Objective To investigate the effects of propofol on the survival rate of and the expression ofinducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the cultured hippocampal neurons.Methods Hippocampal neuronsisolated from new-born SD rats were dispersed and cultured in B27 culture medium for 9-10days.The culturedhippocampal neurons were randomized to one of 4 groups: (1)control group; (2) anoxia group; (3)propofol 4?g?ml~(1) + anoxia group; (4) propofol 12 ?g?ml~(-1)+ anoxia group. For anoxia the cultured hippocampal neurons wereplaced in a tightly closed vessel filled with 95 % N_2～5% CO_2 at 37℃ for 4h,followed by 24 h reoxygenation. Inthe propofol groups (group 3 and 4) propofol was added before anoxia. Survival rates were measured by MTTassay The levels of iNOS expression were determined by immunocytochemistry method.Results In the twopropofol groups (group 3 and 4) propofol attenuated the levels of iNOS expression in the cultured hippocampalneurons and increased the survival rates as compared with anoxia group (group 2). Depofol reduced the levels ofiNOS expression in a concentration-dependent manner.Conclusion Propofol can decrease the level of iNOSexpression in cultured hippocampal neurons induced by anoxia-reoxygenation and increase the survival rate ofhippocampal neuron after anoxia-reoxygenation. Inhibition of iNOS expression may explain partly the mechanism ofcerebral protective effects of propofol.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of PDGF and PDGFR and MVC in human gastric carcinoma. Methods The expression of PDGF and PDGFR in 57 cases with gastric carcinoma was detected by immunohistochemical method of avidin-biotin complex in formalin-fixed and routinely paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Results The expression of PDGF and PDGFR was significantly related to the infiltrative depth and regional lymph nodes metastasis of gastric carcinoma. The positive rates of PDGF and PDGFR in the cases with invasive depth over 2/3 muscular layer were 61 8% and 58 8% respectively, which were obviously higher than those(26 1%, 26 1%) in the ones with invasive depth less 2/3 muscular layer(P

Objective To explore the effects of Sanchi gel on MMP-1 and TIMP-1 expression in epidural adhesion after laminectomy. Methods Laminectomy model was set up in SD rats. 72 SD model rats were divided randomly into Saline group, Zhanlp group, Carbopol Gel group and Sanchi Gel group, with 18 rats in each group. On 7, 14 and 21 days after the laminectomy, immunohistochemistry (method of S-P) was adopted to detect the expression of TIMP-1 and MMP-1. Results Different treatments had different influence on TIMP-1 and MMP-1 expression in epidural adhesion. The expression of TIMP-1 increased gradually on 14 dand 21 d after operation, and Sanqi Gel group showed weaker expression than the other groups (P＜0.05), but the number of positive cells decreased gradually. As to the expression of MMP-1, there was no difference among each group at the end of the second week (P＞0.05). There was a difference between Sanchi Gel group and the other groups at the end of third week (21 d) (P＜0.05) after operation. Sanchi Gel group showed higher expression of TIMP-1 than the other groups. The number of positive cells sharply decreased from 14 d to 21 d after operation. Conclusion Sanchi Gel has a significant preventive effect on fibrous scar formation after laminectomy. The possible mechanism of preventing epidural adhesion after laminectomy by Sanchi Gel could be its regulating and controlling the expression of TIMP-1 and MMP-1 in epidural tissue.

In surgery operations, wound should be cleaned with warm sterilized saline solution. In order to reach rapidly warming the washing solution from the room temperature during the surgery, we designed a thermostatic medical infusion pump. The present paper mainly presents researches on the two temperature control methods in the standby mode and in the flushing mode of the system. In the standby mode, the traditional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm was adopted. In the flushing mode, dynamic characteristics of the system was changed in real time, which made the thermostatic control process more complex, and the fitted control function combined with the PID control algorithm was adopted in this mode. The temperature control parameters were adjusted in real time according to the initial temperature and the flow rate of the washing solution to obtain a constant temperature of the washing solution, no matter how the initial temperature and the flow rate are changed. The experiment results showed that this kind of control system performed well with a high accuracy.
Algorithms ; Equipment Design ; Infusion Pumps ; Sodium Chloride ; Solutions ; Temperature

