OBJECTIVE:To prepare Weikang capsule and establish its quality standard METHODS:Weikang capsule was prepared with gentamycin sulfate,vitamin B1,vitamin B2,vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 A polarimetry was established for determining the content of gentamycin sulfate in Weikang capsule RESULTS:There was a good linearity between optical rotations and concentrations of gentamycin sulfate from 2 000IU/ml to 12 000IU/ml with a regression equation of ?=0 00 767+1 77 003C,r=0 9 999 The average recovery rate of gentamycin sulfate in Weikang capsule was 100 1%,RSD was 0 79%(n=6) The results of polarimetry and microbioassay were nearly equivalent CONCLUSION:The preparation process of Weikang capsule is simple,and polarimetry for determination of the content of gentamycin sulfate in Weikang capsule wes rapid and reliable

OBJECTIVE: To prepare ethacridine lactate solution and to evaluate its quality.METHODS: The solution was prepared with ethacridine lactate as principal components and sterilized by steam sterilization.HPLC method was used for the determination of ethacridine.Calesil ODS column was used with mobile phase consisted of methanol-acetonitrile-0.05% sodium laurysulfonate (pH=3.0,20 ∶ 20 ∶ 60) at detection wavelength of 270 nm.The column temperature was set at 30 ℃ and injection volume was 10 ?L.The effect of sterilization on the content of preparation was determined.RESULTS: The preparation assumed as yellow transparent solution.The linear range of ethacridine was 5～50 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 9) with an average recovery of 101.47% (RSD=1.32%,n=9).The content of ethacridine in the solution was not changed after sterilization.CONCLUSION: The quality of prepared ethacridine lactate solution is up to the standard.

Objective To construct a key nursing technology system for the treatment of patients exposed to nuclear radiation in hospitals,and provide technical guidance and support for emergency nursing rescue in hospitals of nuclear radiation accidents.Methods A research group was composed of a team with rich experience in nuclear radiation accidents.Based on 4 scenarios of nuclear radiation accidents(including external irradiation,internal irradiation,external contamination,internal contamination),the literature search was conducted to form the first draft of the system.Delphi method was used to complete 2 rounds of expert letter consultation,and the final draft of the key nursing technology system for hospital treatment of patients with nuclear radiation exposure was constructed according to the revised opinions of experts.Results A total of 16 experts completed 2 rounds of correspondence.The effective recovery rates were 100％and 80％;the recommendation rates were 65％and 50％;the authority coefficients(Cr)were 0.778 and 0.797;the coefficient of variation(CV)of the 2 rounds of expert letter consultation was ≤0.25.Finally,a key nursing technology system for in-hospital treatment of patients with nuclear radiation exposure was formed,including 5 first-level indicators,26 second-level indicators and 74 third-level indicators.Conclusion The constructed key nursing technology system for hospital treatment of patients with nuclear radiation exposure is highly practical and scientific,and it is conducive to the formation of standardized nuclear radiation exposure treatment procedures,and provides a theoretical basis for the training and evaluation of nursing staff related to nuclear radiation exposure.

