Objective To Discuss early clinical manifestation and early antibiotic selection of neonatal puru-lent meningitis.Methods 83 cases diagnosed as neonatal purulent meningitis in the newborn were choosed as the research object.Retrospective analysis was used.Clinical data according to the complaints of the neonatal hospitalized were collected and analyzed to understand neonatal purulent meningitis early features,and to choose the effective anti-biotics under the undefined etiology circumstances in early stage.Results The early features was fever (51.8%), following with hyper -bilirubinemia of newborn(26.5%),livor(9.6%)and rhinostegnosis(9.6%).Microbiological examination:all cases with Blood cultures and CSF cultures,the result showed pathogenic bacteria testing positive were 15 cases(18.1%),blood culture positive were 11 cases(13.3%).Epidermis staphylococcus aureus was in the lead, followed by E.coli.And CSF cultures positive had only 4 cases(4.8%),E.Coli was in the majority.Etiology clear choosed sensitive antibiotic treatment among the 83 cases.Etiology unknown cases choosed penicillin and ceftriaxone sodium combined treatment for 2 weeks.Treatment effective was 72.3%,not cured or automatic discharge accounted for 27.7%.Conclusion Lumbar puncture should be used timely,in order to avoid missed diagnosis.Early use of penicillin combined ceftriaxone sodium treatment has better effect,and is worth popularizing in the grassroots.

Patients often suffered limb dysfunction after stroke. Upper limb and hand function recovered more slowly than lower limb, and became one of the research focuses in rehabilitation medicine. Timely and effective assessments were important to guide the rehabilitation treatment, evaluate the treatment efficacy and predict functional recovery of upper extremity and hand function. The assessment methods of upper limb and hand motor function included subjective evaluations and objective evaluations. The former included different kinds of scales, which involved assessment focusing on muscle, motor pattern, change of upper limb and hand function. While the latter contained biomechanics, neuroelectrophysiology, functional magnetic resonance imaging, upper limb robotic evaluation system and so on. Scales were proved to have good reliability and validity. But they could not show patients' function accurately because of the subjectivity, and the data could not be kept. Evaluation system with computer was applied in clinical practice more and more widely. In this review, we summarized the assessments on upper limb and hand motor function in patients after stroke.

The plasma level of endogenous digitalis-like substance(EDLS) was measured in 15 patients who underwent cardiac operation under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Blood samples were taken before and after anesthesia induction,immediately before CPB and removing the aortic crossclamp,and at 5,30min after heart rebeating. Resluts showed that the plasma EDLS level slightely decreased after anethesia indction, and significantly decreased immediately before removing the aortic crossclamps and at 5 min after heart rebeating (P

Purpose A RP-HPLC method was used to determine genioside and breviscapine in plasma and to study its pharmacokinetics in rat, respectively.Methods Rat plasma samples were collected after a single dose of Zhideng injection and pharmacokinetic parameters of genioside and breviscapine were estimated,respectively.Results A good linear relationship was obtained between 0.2-40.0 μg/mL for breviscapine, and 0.5-200.0 μg/mL for genioside.The recoveries from plasma were larger than 85%,and RSDs of inter-day asaay and intra-day assay were below 10%. The pharmacokinetic results showed that genioside and breviscapine were rapidly eliminated from plasma after iv administration of three doses of Zhideng injection.The mean half-life was 72.6 min and 21.6 min,respectively.Conclusion The established HPLC method was suitable for the pharmacokinetic study of genioside and breviscapine.

Objective To establish a suitable evaluation index system to track implementation effect of clinical research program.Methods Delphi method was used to creat the evaluation index system.The weighted average method was adopted to determine the weight of each index.Results After two rounds of expert consultation,twenty seven evaluation indices were selected,including three first-class indices,eight second-class indices and sixteen third-class indices,and the weight of each index was determined.Conclusions The evaluation index system reflects the purpose of tracking clinical research to a certain extent.This index system is simple and easy to be used.

A rapid headspace gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometric ( HS-GC/MS ) method was established for the analysis of volatile fatty acids ( VFAs ) in the feces. Feces were suspended by 6%phosphoric acid aqueous solution (1:2 m/V) and sealed in the headspace bottle for HS-GC/MS analysis. The HS-GC/MS method was optimized as follows: agitator temperature ( temp. ):80 ℃, syringe temp.:80 ℃, sample incubation time: 30 min, injection: 1 mL without split-flow. The chromatographic separation was performed on a DB-FFAP capillary column (30m×0. 25 mm×0. 25 μm) with injection port temp.:250 ℃. The temperature program ( initial temp. at 50 ℃ within first 1 min, and raised to 200 ℃ by 10 ℃/min) was employed by fixing the flow of carrier gas (high purity helium) at 1. 0 mL/min. The electron energy at -70 eV for electron impact ( EI ) ionization, ion source temp.: 250 ℃, transfer line temp.:280 ℃, the voltage of electron multiplier at 0. 95 kV. The spectra were recorded in the range of m/z 33-200 for full scan. The established HS-GC/MS method could be applied to analyze VGAs in the feces from human and rat appropriately. There are nine VFAs identified in the feces from human, and eight VFAs detected in the feces from rat by retrieving the NIST library, comparing with the standards and analyzing the MS data. Furthermore, the relative percentage contents of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid accounted for roughly 85% of all VFAs by area normalization. The method is simple and sensitive, and it can be used to rapidly detect VFAs in the feces from human and rat.