Objective To investigate the safety and efficiency of China-made stent in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods Thirty-six patients with AMI were enrolled in our study,with mean age(57?9.7)years old.China-made stent were implanted successfully.Eighteen patients had acute anterior myocardial infarction,14 had acute inferior myocardial infarction,2 had acute lateral myocardial infarction,2 had acute posterior accompanied with right ventricular myocardial infarction.There were 12 patients with diabetes,20 patients with hypertension,18 patients with smoking.Results Thirty-seven China-made stents were implanted in the 36 patients.There were no complications during the procedure.All have acquired TIMI 3 flow.There were no thrombosis in the stent in 20 patients at the 7-day following up.Conclusion It is safe and efficient with the China-made stent implanted in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Objective:To observe the expression of S100A8 in plasma exosomes, microvesicles (MV), plasma and vitreous in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR), and verify it in a diabetic rat model, and to preliminarily explore its role in the occurrence and development of DR.Methods:A case-control study. From September 2018 to December 2019, a total of 73 patients with type 2 diabetes, hospitalized patients undergoing vitrectomy, and healthy physical examinations in the Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital were included in the study. Among them, plasma were collected from 32 patients and vitreous fluid were collected from 41 patients, which were divided into plasma sample research cohort and vitreous sample research cohort. The subjects were divided into simple diabetes group (DM group), non-proliferative DR group (NPDR group) and proliferative DR group (PDR group) without fundus changes; healthy subjects were regarded as normal control group (NC group). In the study cohort of vitreous samples, the control group was the vitreous humor of patients with epimacular membrane or macular hole. Plasma exosomes and microvesicles (MVs) were separated using ultracentrifugation. Transmission electron microscopy, nanometer particle size analyzer and Western blot (WB) were used to characterize exosomes and MVs. The mass concentration of S100A8 was determined by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Eighteen healthy male Brown Norway rats were divided into normal control group and diabetic group with 9 rats in each group by random number table method. The rats of diabetes group were induced by streptozotocin to establish diabetic model. Five months after modeling, immunohistochemical staining and WB were used to detect the expression of S100A8 in the retina of rats in the normal control group and the diabetes group. t test was used for the comparison of measurement data between the two groups. Single-factor analysis of variance were used for the comparison of multiple groups of measurement data.parison of measurement data between the two groups. Single-factor analysis of variance were used for the comparison of multiple groups of measurement data. Results:Exosomes and MVs with their own characteristics were successfully separated from plasma. The concentrations of plasma exosomes and vitreous S100A8 in the PDR group were higher than those in the NPDR group, DM group, NC group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.039, 0.020, 0.002, 0.002, P<0.000,<0.000). In the plasma sample cohort study, It was not statistically significant that the overall comparison of the S100A8 mass concentrations of plasma and plasma MV in the four groups of subjects ( F=0.283, 0.015; P=0.836, 0.996). Immunohistochemical staining showed that retinal ganglion cells, bipolar cells, cone rod cells and vascular endothelial cells in the diabetic group all expressed S100A8 protein. Compared with the normal control group, the expression level of S100A8 in the retina of the diabetic group increased, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=8.028, P=0.001). Conclusions:The level of S100A8 protein in circulating exosomes increases significantly with the severity of DR in patients with type 2 diabetes. S100A8 may be an influential factor in the inflammatory environment of DR and a potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic target.

Objective To observe the optic disc perfusion in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) patients.Methods Forty eyes of 40 AION patients and 30 eyes of 30 normal subjects were included.The stage of the diseases was defined based on the course of the disease,including acute stage (less than 3 weeks) and recovery stage (more than 3 months).Optic disc blood flow area,outer vascular density and blood flow index were measured by optical coherence tomography angiography in all the subjects.Optic disc perfusion was observed in acute and recovery stage of disease.Results The optic disc blood flow area,outer vascular density and blood flow index were decreased of AION eyes in acute stage compared with the normal subjects,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05);while the optic disc blood flow area,outer vascular density and blood flow index of AION eyes in the recovery stage showed no significant difference compared with normal subjects (P＞0.05).Conclusion Disc perfusion is reduced in AION at the acute stage,but recovered at the recovery stage.

Idiopathic parafoveal telangiectasis (IPT) is a retinal vascular disease which is characterized by foveal and parafoveal telangiectasia.The main clinical manifestations are retinal telangiectasis,reduced retinal transparency,retinal venular dilatation,yellow exudation,retinal pigment epithelial lesions,retinal hemorrhage,macular atrophy,macular hole or lamellar hole,subretinal neovascularization and retinal detachment.According to the clinical characteristics and features of fluorescein angiography,IPT can be divided into 3 types and 6 subtypes.Laser photocoagulation,photodynamic therapy,and intravitreal injection of glucocorticoid or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs,can reduce the macular edema and neovascularization.However,due to the unclear etiology of IPT,the existing treatment measures are not specific for its etiology.We need to work hard to understand further the clinical features and pathogenesis of IPT and search the targeted treatments based on its pathogenesis mechanism.

Objective To study the effect of α-lipoic acid on the retinal expression level of VEGF and diabetic retinopathy in rats with diabetes mellitus and mechanism.Methods Totally 72 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups:12 (control group)in group A,24 in modeling group(group B),24 in group treated withα-LA(group C)and 12 in high-glucose(group D).Group B to group D were given 60 mg/kg STZ through intraperitoneal injection,rats in group C were given 100 mg/kg α-LA and rats in group D were given 5.0% glucose-solution.The body mass,FPG,FINS,HOMA-IR,expression level of VEGF,activity of SOD,GSH and IL-6 of 4 groups were compared by statistics.Results After 72 h,the FPG of group A was(4.57 ±0.1 5 )mmol/L,that of group B was (21.72±4.28)mmol/L,that of group C was(21.54±4.96)mmol/L and that of group D was(21.83±4.77)mmol/L,the difference had statistical significance (P <0.05).The body mass of group A was(210.5±5.2)g,that of group B was(21 1.2 ±5.7)g,that of group C was(209.8±5.8)g and that of group D was(208.7±3.4)g,the difference had no statistical significance (P >0.05).The body mass,FPG,FINS,HOMA-IR,expression level of VEGF,activity of SOD,GSH and IL-6 among 4 groups at 4 w,8 w and 12 w had statistical difference (P <0.05).After 12 w,the difference of GR stage among group B to group D had statistical significance (P <0.05).Conclusion α-LA can inhibit the expression of VEGF in rats with diabetes mellitus,which is related to its ability to re-duce the oxidative stress and inflammation reaction,as well as to alleviate the insulin resistance.

Objective To investigate the effect of Levocarnitine on lipid metabolism and nutritional status of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and possible mechanism. Methods A total of 40 MHD patients [mean age (53.5±7.1) years] who underwent normal hemodialysis more than 6 months were randomly classified into two groups, Levocarnitine supplemented group (LS-G) (n=20; Levocarnitine supplementation after each normal hemodialysis session, at a dose of 1.0 g/day by intravenous administration) and control group (C-G) (n=20; normal hemodialysis). Before treatment, one month and three months after treatment we respectively measured or observed the following items, the tolerance to hemodialysis, carnitine level in plasma, C-reactive protein, IL-6, TNF-α, percentage of neutrophil, and some relevant nutritional parameters, such as lipid profile, transferrin, total protein, albumin and prealbumin levels. Comparative analysis was conducted between the two groups. Results In LS-G three months after treatment, the levels of carnitine, hemoglobin, and prealbumin in plasma were significantly increased (P<0.05), but C-reactive protein, neutrophil percentage, low-density lipoprotein and triglyceride were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in contrast to those in C-G and before treatment. Transferrin, total protein, and albumin were elevated in LS-G, with no statistical significance. Conclusion There was a significant improvement of lipid metabolism and nutritional status for the long-term maintenance hemodialysis patients with Levocarnitine supplementation. And this improvement is related to the decrease of inflammatory factors.