Objective: To study the extraction preparation process of the crude drug Caulis spatholobi, using ethanol as the extraction solvent. Methods: Applying the countercurrent continued technique, using the L 9(34) orthogonal layout to optimize the preparation process as guided by the content of solid. After the optimize process was achieved, the extraction rate and the transfer rate of the effective components were tested by HPLC, using milletol as its marker and also the new preparation process was compared with the reflex process. Results: The transfer rate reached 84% or above, and the amount of the ethanol used was reduced by a half. Conclusion: The equipment is suitable for extracting the effective ingredients of crude drugs of ethanol used as extraction solvent, it is highly effective and can save energy sources alike.

Tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment interact through molecular and cellular mechanisms to promote tumorigenesis and tumor migration. The tumor microenvironment is important in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which are ones of the most inflammatory cells in the tumor microenvironment, have significant influence on tumor development. Tumor cells recruit macrophages by releasing chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors, and switch them into M2-type macrophages. Macrophages also release many factors which are important to some stages of tumor development, including tumor growth, angiogenesis, migration, invasion, and distant metastasis. TAM density is associated with treatment failure and poor prognosis in tumor patients. Great progress has recently been made in targeting TAMs for anti-tumor therapy. Strategies of targeting TAMs for anti-tumor therapy include suppression of macrophage recruitment, inhibition of TAM viability, reinstating the TAM phenotype, and transforming M2-type macrophages to M1-type macrophages. This article reviews the latest progress in the field based on TAM functions.

Objective To investigate the dormancy reason of the seeds by studying on intrinsic inhibitor in the seed of Paeonia lactiflora.Methods Biological methods and embryo culture were carried out to study the activity of intrinsic inhibitor in the testa and endosperm of the P.lactiflora seeds.ResultsThe Activity of intrinsic inhibitor exists in the testa and endosperm,and both of the intrinsic inhibitors showed stronger inhibitory effect on the growth of younger roots of Brassica pekinensis than that on their seed germination.The Rf 0.5 section of the ether extract of endosperm showed the strongest inhibition on the growth of younger roots of B.pekinensis(relative rate: 36.36%).All embryos that inoculated on different culture medium could root,but the epicotyls of embryos that inoculated on culture medium without GA3 could not elongate,which showed that the embryo in vitro also exists the dormancy of epicotyl,or embryo with inhibitor.Conclusion Intrinsic inhibitor in the seed of P.lactiflora is the main factor that results in its dormancy.

We describe a case of bilateral thyroid carcinoma in a 48-year-old woman. She was admitted to our hospital as a case of cervical nodular goiter. Multifocality of the thyroid nodules were evaluated by preoperative ultrasonography. The patient received bilateral thyroid lobe total resection and bilateral IV lymph node dissection. Medullary thyroid cancer was confirmed by intraoperative frozen pathology in the right lobe of thyroid gland and papillary thyroid microcarcinoma in the left lobe of thyroid gland. No tumor recurrence and metastasis were found after 3-months follow-up.
Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery

41 cases of infant thrush in observation group were treated by 10% rhubarb decoction wipe on the affected area followed by pow-dered “alum 3 +goldthread 2 +borneol 1”coating;41 cases in the control group were treated by 1% ~2% baking soda scrub on the affect-ed area followed by glycerol wipe containing 50 000 to 100 000 units/ml of nystatin.The efficiency was 95.12%(39 /41)and 75.61%(31 /41)in observation and control groups respectively(P <0.05).The external use of chinese medicine is effective in the treatment of in-fant thrush.

Esophageal carcinoma(EC) is one of the most common malignancies,which is difficult to cure.The median overall survival is less than 1 year,and the 5-year survival rate is less than 10％.Previous reports cited the incidence of brain metastasis (BM) from esophageal cancer to be approximately 0.4％ ～ 5.1％,and most of the reports come from America and Japan.The incidence of BM from EC is increased.However,because of the rarity of BM from EC,there are no established treatment guidelines.This report provides a comprehensive view of the clinical characteristics,treatment and prognosis of brain metastasis from esophageal carcinoma.

Objective To analyze the clinical outcomes of using double-circle incision combined with the dermal bra technique for the correction of simple breast ptosis.Methods From March 2010 to December 2014,88 patients underwent breast ptosis correction using the technique,among which 52 cases were classified into mild ptosis,27 moderate ptosis,and 9 severe ptosis.According to the extent of ptosis,varying size of the dermal bra were designed,and the mammary glandular flap was rotated,suspended and fixed onto the pectoralis fascia.For patients with insufficient size of the dermal bra,the polypropylene mesh was used to assist glandular suspension and fixation.Follow-up duration was between 3 to 24 months,and the surgical effect was evaluated from the following aspects:wound healing,breast sensory,shape,and texture,etc.Results The 4 cases (4.5％) had hematoma,and 3 cases (3.4％) suffered from poor wound healing.No case of fat liquefaction,necrosis of the nipple and areola complex,sensory disorder of NAC,or secondary ptosis was examined.Mammary contour was slightly rigid in the early postoperative period but gradually becoming natural with soft texture 3 months postoperatively.Conclusions Double-circle incision combined with the dermal technique is worth spreading in the clinical practice of breast ptosis correction for its satisfactory outcomes and low incidence of complications.

AIM: To study the optimal condition and parameters for the enrichment process of paeoniflorin in Kunyining Granules (Radix Paeoniae Rubra, etc.) with macroreticular resin. METHODS: With the enrichment degree of paeoniflorin in Kunyining Granules as an index, the optimal conditions of the enrichment process were investigated. RESULTS: The optimal condition showed that the aqueous extract was taken into the macroporous resin column, and kept for 30 min, then the resin was washed by water to get rid of impurity and then we used six times as much 50% ethanol as aqueous extract to elute paeoniflorin. CONCLUSION: The process is feasible to enrich paeoniflorin from Kunyining Granules.

Objective To study the feasibility of applying extrusion-puffing technique to the preparation of Qingyin Teabag.Methods Extrusion-puffing techique and water decoction were used to prepare the Qingyin Teabag,and thecorresponding products were compared by pharmacodynamic tests .Meanwhile,a dissolution test was carried out for the monarch drug Radix Glycyrrhizae in the teabag before and after pressurizing-expansion,thus to explore the influence of extrusion-puffing technique on the dissolution speed of ammonium glycyrrhetate from Radix Glycyrrhizae.Results With ammonium glycyrrhetate as the index,T50 and Td of Radix Glycyrrhizae before extrusion puffing extraction were 20.25 min and 56.20 min,while were 7.975 min and 18.975 min respectively after extrusion puffing extraction,the difference being very significant.Pharmacodynamic tests showed effects of the products processed by extrusion-puffing technique were slightly superior to those by water decoction.Conclusion It is feasible to adopt extrusion-puffing technique to the preparation of Qingyin Teabag.

[Objective] To evaluate the effect and safety of bee-stinging therapy in treating undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD). [Methods] Forty cases of UCTD were treated with bee-stinging therapy (qd or qod) for two treatment course, each course lasting 15 times. The symptoms of morning stiffness (MS), joint pain (JP) and articular swelling (AS), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) and side effects were observed before and after treatment. [Results] After treatment, clinical symptoms and ESR and CRP were significantly improved (P