The relevant literatures were looked up, summarized, classified and reviewed, and the research progress in decolorization methods for the extracts of traditional Chinese medicines containing polysaccharide was introduced.The decolorization methods commonly used for polysaccharide extracts of traditional Chinese medicines were activated carbon decolorization, macroporous resin decolorization, hydrogen peroxide decolorization, sodium hypochlorite decolorization and so on.According to the combination form of polysaccharide and pigment, the suitable decolorization method should be selected to improve the purity of polysaccharide and the quality of related preparations, which shows guidance effect on fine finishing of traditional Chinese medicines.

Objective: To optimize the decolorization technology of activated carbon for the plant pigment in Bletilla striata polysaccharide.Methods: Using L 9 (3 4) orthogonal test with activated carbon as the decolorizer, the amount of activated carbon, decolorization temperature, decolorization liquid pH and decolorization time were investigated.The decolorization rate and polysaccharide retention rate were investigated.The decolorization rate and polysaccharide retention rate were taken as the indices.Results: The optimum decolorization technology was as follows: the amount of activated carbon was 1.0%, the decolorization temperature was 40 ℃, the pH value was 5 and the decolorization time was 30 min.Under those conditions, the decolorization rate of Bletilla striata polysaccharide was 91.3% and the retention rate of polysaccharide was 80.6%.Conclusion: The selected decolorization technology of activated carbon can make Bletilla striata polysaccharide get the best decolorizing effect.

Objective:To investigate the current situation of insomnia in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and analyze the influencing factors of insomnia in the ACS patients, so as to provide information on the development of new strategies for the treatment of insomnia in ACS patients.Methods:This is a multicenter and prospective observational study. A total of 771 ACS patients who met the criteria were selected from March 2013 to June 2015. The baseline social demographic information, sleep quality questionnaire, general anxiety disorder scale-7(GAD-7),patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9), short-form 12 health survey questionnaire(SF-12), and enhancing recovery in coronary heart disease patients social inventory(ESSI) were completed within 7 days after admission. Logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the influencing factors of insomnia in ACS patients.Results:A total of 741 subjects with valid questionnaires were collected, including 510 males (68.8%) and 231 females (31.2%). Among them, 487 (65.7%) subjects had at least one insomnia symptom: 308 (41.6%) subjects had difficulty in falling asleep, 369 (49.8%) subjects were easy to wake at night, 116 (15.7%) subjects woke up earlier than they expected, 74 (10.0%) subjects experienced both woke up earlier and difficulty in falling asleep, and 53 (7.2%) subjects woke up earlier, woke up at night and had difficulty in falling asleep at the same time. Logistic regression analyses showed that before admission physical activity ( OR =0.636, 95% CI 0.411-0.984), depression ( OR=1.908, 95% CI 1.101-3.305) and low social support ( OR=0.278, 95% CI 1.198-3.301) were independent factors of insomnia in ACS patients. Conclusions:Nearly 2/3 ACS patients have symptoms of insomnia. Difficulty in falling asleep and easy to wake up at night are the most common manifestations. Physical activity, depression and social support independently are associated with insomnia.

OBJECTIVE To explore the feasibility of detection for mutated BRAF V600E gene based on amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS),and to evaluate its clinical significance of BRAF V600E gene mutation in thyroid nodules.METHODS The method of ARMS was used to detect BRAF V600E mutation status in 179 patients with PTC and 115 patients with benign lesions.The diagnosis index of BRAF V600E mutation status for identifying the nature of the thyroid nodule was calculated.The potential correlation between BRAF V600E mutation and PTC clinicpathological characteristics was also analyzed.RESULTS Detection of BRAF V600E mutation status in thyroid lesions based on ARMS was feasible and believable.The positive rate of mutated BRAF V600E gene in PTC was 82.68％,whereas the rate in benign lesions was only 1.74％,indicating statistical differences between the two groups(x2=183.568,P＜0.01).The diagnostic sensitivity of BRAF V600E mutation was 82.68％,specificity was 98.26％,accuracy was 88.76％,and Youden index was 0.8094.There was no associations between the BRAF V600E mutation status and PTC clinicpathological characteristics(eg.gender,age,tumor size,numbers of lesions,bilateral lesions,extrathyroidal extension and lymph node metastasis).CONCLUSION Detection of BRAF V600E mutation based on ARMS has higher sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing PTC from benign lesions,indicating BRAF V600E gene is an ideal marker of PTC for clinical early diagnosis.

Objective To study the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in patients with lung cancer,and analyze the prevention strategies. Methods A total of 312 cases of lung cancer patients with infection treated in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2021 were selected as the research objects.The lower respiratory tract secretions,urine and feces were collected for pathogen culture and drug sensitivity test;the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens were analyzed,and the corresponding prevention strategies were formulated. Results Of the 312 patients, 165 (52.88%) had respiratory tract infection, 79 (25.32%) had oropharyngeal infection, and 68 (21.80%) had urinary tract infection.The highest proportion was respiratory infection.Among the 312 patients,398 pathogens were detected of which 212 Gram-positive bacterias (53.27%)were found of which Staphylococcus epidermidis(15.58%)and Staphylococcus aureus(13.07%)accounted for a relatively high proportion. Among 175 Gram-negative strains,Klebsiella pneumoniae(15.94%)and E.coli (10.05% ) accounted for a large proportion.The resistance rate of Gram-positive bacteria,such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus,to amikacin,gentamicin and penicillin,was more than 50%,which was sensitive to vancomycin. Gram negative bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumoniae and E.coli have high resistance to common antibiotics,and the drug resistance rate to cefepime and cefazolin is more than 50%,and sensitive to imipenem/cilastatin and imipenem/cilastatin.Among 11 fungi,4 cases were resistant to fluconazole , 36.36%,3 to itraconazole,27.27%,0 to ketoconazole and voriconazole,0.00%. Conclusion The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in patients with lung cancer infection in our hospital have certain characteristics,in which Gram-positive bacteria are mainly Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus,Gram-negative bacteria are mainly Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli,and there are also a small number of fungal infections.Therefore,we should strengthen the monitoring of etiology and drug resistance,and strengthen the management of hospital disinfection Drug sensitivity results of patients,rational use of antibiotics,so as to improve the treatment effect and reduce the risk of infection.