OBJECTIVE To design a new draining method for near total thyroidectomy. METHODS Bilateral drainages were performed during near total thyroidectomy in 63 cases between December 1998 and July 2004.The bilateral drain incision for near total thyroidectomy was performed at the lower part of the neck.RESULTS All the draining operative procedures produced cosmetic scars and the drainage was effective.The mean amount of drainage was 38 ml(minimum 10 ml,maximum 120 ml)and no patients developed wound infection. Postoperative drain incision was limited under the clavicle,covered by the collar and left the patients satisfied with the results.There were no postoperative hematoma or seroma.CONCLUSION The bilateral drain incision for near total thyroidectomy placed at the lower part of the neck results in a cosmetic scar, which is easily covered by the collar and was safe and effective.

Objective:To design an anatomical plate of ulna coronoid process using 3D printing and computer model design software based on a collection of CT scanning data of the ulna coronoid process.Methods:The CT scans of the elbow joint with no obvious anatomic variation, no fracture, or no history of elbow operation were collected which had been taken at Trauma Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from September 2017 to January 2022. There were 52 males and 50 females. RadiAnt DICOM Viewer and Mimics Medical 21.0 were used to visualize the CT data of the elbow joint of 102 volunteers. The software was used to measure the angle between the tip of the ulna coronoid process and the tuberosity of the ulna, the width at 1/2 height of the ulna coronoid process, the distance between the tip of the ulna coronoid process and the horizontal plane of the ulna tuberosity, and the safety angle for screw placement. After the values were measured, Siemens Ungraphics NX12.0 software was used to design the anatomical plate and the screw guide device of the ulna coronoid process. After the plate model was designed, a 1:1 actual plate model of the ulna coronoid process was produced by 3D printing. The actual plate model was placed onto an adult model of the ulna coronoid process and an adult cadaveric specimen of the ulna coronoid process to verify its matching degree. An in vitro operation was simulated using the plate model to verify its operability. Results:There were no significant differences between the left and right sides in the angle between the tip of the ulna coronoid process and the tuberosity of the ulna, the width at 1/2 height of the ulna coronoid process, the distance between the tip of the ulna coronoid process and the horizontal plane of the ulna tuberosity, or the safety angle for screw placement in either males or females ( P>0.05). There were no significant differences between males and females in the angle between the tip of the ulna coronoid process and the tuberosity of the ulna or in the safety angle for screw placement ( P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences between males and females in the width of 1/2 height of the ulna coronoid process and the distance between the tip of the ulna coronoid process and the horizontal plane of the ulna tuberosity ( P<0.05). However, the experiments on computer simulative adaptation and plate model simulative adaptation found that the anatomical plates of the ulna coronoid process designed on various parameters of males and females were exchangeable, leading to similarly good marching degrees and safe angles for screw placement. Conclusions:The anatomical plate of the ulna coronoid process designed in this study demonstrates a good fit and a safe angle for screw placement, basically achieving the goal expected to provide a basis for fabrication of a titanium alloy plate. In design of an anatomical plate of ulna coronoid process, it is not necessary to differentiate males from females or to differentiate the left side from the right one, because only a general plate can be used for both males and females and for both the left and the right sides.

Objective:To analyze the impact of gender on prognosis in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy.Methods:The data of 1 796 patients with HCC who underwent liver resection at the Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital from January 2010 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 1 548 males and 248 females, the average age were 49.6 years. Patients were followed up for recurrence and survival. After propensity score matching, the postoperative survival rates of male and female patients were compared. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was used to analyze independent factors affecting prognosis of patients with HCC after hepatectomy. The age and menopause were analyzed by subgroup analyses.Results:The 1-, 3- and 5-years cumulative overall and recurrence-free survival rates of male patients were significantly lower than that of female patients (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that female was an independent protective factor affecting postoperative recurrence ( HR=0.777, 95% CI: 0.615-0.982) and overall survival ( HR=0.669, 95% CI: 0.520-0.856). Using a cut-off value of 50 years old, the patients were divided into <50 years old ( n=915) and ≥50 years old ( n=881). In patients who were less than 50 years old, the 1-, 3- and 5-years cumulative overall and recurrence-free survival rates of male patients were significantly lower than those of female patients (all P<0.05). In patients ≥50 years old, there were no significant difference in the cumulative overall and recurrence-free survival rates between male and female patients (all P>0.05). Female patients were then divided into the postmenopausal group ( n=152) and the premenopausal group ( n=96). There were no significant differences in the cumulative overall and cumulative recurrence-free survival rates between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The prognosis of female patients with HCC after hepatectomy was significantly better than that of male patients.

Bavachinin is a dihydroflavone isolated from dried ripe fruits of Psoralea corylifolia L.，which has various pharmacological activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-virus, anti-diabetes, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective, and good potential in clinical applications. With the increasing concern about the safety of P. corylifolia applications in clinical, the bavachinin has been found to be one of the main components causing liver injury. In this paper, the pharmacological activities and hepatotoxicity of bavachinin in the recent 20 years were reviewed, in order to provide reference for the further study and clinical application.