Objective To investigate the bacterial spectrum and drug resistance of gram-negative bacteria infection in intensive care unit(ICU).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on flora isolates from Jan 2003 to Dec 2003 to investigate the bacterial spectrum,bacterial resistance and clinical characteristics.Results The leading causative microorganisms isolated were Acinetobacter spp (22.1%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(20.1%),and E.coli (16.9%). Gram-negative bacteria exhibited the lowest resistance rates to imipenem/cilastati and Amikacin in all antibiotics currently used.However Pseudomonas aeruginosa had the highest resistance rate to imipenem/cilastatin in all the gram-negative bacteria (12.1%).The respiratory tract was the most common compromised site in ICU.Conclusions The causative bacteria in infection in ICU have a higher resistance to antibiotics currently used including cephalosporins of third-generation.It is critical to adopt specific antibiotics based on bacteriology and susceptibility to prevent the development of drug resistance.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the deafness-related gene mutation frequency and hotspots in patients of Fuzhou city with non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL). METHODS Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 88 cases of patients with hearing loss after clinical history inquiry and clinical examination. Their genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood by extraction kits to undergo polymerase chain reaction, traditional capillary electrophoresis sequencing and High-throughput sequencing so as to detect the mutations of deafness-related gene. RESULTS Among the 88 patients with NSHL, the gene mutation frequency was 34.09%.In the patients, 14 cases had mitochondrial 12 S rRNA mutations, six cases had GJB2 gene mutations and three cases had SLC26A4 mutations, two cases had MYO15A mutations, the other five cases had MYO7A, OTOF, TECTA, TMC1 and ILDR1 gene mutation respectively. CONCLUSION Among the 88 patients with NSHL, the most frequent mutation causing hereditary deadness was mutation in mitochondrial 12 S rRNA, followed by GJB2 and SLC26A4, The other genes such as MYO7A, OTOF, TECTA, TMC1 and ILDR1 gene were infrequent. The study could provide theoretical reference in genetic diagnosis, prevention and cure of hearing loss.

We evaluated clinical application effect of gene chip for detection of rifampin (RFP) and isoniazid (INH) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).Rifampin and isoniazid drug-resistance gene loci were detected by gene chip with sputum specimens from smear-positive tuberculosis patients and clinical strains,comparing the results of detection.BACTEC MGIT 960 drug susceptibility test results were used as control to evaluate the detection performance of gene chip.The sequences of the polymerase chain reaction products of the rpoB,katG and inhA genes from 999 strains identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis were determined to confirm the mutations by DNA sequencing.Results showed that 100 cases were identified as nontuberculous mycobacteria by gene chip in the 1 108 cases of smear-positive samples.Among the rest 1 008 samples,there were only 9 cases of microarray results different from BACTEC MGIT960 culture-positive strains,achieving the coincidences of 99.1％.Compared with BACTEC MGIT 960 drug susceptibility test results,the gene chip method displayed a concordance of 98.1 ％ and 94.5 ％ for RFP and INH respectively in the 999 strains.Compared with the DNA sequencing method,the accuracy of gene chip method was 99.6％ for rifampin resistance and 99.8％ for isoniazid resistance.It's concluded that the gene chip technology can quickly and accurately detect rifampin and isoniazid resistance in MTB and can be used directly for the detection of sputum samples.

BACKGROUND: It has been verified in relevant clinical and epidemiological researches in recent years that a part of stomatopathy is associated to psychological stress factors.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between the changes in salivary secretory IgA and cortisol and psychological stress states.DESIGN: cross-sectional investigation was designed.SETTING: Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang University.PARTICIPANTS: The investigated participants were 60 students in the 2nd grade of Fuzhou №.2 Senior School selected from May to November 2003. Fifty-seven of them accomplished the investigation, of male; aged varied from 17 to 19 years, of healthy, no stomatopathy and family history of disorders in immune system and without indulgence in smoke and alcohol. All of them had participated in the 3-day terminal exam.METHODS: Before the exam, evaluation with symptom checklist (there are 90 questions, including about 10 factors, such as somatization, compulsive state, sensitive interpersonal relationships, melancholy, anxiety, hostility, fear, paranoid state, psychotic state and others. The total average score results by divided total score with 90. ) was applied. Fifty-seven students that had accomplished the investigation were divided in low-symptom group (the total score of symptom checklist ＜ 2.0) and high-symptom group (the total score ≥ 2.0). 5 weeks before the exam, the students were called together to fill up investigation form of general situation. Four weeks before the exam and at 7: 30 am on the day of exam, the first and second saliva specimens were collected respectively to determine salivary secretory IgA and cortisol before and after exam stress. The students were called together again 3 days after exam to fill up questionnaire on psychological health to evaluate their psychological health state.stress.RESULTS: Intention management analysis was adopted, in which 57 stulist with Chinese norm: after exam, the scores of 4 factors, named compulsive state, anxiety, hostility and paranoid state, were higher than Chinese norm [(1.98±0.72, 1.69±0.61) scores; (1.79±0.31, 1.42±0.43) scores; (1.77±0.68,1.50±0.57)scores; (2.00±0.71, 1.52±0.60)scores, P ＜ 0.01] and there was parison of salivary secretory IgA content after stress: that before exam in low symptom group was remarkably higher than that in high symptom group [(236.6±82.29),(194.55±66.29) mg/L, P ＜ 0.05], that after exam in low symptom group was higher than that in high symptom group [(182.21±55.92,tration after stress: that after exam in low symptom group was remarkably higher than that in high symptom group [(5.96±2.46, 3.68±2.26) μg/L, P secretory IgA and cortisol in two groups: the decrease rate of secretory IgA (0.012±0.197) and increase rate of cortisol (0.199±0.654) were relevant to compulsive state and paranoid state.CONCLUSION: In evaluation with symptom checklist after exam, the scores of anxiety, compulsive state, hostility and paranoid state were higher than Chinese norm, indicating that exam stress induces increased anxiety level and variation of psychological behavior of students. The difference presented in decrease rate of salivary secretory IgA before and after exam stress between high and low symptom groups, explaining that the students with more psychological symptoms are weak to endure exam stress.