Objective:To explore the application value of CT measurement of renal depth correction, optimized acquisition and post-processing in the measurement of renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by Gates renal dynamic imaging.Methods:From January 2018 to November 2019, 157 patients (102 males, 55 females, age (51.4±14.5) years) including 118 in normal renal area group (adults with normal renal position and morphology, and excluding hydronephrosis, renal occupation, retroperitoneal mass and other factors affecting renal depth) and 39 in abnormal renal area group (19 of transplanted kidney, 11 of horseshoe kidney and 9 of ectopic kidney), were retrospectively enrolled in Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. The GFR was measured by renal dynamic imaging Gates method. For the normal renal area group, the renal depth was calculated by CT method, the traditional Tonnesen formula or the Li Qian formula. For the abnormal renal area group, the GFR was measured by optimized acquisition and post-processing method (GFR optimization), the traditional post-processing method (GFR tradition), or Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula method (eGFR). The differences of the renal depth and corresponding GFR obtained by different methods were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference (LSD) t test. The correlation was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis, and the consistency was analyzed by Bland-Altman analysis. Results:In the normal renal area group, the left and right renal depth measured by CT were (7.40±1.43) and (7.51±1.37) cm. Tonnesen formula underestimated renal depth (left kidney: (6.03±0.82) cm, right kidney: (6.06±0.84) cm; F values: 64.145 and 68.567, both P<0.01), and the deviation increased with the increase of CT measured depth ( r values: 0.847 and 0.834, both P<0.01). The GFR measured by Tonnesen formula was (56.93±28.42) ml·min -1·1.73 m -2, and the difference was statistically significant compared with CT method ((73.43±36.56) ml·min -1·1.73 m -2; F=9.423, P<0.01). The renal left and right depth measured by Li Qian formula were (7.55±1.03) and (7.52±0.98) cm, and the total GFR was (73.65±34.50) ml·min -1·1.73 m -2 with no differences compared with CT method (all P>0.05). The GFR obtained by Li Qian formula had better correlation ( r=0.901, P<0.01) and consistency with CT method. In the abnormal renal area group, GFR optimization, GFR tradition and eGFR was (63.11±27.40), (48.40±25.45) and (59.89±32.24) ml·min -1·1.73 m -2, respectively, and the difference between GFR tradition and GFR optimization was statistically significant ( F=2.870, P=0.025). GFR optimization had better correlation ( r=0.941, P<0.01) and consistency with eGFR. Conclusions:Tonnesen formula underestimates the renal depth. Using CT to measure renal depth and perform depth correction can improve the accuracy of Gates method for GFR determination. For the special cases of transplanted kidney, horseshoe kidney, ectopic kidney and retroperitoneal mass, it is important to optimize acquisition scheme and post-processing method to obtain accurate GFR.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of different sphere volumes, target background ratio (T/B) and post-processing correction techniques on the quantitative results of 99Tc m SPECT/CT. Methods:Six spheres with different diameters (37, 28, 22, 17, 13, 10 mm) in National Electrical Manufacturers Association International Electrotechnical Commission (NEMA IEC) models were filled with a mixture of 0.54 MBq/ml 99Tc m and iodixanol. The mixture iodine content was about 0.3%(135 mg), which led to different T/B (32∶1, 16∶1, 8∶1, 4∶1) by changing the radioactivity concentration of the cylinder. Routine imaging was performed on different T/B phantoms which were scanned by SPECT/CT. The CT threshold method was used for the delineation of volume of interest (VOI). Then the same processing correction technique and ordered-subsets expectation maximization (OSEM) parameters were used to calculate the radioactivity concentrations of different spheres, and further compared with the true values, and the accuracies were calculated. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to evaluate the relationships between sphere volume, T/B and quantitative results. The sphere with T/B of 32∶1 and diameter of 37 mm were processed by 3 correction techniques (CT attenuation correction (CTAC)+ scatter correction (SC)+ resolution recovery (RR); CTAC+ SC; CTAC+ RR). One-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference t test were used to analyzed the effects of 3 correction techniques on the quantitative results and image contrasts. Results:There were significant relationships between the sphere volumes, T/B and the quantitative accuracy ( r values: 0.757, 0.409, both P<0.05). There were significant differences of 3 correction techniques on the quantitative results and image contrast ( F values: 139.665 and 38.905, both P<0.001). Among them, the quantitative error of CTAC+ SC+ RR was lower than that of CTAC+ SC ((9.63±8.82)% vs (38.89±2.17)%; P<0.001), and similar to that of CTAC+ RR ((8.70±6.64)%; P>0.05). The quantitative error of CTAC+ RR was lower than that of CTAC+ SC ( P<0.001). The image contrast of CTAC+ SC+ RR was higher than that of CTAC+ SC ((93.45±0.91)% vs (92.41±0.25)%; P<0.001) and the image contrast of CTAC+ SC was higher than that of CTAC+ RR ((91.37±0.87)%; P<0.001). Conclusions:The larger sphere volume and the higher T/B, the more quantitative accuracy. The volume has a more significant effect on quantitative accuracy than T/B. Choosing the appropriate correction technique is helpful to quantitative accuracy improvement. It is suggested to use CTAC+ SC+ RR in quantitative processing.

Objective:To compare ocular surface dry eye-related indexes and tear cytokine level changes in chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD) patients after receiving topical treatment of 0.05% cyclosporine or 0.1% tacrolimus eye drops.Methods:A randomized controlled study was conducted.A total of 60 chronic oGVHD patients (60 eyes) were recruited at Beijing University Third Hospital from April 2020 to April 2021.The patients were divided into tacrolimus group and cyclosporine group by a random number table, with 30 patients (30 eyes) in each group.Patients in tacrolimus group used 0.1% tacrolimus eye drops (twice a day) and patients in cyclosporine group used 0.05% cyclosporine eye drops (4 times a day).Additionally, 0.1% flumetholon (twice a day), deproteinized calf blood extract (3 times a day), and 0.1% sodium hyaluronate eye drops (8 times a day) were applied for anti-inflammation and lubrication in both groups.Patients were screened according to exclusion criteria after 1-month treatment.Eventually, 21 patients (21 eyes) in tacrolimus group and 12 patients (12 eyes) in cyclosporine group were included for further study.Patients were examined before and 1 month after treatment.The primary evaluation indexes included Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), corneal fluorescein staining scores and tear film break-up time (BUT).Expressions of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-17, epidermal growth factor (EGF), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in tears were detected before and after treatment using Luminex chip.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Peking University Third Hospital (No.M2020489).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject before any medical examination.Results:The OSDI differences between before and after treatment were 0.4(-5.6, 2.5) in tacrolimus group and 27.2(4.6, 45.0) in cyclosporine group, and the OSDI improvement was significantly greater in cyclosporine group than in tacrolimus group ( Z=-2.547, P=0.009).The differences of corneal fluorescein staining scores and BUT between before and after treatment were 5.0(2.5, 10.0) scores and 3.5(-0.5, 13.8) seconds in tacrolimus group, 0.0(-3.0, 0.0) scores and -1.5(-3.0, 0.0) seconds in cyclosporine group, respectively, with no significantly difference between both groups ( Z=-0.526, -0.804; both at P>0.05).The differences of IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, EGF and TNF-α expressions between before and after treatment in tacrolimus group and cyclosporine group were not significantly different ( Z=-0.487, -0.112, -0.412, -1.085, -1.198; all at P>0.05). Conclusions:Altered levels of all tested cytokines in oGVHD tears are of no significant differences between tacrolimus and cyclos porine treatment.In addition, 0.05% cyclosporine eye drops may be more comfortable than 1% tacrolimus for chronic oGVHD patients.