Objective To investigate the cell origination of progenitor cells of the mammalian regenerative hair cell.Methods Utricular sensory epithelial of postnatal day 1 wister rats was isolated by mechanical dissociation.The explants were digested by thermolysin,then were transfrred to an aliquot containing 0.125% trypsin and 0.125% collagenase for incubation to harvest the pure utricular sensory epithelial cell(USEC).USEC were cultured in Dulbecco Modified Eagle Medium(DMEM),and observed daily by inverted microscope.Immunocytochemical staining with cytokeratin 18,vimentin,Brn3a and Calretinin,ultrastrctural examination with transmission electron microscope,and reverse transcription PCR with mRNA of p27kipll,AchRa9 and Myosin Ⅶa.The markers of hair cells and supporting cells were used to identify the origination and characteriztion of USEC.Results USEC showed a large,flat,polygonal epithelial morphotype with big,round neuclei.USEC monolayer showed "cobblestone-like" appearance.Some cells showed "Dome" formation,probably due to fluid collection underneath the cell monolayer.USEC expressed cytokeratin 18 but did not express vimentin,and had rich microvilli and complex tight junction,which indicated the epithelial origination of USEC.USEC expressed Brn 3a,calnevimin and mRNA of p27kipl,AchRa9,myosin Ⅶ.Conclusion USEC coexpressed the characteristic markers of the hair cell and supporting cells.This indicates that the culture cells may represent progenitor cell of hair cell and the progenitor cell may come from supporting cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of preoperative percutaneous dilatational trache-otomy (PDT)in oral and maxillofacial surgery anesthesia versus traditional surgical tracheotomy (ST).Methods General data,vital signs,operation time,anesthetics,the amount of bleeding and complications during the procedure were analyzed after reviewing the clinical data of 124 cases under-going radical correction of oral and maxillofacial tumor plus flap transferring and repairing and trache-otomy during May 2013 to May 201 5.Results A total of 124 cases were divided into two groups:PDT group (group P,n =41)and ST group (group S,n =83).There was no significant difference of general data between the two groups.The incision length and operation time were significantly shorter and the amount of bleeding was remarkably lower in group P than those in group S (P <0.05),while the incidence of complications was not significantly different between the two groups.Conclusion PDT has more advantages over traditional ST and is a better airway approach in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Objective To assess the feasibility,safety and efficacy of endoscopic papillectomy (EP) for tumors at the ampulla of Vater (AV).Methods A total of 15 patients with tumor at AV that were indicated for EP were included in this prospective study.Their clinical profiles,procedural parameters and outcome were evaluated.Results All patients underwent EP procedure successfully.Four patients who were diagnosed as having chronic inflammation in the reference endoscopy were confirmed as having adenoma after EP.Out of the 11 patients who were previously diagnosed as andenoma on biopsy,2 of low differentiated adenocarcinoma,1 of well differentiated adenocarcinoma and 1 malignant transformation were pathologically confirmed after EP.Stents were implanted in 8 patients with dilated pancreatic and/or common bile duct.Except for 2 cases of melena and 2 transient elevated level of blood amylase after EP,no other major complications occurred.Three patients,including 1 case of low-differentiated adenocarcinoma,1 case of malignant transformation and 1 case of lesion residual,were referred to surgery,another patient with low-differentiated adenocarcinoma declined any additional intervention because of old age.In the remaining 11 cases ( 11/15,73.3％ ) including one well differentiated adenocarcinoma,no recurrence was observed during a follow-up period of 23.4 (5 to 47) months.Conclusion EP is a minimal invasive,safe and effective treatment for tumors at AV,which also can provide an accurate staging of the lesion.