Total 1350 subjects were selected by cluster random sampling from Chongwen District and Shijingshan District in Beijing with a populations of 100 000.Chongwen District represented a typical urban district and Shijingshan represtnted a newly extended urban district.Qualified investigators conducted face-to-face survey using the uniform questionnaire and measurement, dealing with the knowledge, attitude and behavior for risk factors of stroke in two districts.The results showed:in Chongwen District, the awareness rates of "the diagnostic criteria of hypertension", "antihypertensive drugs can lower the risk of cardiocerebral vascular disease", and "criteria for obesity" were 71.3%, 87.3% and 22.9% respectively,which were significantly higher than those in Shijingshan District.The awareness rate of "bad temper may increase the risk of cardiocerebral vascular disease" was lower in the Chongwen District.There were no significant differences in attitude between two districts.In Chongwen District the level of three risk factors (smoking and obesity) was significantly lower than Shijingshan, but action of self-examination was also significantly lower.Generally, there was higher level in health knowledge and lower level of risk factors in Chongwen District.The hypertension-related knowledge and behavior was not entirely consistent.It is necessary to transform knowledge into behavioral changes or intervention of risk factors in population with high awareness like Chongwen District.

Objective To study the effects of the rehabilitation robot-assisted task-oriented training on the hand function in patients after stroke. Methods From June, 2015 to September, 2016, 35 inpatients suffering from stroke were randomly allocated to control group (n=17) and trial group (n=18). Based on the routine rehabilitation, the trial group accepted robot-assisted task-oriented training, while the control group accepted therapist-assisted task-oriented training, for two weeks. They were measured the active range of motion (AROM) of fingers, assessed with fingers motor of Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) invovled with hands before and after train-ing. Results The inpatients dropped three in the control group, two in the trial group. AROM of extension and flexion of all the fingers, the AROM of extension and total of three fingers of thumb, index and middle, and the total AROM of each finger improved in the trial group af-ter training (t>2.937, P<0.05), while the AROM of extension and flexion of all the fingers, AROM of extension, flexion and total of the fin-gers of thumb, index and middle, total AROM of the fingers of thumb, index and little improved in the control group after training (t>2.528, P<0.05);the AROM of extension and total of the fingers of thumb, index and middle, and the total AROM of fingers of thumb and index im-proved more in the trial group than in the control group (t>2.535, P<0.05). The scores of mass flexion, mass extension, opposition, cylinder grip, spherical grip and total score of FMA improved in the trial group after training (Z>2.000, P<0.05), while the scores of mass extension, opposition and the total score of FMA improved in the control group after training (Z>2.000, P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups on the items and total scores after training (P>0.05). The scores of feeding, dressing, toilet transfers, bathing, groom-ing of MBI and the total score of them improved in the trial group after training (Z>2.041, P<0.05), while the total score of MBI improved in the control group after training (Z=-2.527, P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the items and total scores after training (P>0.05). Conclusion The rehabilitation robot-assisted task-oriented training can improve AROM of hemiplegic fingers and grip function.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence rate of deviated nasal septum (DNS) of the young men who are going to join the army, and of the students in key high schools in Jimo, and record their educational background, then analysis the influence of DNS on the youth's learning quality. METHOD: Random select 3085 young men who are going to be recruited in 2006-2008, and 2628 students in 3 key high schools of Jimo. Investigate the two groups' incidence rate of DNS and make a correlative statistic analyses with their educational background. RESULT: There are 395 young men with DNS, which account 12.8% of the 3085 men, with the educational background of college degree and above account 3.0%; high school diploma 12.4%; junior secondary education 27.5%. One hundred and ninety-four students with DNS in key high schools, which account 7.4, and the subsequent entrance examination results shows, undergraduate students account 14.9%, junior college students and considerable education 32.5%, and graduates 52.6%. CONCLUSION DNS can influence the learning quality of the adolescent. It is necessary to operate on those patients and improve the complaint symptom.
Adolescent ; Educational Status ; Female ; Humans ; Learning ; Male ; Nasal Septum ; abnormalities ; Students ; Young Adult

Occupational therapy, as one of the important subdisciplines of rehabilitation therapy, takes occupational activities as the medium or purpose of treatment and life participation as the goal of treatment to meet the growing demand for rehabilitation. According to the Minimum Standards for the Education of Occupational Therapists developed by the World Federation of Occupational Therapists, many countries and regions have formulated educational standards that meet their own national or regional characteristics. Comparatively, the number of occupational therapists is seriously insufficient, the talents cultivation is relatively lagging behind, and the education level is uneven in mainland China; while in Hongkong and Taiwan, occupational therapy has an independent education system and a relatively mature talent training model. This study summarized the practical experience and reviewed the relevant literature. Based on the summary and review, we made a comparative analysis of postgraduate education in mainland China and Taiwan from the aspects of educational system and accreditation, enrollment objects, curriculum setting and teaching methods, which would provide a reference for the improvement of occupational therapy personnel training system in mainland China.