Objective To compare the chemical components among Rhizoma Alismatis of different specifications. Methods Rhizoma Alismatis of 8 different weights were chosen, and then contents of 23-acetate alisol B were determined by HPLC, and infrared spectrometry fingerprint was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results The contents of 23-acetate alisol B in Rhizoma Alismatis of 8 different specifications were over 0.06%, and had no relation with specification of Rhizoma Alismatis (P>0.05). The similarities of infrared spectrometry fingerprint were above 0.9. Conclusion The chemical components among Rhizoma Alismatis of different specifications were basically the same. Contents of 23-acetate alisol B of Rhizoma Alismatis of 8 different specifications conformed to regulation of China Pharmacopoeia.

Objective To investigate the effects of constant magnetic field (CMF) on proliferation, apopto-sis and nitric oxide (NO) secretion of rat bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) intervened by C-reactive protein (CRP). Methods EPCs were isolated from rat bone marrow by density gradient centrifugation and cultured on fibronectin-coated dishes. The cells were divided into five groups, i. e., control group, CRP (12 μg/ml) group, CRP plus CMF (0.1, 0. 5, 1.0 mT) groups. Samples were collected 24 hours after incubation. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT chromatometry. Apoptosis rate was detected by flow-cytometry. NO content of culture medium was measured by nitrate reductase method. Results As compared with control group, cell prolifer-ation in CRP group reduced significantly (0. 265±0. 008 vs 0. 316±0. 011, P < 0.05), NO secretion also de-creased significantly [(22.7±4.5) μmol/L vs (37.6±3.8) μmol/L, P < 0.05], cell apoptosis rate elevated sig-nificantly [(10.8±0. 8) % vs (4.2±0.5)% ,P < 0.05]. Cell proliferation in CRP plus 0. 5 mT or 1.0 mT CMF group (0. 295±0. 009,0. 302±0. 010) were much more than those in CRP group (P<0.05), NO secretion contents [(28.3±4.9) μmol/L, (29.2±5.6) μmol/L]were also much more than those in CRP group (P < 0.05) , apopto-sis rate [(7.4±0.5)% ,(6.9±0.6)%]was significantly lower than that in CRP group (P <0.05). Conclusion CMF at intensity of 0.5 mT and 1.0 mT can antagonize the effects of CR, promote proliferation of EPCs and secretion of NO and inhibit apoptosis rate of EPCs.

Objective To study the genetic diversity in Fujian Sanming Sarcandra Glabra from different geographical provenances;To construct genetic relationship diagram.Methods DNA in leaves was extracted by CTAB. Analysis and evaluation of DNA molecular level of 45 samples of different geographical provenances were conducted by ISSR method. POPgen32 software was used to calculate the genetic diversity and establish gene trees. NTSYS software was used to carry out cluster analysis.Results Six ISSR primers amplified 630 bands. Genetic diversity analysis showed that the average effective number of alleles of 45 varieties was 1.620 2;the average Nei's genetic diversity index was 0.364 5;the average Shannon information index was 0.543 2. Each point had different levels of genetic diversity. Nei's genetic diversity index of the maximum value was 0.497 2, and the minimum value was 0.107 8;Maximum Shannon information index was 0.690 3, and the minimum value was 0.219 2. Cluster analysis results showed that 45 varieties and 14 loci band data were the primitive matrix. 630 genetic similarity coefficients between two different species were obtained. The maximum similarity coefficient among different groups was 1.0, and the minimum was 0.516.Conclusion Different varieties of Fujian Sanming Sarcandra Glabra exist abundant genetic variation and has the molecular basis of abundant species. Using 0.610 as the threshold value can divide Sarcandra Glabra from 45 different geographical provenances into 6 groups. The genetic distance and geographical distance was not related.

