformity was weakly dependent on MU numbers or the size of the reconstruction matrix. Except for the ima-ges with 5 MUs,all other images had the spatial resolution of 0.4 lp/mm with a reconstruction matrix of 256 ×256. Better low contrast resolution was achieved by using more MUs. For typical pelvis and head-and-neck patients,the imaging dose at the center was 0.8 cGy/MU and 0.7 cGy/MU, respectively,and the maxi-mum dose was about 1.2 cGy/MU. For typical abdomen patients,the image maximum dose and center dose was 1.3 cGy/MU and 0.7 cGy/MU,respectively. Conclusions The image quality of MVCBCT is inferior to the conventional kilo-voltage CT. However,with the optimization of the parameters in imaging,we can a-chieve sufficient image contrast in the bone,air and some soft-tissue structures with low imaging dose to pa-tients. Such images can be used for IGRT.