Objective: To investigate estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in the tumor derived from non-target organ (primary bronchogenic carcinoma), and correlation with the tumor. Methods: According to WHO histo-logical classification of lung tumors, 146 resected specimens of lung canrer were examined microscopically; ER and PR were detected on paraffin-embedded tissue sections using immunohistochemical staining. Results: 58.9% of the cases were positive for ER, 69. 1 % for PR,and 46.6% positive for both. There was a significant correlation between ER and PR positive percentage and degrees of histological differentiation in lung cancer, while ER and PR percentage appears to have no relationship with histological type, tumor size, age and sex of the patients. Conclusion: It is demonstrated that ER and PR are present in non-small cell lung cancer. These observation may provide a basis for adjuvant hormonal therapy in selected lung cancer patients.

Objective To analyze the clinical,radiological and pathdogical characteristics of idiopathic lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (idiopathic LIP) and to discuss its diagnosis,treatment and prognosis.Methods Respiratory physicians,pathologists and radiologists together retrospectively analyzed the clinical,chest roentgenogram,computerized tomography,pathologicM,diagnostic and therapeutic data of 3 patients with idiopathic LIP confirmed by lung biopsy.and reviewed the relevant literatures.Results The major symptoms of the 3 cases of idiopathic LIP were prgressive dyspnea and dry cough.Higher levels of γ-globulins in serum were found in all the cases.The characteristic radiographic manifestations were bilateral diffuse nodules and cysts.The pathologic feature was diffuse interstitial inflammation with polyclonal lymphocytes infiltration,especially with plasma lymphocytes.Corticosteroids and cytotoxic agents were used and good response to therapy was observed in the cases.Conclusions Idiopathic LIP has some characteristics on the clinical,radiological and pathological features,but the best diagnostic method depends on a clinical-radiological-pathological approach.The disease usually shows good response to combinative therapy of corticosteroids and cytotoxic agents.

AIM:To observe the effect of arsenic trioxide (ATO) on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. METHODS:Pulmonary fibrosis was induced in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (BLM). The rats in ATO treatment group,steroid treatment group and model group were intraperitoneally injected with ATO,dexamethasone or normal saline (NS),respectively,while the control rats received NS both intratracheally and intraperitoneally. The effects of ATO were evaluated by analyzing the median survival time,hydroxyproline level in the lung,semiquantitative grading of alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis,and quantitative analysis of the collagen in lung tissue (Masson's trichrome staining). Apoptosis index (AI) of the lung was detected by using the terminal transferase dUTP-digoxygenin nick endlabeling (TUNEL) method. The results of immunohistochemical staining for some cytokines were quantitatively analyzed. RESULTS:ATO (1) prolonged the median survival time of rats with BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis at some extent; (2) attenuated the alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis,reduced hydroxyproline level and collagen deposition in the lung tissue; (3) increased the AI of lung tissue at a certain phase; and decreased the levels of transforming growth factor-?1(TGF-?1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1),increased the content of in-terferon-? (IFN-?),but did not influence the concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) significantly. CONCLUSION:ATO might attenuate BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats via increasing the AI in the lung tissue.

BACKGROUNDTo explore the clinicopathological changes of non-small cell lung cancer tissues after neoadjuvant chemotherapy with MVP (MMC+VDS+DDP) regimen and its concordance with clinical evaluation, and to study the clinical value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

METHODSA total of 84 patients with NSCLC were randomized into combinated therapy group (42 cases) and surgical group (42 cases). The combinated therapy group were given MVP regimen for 2 cycles before operation and 2-4 cycles after operation, however, the surgical group only received surgical treatment. The efficacy of preoperative chemotherapy were determined by pathologic examination under light microscope and electron microscope and clinical evaluation.

RESULTSCombinated therapy group showed various degrees of degeneration and necrosis of tumor cells, which was not found in surgical group. The overall response rate of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 59.5% (25/42) by both pathological and clinical evaluation. The coincidence ratio of the two evaluation methods was 71.4% (Kappa value=0.407,P < 0.01). Between the two groups, there was a significant difference in total survival rate (P=0.047). And further analysis showed that survival rate was remarkably different in patients with stage III between the two groups (P=0.037), but not in those with stage I and II (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSDegeneration and necrosis with fibrosis are the main pathological phenotypes of the primary lesion after induction chemotherapy, which can be showed by clinical evaluation to chemotherapy efficacy. The preoperative and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy may be benefical to patients with stage-III NSCLC.

Objective To survey the survival status, functional status, marital status and the present situation of the survival patients with spinal cord injury 40 years after Tangshan earthquake. Methods From February to May, 2016, a total of 216 patients with spinal cord injury were surveyed with questionnaire, in which 139 cases lived centralized and 77 cases lived scattered. The questionnaire was self-designed and included eleven items and 51 questions, which related to ability of daily life, marital status, employment status and socioeconomic status and so on. Results A total of 960 (25.15%) patients with spinal cord injury survived 40 years after Tangshan earthquake. In 216 surveyed pa-tients, the employment rate was 9.3%, the married rate was 53.2%, and 44.9%earned less than 500 yuan every month. The incidence was 25.9%for pressure score, 50.50%for neuralgia (severe pain accounted for 23.51%), and 19.40%for urinary tract stones. 56%of patients could take their own basic self-care. Conclusion There were many problems such as high complication rate, low employment rate and poor economic condition in the spinal cord injury group 40 years after Tangshan earthquake.

