Objective To summary MRI features of children syringohydromyelia in primary tethered cord syndrome and analyze the correlation.Methods 84 syringohydromyelia cases were analyzed retrospectively.The imaging features of syringohydromyelia including the location,the size and the shape,the syrinx index and so on were analyzed,and the correlation of syringohydromyelia with various diseases which caused tethered cord syndrome were analyzed simultaneously.Results The central canal of the spinal cord was filiform in 1 5 cases,fine tubular in 21 cases and cystic dilatation in 48 cases.There were no relation to the length and width with the age.There was statistically significance in syrinx index(>40%)with diastematomyelia(P =0.017),and no relation to other types of tethered cord syndrome.Diastematomyelia and myelocele were risk factors for cystic dilatation of syringohydromyelia.Conclusion Diastematomyelia and myelocele have a higher incidence in cystic dilatation of syringohydromyelia than that in other types of tethered cord syndrome,and diastematomyelia is more common in association with bigger syrinx index of syringohydromyelia.

Purpose To study the MRI manifestations of hippocampus with acute injury in children with epilepsy, and to explore its causes and outcomes for a better understanding of the changes of hippocampal structure with acute injury.Materials and Methods The clinical and imaging data of 8 children with epilepsy whose hippocampus showed hyperintensity in DWI were retrospectively analyzed. The bilateral hippocampal volume and ADC values were measured; changes of hippocampal volume and T2WI signal and ADC value were also analyzed.Results Eight patients were clinically diagnosed as epilepsy, 7 cases had recurrent history of seizures. MRI was performed from 1 to 5 days after the onset of epilepsy. All the 8 patients had increased unilateral hippocampal volume, 6 of whom were on the left side and the other 2 were on the right side. The affected ipsilateral hippocampal volume was significantly higher than that on the contralateral side [(2.096±0.570) cm3 and (1.768±0.447) cm3, respectively,t=-4.763,P<0.01]. The signals increased on T2WI and FLAIR; DWI showed hyperintensity with increase by approximately 25.52%. The affected ipsilateral ADC value was significantly lower than the contralateral one [(0.763±0.049)×10-3 mm2/s and (0.859±0.054)×10-3 mm2/s, respectively, t=9.598,P<0.01]. No abnormalities were found in bilateral hippocampus when 3 patients underwent MRI due to febrile convulsions and seizures before the onset of epilepsy. The affected ipsilateral hippocampal volume reduced in 3 patients after 3 to 5 months;signal was still high on T2WI and FLAIR; ADC values increased by 15.6%, the imaging results indicated hippocampal sclerosis.Conclusion Epilepsy can cause acute injury in hippocampus which demonstrates hippocampus swelling, signal increase on T2WI, and reduced ADC value and may lead to hippocampal sclerosis.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value and limitations of dual-energy virtual non-con-trast images of dual-source CT in common benign liver diseases. Methods Dual-source CT was performed on 226 upper abdomen pathogenesis patients. The conventional non-contrast (CNC) scan was performed with single-energy mode, the arterial phase and portal phase scans were performed with dual-energy mode. The virtual non-contrast (VNC) images were derived from the portal data using liver virtual non-contrast software. 117 patients with common benign liver diseases were retrospectively analyzed in CNC and VNC. The lesion detectability, effective radiation doses for single-energy mode and dual-energy mode were compared. Results Among 117 patients, there were 28 (73.6%) hemangiomas, 58 (85.3%) calcifications or stones in VNC, but the hemangiomas, calcifications or stones in CNC were 37 (97.3%) and 68 (100%), respectively. The hemangiomas, calcifications or stones in VNC and CNC were significantly different (P < 0.05). The detection of cyst and hepatic steatosis on VNC images were similar as CNC(P > 0.05). The CTDIvol, DLP and ED of dual-energy mode were obviously lower than those of single-energy mode (P < 0.05). Conclusion The detection of hemangiomas, calcifications or stones on VNC images is lower than CNC images. There is no difference in detecting cyst and hepatic steatosis. In addition, radiation dose will be reduced due to adopting VNC.VNC has potential clinical application value.