Objective To investigate the effect of enteral nutrition (EN) start time on pH value of gastric juice and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in critically ill patients with invasive mechanical ventilation, so as to provide reference for the rational selection of EN timing.Methods Patients with mechanical ventilation who underwent EN treatment admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 1st, 2016 to November 30th, 2017 were enrolled, and the inclusion criteria were age ≥ 18 years, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) ≤ 15, and nutritional risk screening (NRS 2002) ≥ 3. Patients were divided into two groups according to the start time of EN: early EN group (implementation of EN within 48 hours after mechanical ventilation) and late EN group (implementation of EN after 48 hours after mechanical ventilation). The pH value of gastric juice, VAP incidence, mechanical ventilation time, and the length of ICU stay were compared between the two groups.Results A total of 108 patients were included, 54 in the early EN group and 54 in the late EN group respectively. The pH value of gastric juice in early EN group was lower than that in late EN group [4.8 (3.8, 5.8) vs. 5.6 (4.6, 6.6),P < 0.01]. There were 8 patients with VAP in the early EN group, 3 of whom were early onset VAP. There were 17 patients with VAP in the late EN group, 10 of whom were early onset VAP. The incidence of VAP and the incidence of premature VAP in the early EN group were significantly lower than those in the late EN group (14.8％ vs. 31.5％, 5.6％ vs. 18.5％, bothP < 0.05). The mechanical ventilation time [days: 7.5 (5.7, 9.0) vs. 8.6 (6.8, 10.7) and the length of ICU stay [days: 10.0 (8.5, 11.7) vs. 11.0 (9.5, 12.6)] in the early EN group were significantly shorter than those in the late EN group (allP < 0.05).Conclusion At the same time of protecting gastric mucosa, early EN is helpful to reduce the incidence of VAP, reduce the duration of mechanical ventilation and the length of ICU stay, and improve the prognosis.

ObjectiveTo explore the comprehensive effects of Qingxin Zishen decoction on the symptom score and neuroendocrine indexes and the mechanism of the decoction in regulating KNDy neurons in the patients with menopausal syndrome. MethodA total of 60 patients with menopausal syndrome due to yin deficiency with effulgent fire who attended the menopausal outpatient of Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine were randomized into an experimental （Qingxin Zishen decoction） group （30 cases） and a control （femoston） group （30 cases）. The treatment lasted for 12 weeks in both groups. The two groups were compared in terms of the comprehensive efficacy， frequency and degree of hot flashes and sweating， modified Kupperman score， and the serum levels of hypothalamic peptide kisspeptin， neurokinin B （NKB）， dynorphin （Dyn）， follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， and estradiol （E₂）. Result① Comprehensive efficacy： The comprehensive efficacy of the two groups was comparable. ② Frequency and degrees of hot flashes and sweating： After treatment， the frequency and degrees of hot flashes and sweating in the two groups were reduced （P<0.05） and the control group outperformed the experimental group （P<0.05）. ③ Modified Kupperman score and menopausal symptoms： After treatment， the modified Kupperman score decreased in both groups （P<0.05）. After 4 weeks of treatment， the experimental group was superior to the control group in terms of the scores of dizziness and headache （P<0.05）. ④ Serum levels of sex hormones： After treatment， the serum E₂ level elevated and the FSH level lowered in both groups （P<0.05）， and the changes were more obvious in the control group （P<0.05）. ⑤ Neuroendocrine indexes： After treatment， the serum levels of kisspeptin and NKB in the two groups decreased （P<0.05）， and the serum Dyn level in the experimental group increased （P<0.05）. Moreover， the experimental group had higher Dyn level than the control group after treatment （P<0.05）. ConclusionQingxin Zishen decoction can alleviate hot flashes， sweating， and other symptoms in the women with menopausal syndrome by acting on the KNDy neurons to lower the kisspeptin and NKB levels and elevate the Dyn level. The findings provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of hot flashes in menopause.

Objective To prepare 4-sulfonylcalix[6]arene-modified cotton fibers for adsorption and removal of uranium based on the specific complexation of calix[6]arene with uranium (VI). Methods Chemical grafting was used for the modification of cotton, which reacted with α-bromoisobutyryl bromide, glycidyl methacrylate, and 4-sulfonylcalix[6]arene. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the structure of 4-sulfonylcalix[6]arene-modified cotton (Cotton S-C[6]a). A Franz diffusion cell was used to simulate uranium-contaminated skin. Laser fluorimetry was used to determine the uranium content. Results SEM, XPS, and FTIR showed that cotton fibers were successfully grafted with 4-sulfonylcalix[6]arene. The optimal conditions of Cotton S-C[6]a for the adsorption of uranium (VI) was pH 4.0, duration of 20 min, and 20 mg of adsorbent. The adsorption process fitted well with pseudo-secondary-order kinetics. The uranium removal efficiency of Cotton S-C[6]a was up to 78.46% in aqueous solution and 81.72% on skin. Conclusion The synthesized Cotton S-C[6]a is highly efficient in the removal of uranium (VI) in solution and on contaminated skin.