Pyrethroids, a broad class of synthetic organic insecticides applied in daily life, are highly toxic in the water environment and can cause organisms to develop symptoms of neurotoxicity.Environmental exposure has become one of the important factors explored during child growth and development in recent years, and the exposure of pyrethroids in the environment has gradually increased, making their effects on child growth and development also highly valued.A large number of studies at home and abroad have found that pyrethroids have effects on multi system development: exposure during pregnancy can lead to intrauterine growth restriction, malformations, etc.Postnatal exposure can lead to cognitive retardation, abnormal pubertal development, and may also increase the risk of allergic diseases, wheeze, cough, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.This article provides a review of the effects of pyrethroid exposure on growth and developmental processes in children.

Objective:To investigate the efficiency and safety of traditional growing rod in the treatment of early onset dystrophic scoliosis secondary to type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF1-DS) with intraspinal rib head in children.Methods:From September 2006 to May 2020, this study recruited 20 children with intraspinal rib head with early onset NF1-DS who had received traditional growing rods. There were 13 boys and 7 girls and the age of the initial operation was 7.0±1.6 years (range, 4.1-9.8 years). There were 7 cases of simple left chest bend, 9 cases of simple right chest bend, and 4 cases of double chest bend; 13 patients had varying degrees of kyphosis deformity. Two children had neurological symptoms before surgery, American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) were grade D. The proportion of the intraspinal rib head (IRP), the Cobb angle of the main chest bend, apical vertebra rotation (AVR), apical vertebral translation (AVT), trunk shift (TS) and sagittal TK, lumbar lordosis (LL), sagittal balance and T 1-S 1 height were measured before and after first time internal fixation and at last follow-up, and the complications were also evaluated. Results:All 20 patients were followed up and the average follow-up time was 41.6±23.8 months (range, 24-99 months). A total of 85 operations was conducted including 63 protrude operations. After operation, the IRP was significantly lower than that before operation (preoperative 33.1%±17.5% vs. postoperative 22.2%±11.3%, P<0.001) and no significant correction loss was found at last follow-up 23.7%±12.4% ( P>0.05). The mean Cobb angle decreased from 75.9°±26.7° preoperatively to 45.0°±18.5° postoperatively ( P<0.001) and there was still significant improvement at the last follow-up (41.0°±17.2°) compared with postoperatively ( P<0.05). The AVR was significantly reduced after surgery compared with preoperatively (33.0°±10.1° vs. 39.3°±13.3°, P<0.001), and the last follow-up (40.1°±11.4°) was significantly improved compared with postoperative ( P=0.005). The T 1-S 1 height increased from 259.8±70.7 mm preoperatively to 296.9±78.4 mm postoperatively ( P=0.001), and at the last follow-up 296.9±78.4 mm was still significantly higher than after operation ( P<0.001), with an average annual increase of 12.4±3.2 mm. Significant correction of AVT, TK, LL and sagittal balance were noted after initial surgery ( P<0.05), and no significant correction loss was found at last follow-up ( P>0.05). There were 10 complications in 7 cases. There were 5 complications of pedicle screw loosening, 1 complication of bolt droping, 2 complications of broken rod, 1 complication of distal junctional kyphosis and 1 complication of adding-on phenomenon. 2 cases with nerve injury were recover after operation (AIS grading E). None of the children had new neurological complications during growth rod insertion and multiple stretching during follow-up. Conclusion:For children with early onset NF1-DS with intraspinal rib head, if the preoperative AIS grade is D or E, traditional growing rod technique is relatively safe and effective and can make the intraspinal rib head remove from the spinal canal partly.

Objective To elucidate the bidirectional causal relationship between lipid profiles and colorectal cancer (CRC) by using the two-sample and two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) methods, and to explore the mediating role and proportion of immune cells as intermediary factors. Methods The pooled statistical data related to the study were screened, and 179 lipids and CRC were analyzed using two-sample and two-step MR with the inverse variance weighted method. Simultaneously, the causal effect was verified via Bayesian weighted MR. Two-step MR analysis was conducted to determine whether a mediated effect was exerted on immune cell traits. Sensitivity, heterogeneity, and pleiotropy analyses were performed to verify the reliability of the study results. Results The causal relationship between nine lipid traits and CRC was preliminarily identified, and no reverse causal effect was found (P>0.05). The validity of the results was verified via Bayesian weighted MR (P<0.05). Twenty-seven types of immune cells were suggested to exert a causal effect on CRC. The causal effect of phosphatidylcholine (O-18:2_20:4) on CRC was determined via mediation analysis (OR: 0.8579, 95%CI=0.7395-0.9952, P=0.0429). The CD127-mediated proportion on CD45RA+ CD4+ T cells was 9.14% (β=−0.1052, P=0.0155). Conclusion A causal relationship exists between lipid traits and CRC, and the intervention of CD127 on CD45RA+ CD4+ T cell helps phosphatidylcholine reduce the risk of CRC.