Objective To discuss the operation effect and the role of neuroendoscope which was used to assist the keyhole approach in treatment of intracranial aneurysms Methods The keyhole surgery with the assistant of neuroendoscope was used to treat 14 cases of aneurysm After initial exposure of pterional or superciliary arch keyhole approach with the aid of microscope,the rigis endoscpe was introduced to confirm regional anatomy,including the aneurismal neck and adjacent structure After clipping,introduced again to inspect the positions of the clip and nearby structures. Results After operation,all the 14 cases were recovered without any severe complication. Conclusions There was a sufficient exposure in the visualization of the anatomy of the aneurysm and surrouding structures,the injuries of operation were relieved,the time in operation and hospital can be shortern,as well as reliable operation effect.

Tissue blotting, based on Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), is a technique for detection of plant viruses. This technique is not only high sensitivity and specificity, but also simpler and more rapid for detection. Samples that are blotted on membrane can be kept over three months. The results can directly display the section of virus infected. It is especially suitable for detection of plant viruses on a large scale.

ange is one of the inducements of cerebrovascular diseases. This article reviews the relationship between weather change taxi cerebrovascular diseases, and their possible mechanisms.

Objective To compare the outcome and early patency rate of revascularization treatment for patients with iliac artery occlusion or stenosis.Methods Retrospective analysis was made on 105 cases of iliac artery occlusion or stenosis from January 2009 to April 2014.49 were with iliac artery occlusion and 56 with iliac artery stenosis.Results The demographics,and comorbidities were not statistically different between the 2 groups.The occlusion group had more critical limb ischemia and the ankle-brachial index was lower than the stenosis group.The occlusion group underwent more hybrid surgery and used more covered stents in the operation.The peri-operative complication was higher in the occlusion group,but the difference was not statistically different.The ABI improved significantly for all patients after surgery.The early patency rate was similar in the 2 groups.Conclusions Revascularization treatment for patients with iliac artery occlusion and stenosis was safe and effective,with similar early patency rate and peri-operative complications between the two groups.

The clinical data of 21 patients with carotid body tumor (CBT) were analyzed retrospectively.The lesions were unilateral (n =20) and bilateral (n =1).Among 20 surgical cases, the procedures included tumor resection alone (n =11) , tumor resection along with external carotid artery (n =6) and vascular reconstruction of carotid artery after resection of tumor body (n =3).No mortality occurred during perioperative period.CBT was confirmed by pathologic examination in all cases and 1 case was malignant.Follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 7 years and the follow-up rate was 85％.Five cases of cranial nerve impairment recovered completely over 3 months.One case of bilateral CBT underwent contralateral tumor resection at another hospital 1 year later and 1 case with malignant tumor died from metastases 3 years later.The remainder survived recurrence-free.CBT tends to be misdiagnosed.Therefore ultrasonography, digital subtraction angiography (DSA), CT angiography (CTA) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) are important for preoperative diagnosis and evaluation.Surgical resection is a first choice for CBT.

Objective To evaluate carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for bilateral moderate to severe carotid stenosis.Methods The clinical data of 59 patients with bilateral moderate to severe carotid stenosis who were treated with CEA in our hospital from October 2010 to August 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 50 males and 9 females age ranging 42-80 years (mean:65 ± 9 years).48 patientsunderwent ipsilateral CEA and 11 underwent staged bilateral CEA.In patients who were confirmed to have coronary artery disease or peripheral vascular disease by preoperative angiography,6 received coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)simultaneously,1 received iliac artery balloon angioplasty and stent implantation simultaneously,and 1 received renal artery stenting simultaneously.Results A total of 70 endarterectomies were performed,shunt and patching were used in all patients,the surgical success rate was 100％.2 patients suffered from vagus nerve injury,4 patients suffered from hypoglossal nerve injury,and 3 patients presented with hyperperfusion syndrome.Follow-up period was 2-36 months (mean:19 ± 10 months).1 patient died of heart attack during the follow-up,the other patients were relatively stable with no restenosis.Conclusion CEA should be performed in patients with bilateral moderate to severe carotid stenosis,and the prognosis is good.

Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effect of cattle encephalon glycoside and ignotin injection on the rat model of traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods Three hundred and six SD rats were randomly divided into sham group,TBI group,high dose group,middle dose group and low dose group according to the random number table.Rats received 1.8,0.6 and 0.2 ml/kg of cattle encephalon glycoside and ignotin injection for 28 days in high,middle and low dose groups,respectively.TBI was induced by the modified Feeney' s weight-drop method.Rat mortality,neurological function score and learning and memory ability were recorded.Brain morphological changes were evaluated with 7.0 T small animal nuclear magnetic resonance and HE staining.Evans blue was applied to assess blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability and hydrocephalus was evaluated by the brain water content.Results Mortality in high dose group decreased significantly compared to that in TBI group (22.40％ vs.28.14％,P ＜ 0.05).Defects in neurological function and learning and memory induced by TBI were significantly mitigated in middle and high dose groups (P ＜ 0.05).Pathological damage and contralateral hippocampal atrophy in middle and high dose groups were reduced significantly compared to TBI group (P ＜ 0.05).Hippocampus neuroapoptosis in middle and high dose groups was significantly improved compared to TBI group (P ＜ 0.05).BBB damage was less severe in middle and high dose groups than in TBI group (P ＜ 0.05).The treatment was preventive against secondary hydrocephalus.Conclusion Middle or high dose cattle encephalon glycoside and ignotin injection over a 28-day period has significant neuroprotective effect on the TBI rats.

Objective: To investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)H19 in gallbladder cancer and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis. Methods: 74 cases of allbladder cancer resected in our hospital were collected and studied. At the same time, 66 cases of benign gallbladder lesions were selected as benign lesion group. The expression of lncRNA H19 in tissues was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The correlation between lncRNA H19 expression and clinicopathological parameters of gallbladder cancer patients was analyzed.The patients were followed up for 3 years and COX was used to analyze the prognostic factors affecting the survival rate.The survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curve. The survival differences of lncRNA H19 expression groups were detected by Log-Rank method. Results: The expression level of lncRNA H19 in gallbladder cancer was significantly higher than that in benign lesions (P<0.05). The expression of lncRNA H19 was correlated with stage, differentiation and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Age, sex, histological grade, stage and depth of invasion of gallbladder cancer had no significant correlation with 3-year survival rate (P>0.05). The survival rate of patients with differentiated tumors and non-metastatic lymph nodes were higher (P<0.05). The survival rate of patients with low expression of lncRNA H19 was significantly higher than those with high expression of lncRNA H19 (P<0.05). Tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and lncRNA H19 expression were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with gallbladder cancer. Conclusions LncRNA H19 is highly expressed in gallbladder cancer, which is closely related to the degree of differentiation, lymph node metastasis and survival rate of patients.

Clinicopathological data of 15 patients with pyloric early cancer and precancerous lesions, who received endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from March 2011 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Postoperative pathology showed 7 cases of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, 3 cases of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and 5 cases of early gastric cancer. R0 complete resection was achieved in all patients. The mean operation time was 55.2 min (35-78 min). One patient had delayed postoperative bleeding, and no other complications such as bleeding, perforation or abdominal pain occurred in other 14 patients. No recurrence, metastasis or pyloric stenosis was found during the follow-up of 31.3 months (1-106 months). ESD is safe and effective for early cancer and precancerous lesions in the pylorus.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of simultaneous carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid stenting (CAS) for bilateral carotid stenosis.Methods From Jan 2012 to Aug 2014,8 patients underwent simultaneous CEA and CAS.The surgical plan was based on clinical features and imaging findings.CEA before CAS was done in 5 patients,CAS before CEA was done in 3 patients.One patient also underwent simultaneous coronary artery bypass grafting due to unstable angina.Results Operation success rate was 100％.Intraoperative carotid shunts,patches and embolic protection devices were used in all patients.One patient developed post-procedural hyperperfusion syndrome and returned to normal after symptomatic treatment.The remaining patients recovered uneventfully,there were no cerebrovascular accident,nerve injury or wound complications.Follow-up period was 18-48 months,follow-up rate was 100％.During the follow-up,all patients were relatively stable,no re-stenosis,death or cardiovascular events.Conclusions Through thorough evaluation,careful preparation,and strict management,simultaneous CEA and CAS is a technically feasible and safe treatment strategy for bilateral carotid stenosis.