Objective To analyze the relationship between onset of myocardial infarction(MI)to bivalent antibiotics therapy and outcome in elderly female MI patients.Methods One hundred and fourteen elderly MI patients admitted to our hospital from January 2016to January 2018were divided intoΔT≤188min group(n=57)andΔT＞188min group(n=57)according to the onset of MI to bivalent antibiotics therapy.The major adverse cardiac events(MACE),arrhythmia,angina pectoris,heart failure and death were compared between the two groups.Results MACE occurred in 44out of the 144MI patients included in this study.Of the 44MI patients,17died,6 were diagnosed with arrhythmia,16were diagnosed with angina pectoris,5were diagnosed with heart failure.The incidence of arrhythmia,heart failure and the mortality were significantly higher while the incidence of angina pectoris was significantly lower inΔT≤188min group than inΔT＞ 188min group(7.0％vs 3.5％,7.0％vs 1.8％,15.8％vs 14.0％,7.0％vs 21.1％,P＜0.05).Age,diabetes,ΔT,hyperlipidemia,hypertension and coronary artery disease were the independent influencing factors for the poor outcome in MI patients(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion TheΔT should be shortened,the MI patients should be timely treated,the criminal blood vessels should be opened,and the ischemic myocardium should be saved in order to prevent the occurrence of severe cardiovascular events and reduce the mortality in elderly MI patients.

OBJECTIVETo identify potential mutation of TRAPPC2 gene in a Chinese family affected with X-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda (X-SEDL), and explore its underlying molecular mechanism.

METHODSPeripheral blood samples were collected from 32 members of the family and 50 healthy adults to extract genomic DNA. DNA sequences of exons 3 to 6 and their exon/intron boundaries were amplified with PCR amplification. Direct bi-directional sequencing analysis was performed on the PCR products. The sequences were aligned to the reference sequences from the GenBank to determine mutation site and type.

RESULTSA nucleotide substitution of the splice-donor in TRAPPC2 intron 3, c.93+5G>A, was detected in the proband, but no sequence change was detected in TRAPPC2 exons 3 to 6. All of the 6 male patients and 8 female carriers from the family were detected to have carried this mutation. The same mutation was not found in the remaining 18 family members with a normal phenotype and 50 healthy controls.

CONCLUSIONWe have detected a c.93+5G>A mutation in the TRAPPC2 gene in a Chinese family affected with X-SEDL. Our results have expanded the spectrum of TRAPPC2 mutations and is helpful for presymptomatic and prenatal diagnoses of this disease.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Child ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exons ; Female ; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked ; genetics ; Humans ; Introns ; Male ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Osteochondrodysplasias ; genetics ; Pedigree ; Transcription Factors ; genetics

Objective To explore the value of ultra-large pitch Turbo Flash scan mode in the diagnosis of tracheal foreign body in infants.Methods The imaging data of 60 infants with foreign body in trachea confirmed by bronchus endoscopy were analyzed retrospectively. The 60 infants were equally divided into 2 groups according to the scanning time.For group A,the routine scan with the mode of CARE Dose 4D/CARE kV and pitch as 1.9 was performed.For group B,the scan with ultra-large pitch Turbo Flash model was performed.The scanning time,volume CT dose index (CTDIvol)and dose length product (DLP)of each patient were recorded in both groups and statistically analyzed.Results The scanning time,DLP and CTDIvol of group A and group B were statistically significant.CTDIvol and DLP of group B were significantly lower than those of group A (P＜0.05).The diagnostic accuracy of group A and B were 100%(30/30),respectively (P＞0.05).The foreign body display of group A and B were 100% (30/30),respectively (P＞0.05).Conclusion Ultra-large pitch Turbo Flash can be used to detect tracheal foreign body in infants.It can significantly reduce radiation dose,shorten examination time and obtain satisfactory image quality.