Objective To observe prospectively the role of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of biliary leakages in patients with liver transplantation, and the incidence of bile duct stricture after healing of the leakage. Methods Six eases of T-tube leakage and seven cases of anastomosis leakage complicating liver transplantation were enrolled in this prospective study. Six patients treated by endoscopic plastic stent placement , 2 by naso-biliary catheter drainage, 2 by papillosphincterotomy and 3 by naso-biliary catheter drainage combined with plastic stent placement. Some patients received growth hormone treatment. Results The bile leak resolution time was between 10-35 days in 10 patients with complete document. The median time of leak resolution was 15. 3 days. Four cases of anastomosis stricture, three cases of common hepatic duct and one ease of multiple bile duct stenosis were observed by followed-up nasobiliary catheter cholangiography or ER-CP. Conclusion Endoscopic nasobiliary catheter or plastic stent placement is a safe and effective treatment for bile duct stricture occurred after bile leak resolution in most of liver transplantation patients. Naso-biliary catheter combined with plastic stent placement maybe the best choice for treating bile leak, because, theoretically, it may prevent serious condition happened at accidental nasobiliary catheter dislocation, and it may have prophylactic effect on upcoming bile duct stricture and should be further confirmed.

Phospholipase Ds (PLDs) exist in many plants. PLDs catalyse the hydrolysis of phospholipids (e.g. phosphatidylcholine) in cell membrane into phosphatidic acid (PA) and polar free heads (e.g. choline). Two PLD members from rice, OsPLD3 and OsPLD4, were studied by reverse genetics approaches. The results showed that the promoters of OsPLD3 and OsPLD4 could drive the expression of the reporter gene in various tissues of the rice flower organs at different levels. The expression of both genes was induced by wounding and methyl jasmonate (MeJA), but with different intensity at different time intervals. No prominent phenotypes were observed by RNA interference with the gene-specific artificial miRNAs or over-expression of the target genes in rice plants, implying the functional redundancy among different members of the rice PLD family.
Acetates ; pharmacology ; Base Sequence ; Cyclopentanes ; pharmacology ; Flowers ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genes, Plant ; genetics ; Genes, Reporter ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oryza ; enzymology ; genetics ; Oxylipins ; pharmacology ; Phospholipase D ; genetics ; metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics

The preliminary role of calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) in stress response is defined but the exact function of OsCIPK10 gene in rice stress response and its expression pattern yet unclear. In this study we explored the possible functions of OsCIPK10 gene by reverse genetics approaches and also revealed its expression pattern by GUS staining. From the preliminary study of this gene we presumed its function to assist plant to resist stress but over-expressed OsCIPK10 rice transgenic lines showed no significant phenotypic differences from the wild type either under high salt or low potassium conditions, however the gene knockdown plants using inverted repeat strategy presented meaningful healthy plants compared to wild type under the stress of salt. Further we checked the expression profile under high salt and low potassium conditions in wild type and found that OsCIPK10 decreases under high salt and increases on low potassium conditions. So we speculate that OsCIPK10 is actually going to function in response to high salt and low potassium stress. We also explored the expression pattern of this gene using Gus staining and found that gene expresses in all plant tissues, the only exception observed was its higher expression in the vascular tissues.
Cloning, Molecular ; Genes, Plant ; Oryza ; enzymology ; genetics ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; genetics ; metabolism ; Potassium ; pharmacology ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Salt-Tolerant Plants ; genetics ; Sodium Chloride ; pharmacology ; Stress, Physiological

Gene expression in rice roots under nutritional stress was studied using micro array techniques. The results showed that when re-supplied with sufficient amounts of nutrition after nutrition stress, the expression of OsPra2 (a small G protein which is homologous with Pea Pra2 protein) decreased in the plants root tissue. The cDNA sequence of the OsPra2 gene and its promoter, which is about 1 kb upstream of the translation origin point, was obtained using RT-PCR and PCR approaches. The OsPra2 protein contains four conserved GTP/GDP binding domains and specific domain of Rab small G protein family. The expression of OsPra2 and GST fusion protein in onion epidermal cells showed that OsPra2 protein was localized in the membrane and nucleus of the cell. The fusion expression of OsPra2 promoter and GUS reporter gene in transgenic rice suggested that the OsPra2 promoter allowed GUS expression in coleoptiles and roots. Compared with wild type rice, OsPra2 over expressed transgenic rice showed an obvious dwarf phenotype which resembles the BR deficient rice.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genes, Plant ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oryza ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; genetics ; metabolism ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; rab GTP-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism