[Objective] To investigate the therapeutic effect of Shugan Jianpi Decoction , a formula mainly composed of Radix Bupleuri, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, Radix Codonopsis, Radix Astragali, Placenta Hominis, etc., in treating iron-deficiency anemia and to explore its mechanism. [Methods] One hundred and seventy-one cases of iron-deficiency anemia were randomized to two groups: group A was treated with Shugan Jianpi Decoction and group B with ferrous sulfate for 4 weeks. Symptoms and signs of anemia were observed and levels of hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and serum ferrin (SF) were detected before and after treatment to evaluate the effects of the two drugs. [Results] The symptoms and signs of anemia were improved and levels of Hb, RBC, MCH and SF were increased after treatment in the two groups ( P

In order to evaluate the moUuseicidal effect of 50% wettable power of niclosamide ethanolamine salt(WPN)combined with urea against Oncomelania snails in the field,4 g/m~2 WPN,4 g/m~2 WPN+20 g/m2 urea and 4 g/m~2 WPN+30 g/m~2 urea were used for mollusciciding with the spraying method.The results showed after 7 days,the mortality rates of snail were 74.43% for 4 g/m~2 WPN,90.32% for 4 g/m~2 WPN+20 g/m~2 urea and 94.83% for 4 g/m~2 WPN+30 g/m~2 urea,respectively.It is indicated that WPN combined with urea can improve the molluscieidal effect significantly.

Objective To analyze the epidemiologieal characteristics of the pre-hospital care cases in Shanghai in the year 2007. Method Based the demographic records in the year 2007, the cases which from the database of Shanghai pre-hospital care center with full items were analyzed. Chi-square test and exact probabilities were used to compete the consfituent ratio; and the method of circular distribution was used to calculate the peak time, date and month. Results There were 86 815 patients with pre-hospital care well documented from the ur-ban districts of Shanghai. The ratio of male to female was 3.89: 1. The senile patients accounted for 84.95% of all the pre-hospital care ones. The major causes of disease in patients with pre-hospital care were trauma, eere-brovascular disease,cardiac diseases, coma, high fever, tumor emergency, acute abodomen emergency,OB/GYN emergency and upper G1 tract bleeding in turn. During the daytime, the occurrence of those emergency patients with pre-hospital care usually peaked at 2:15 o' clock with the high frequency in the period of 5:45 to 17:45 o' clock.The top nine diseases had their own peak time and high frequency period, respectively. Within a year, no peak date occurrence of patients with prehospital care, in tolal, was found. Howerer, the occurrence of patients with high fever, acute abdomen and upper GI bleeding had specific peak dates within a year, respectively. Conclusioes The pre-hospital care eases in the urban of Shanghai have own epidemiologieal characteristics. Perfect the construc-tion of pre-hospital emergency care system, improving the professional training, and thereby meeting the require-ments are factors in the fundamental guarantee of improving the rescue full success rate of severe patients.

Objective To explore the expression of chemerin and chemerin receptor ( chemokine-like receptor 1, CMKLR1) during different periods of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD) rat model induced by methionine- and choline-deficient ( MCD) diet. Methods Thirty-six Wistar rats were divided into control group and MCD group in random. After one week quarantine and acclimation period, these two groups were fed either normal chow or MCD diet. The animals were respectively sacrificed at the first week, the forth week, and the tenth week. The levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), blood lipid profile, liver function, and the content of triglyceride in liver were detected. HE staining was done to observe the morphologic change of liver. The mRNA expression changes of chemerin and CMKLR1 in liver were measured using real-time PCR, and the change in chemerin mRNA level was further confirmed in liver by Northern blot. Finally, the concentration of chemerin in serum was measured by Western blot. Results The mRNA level of chemerin decreased significantly after four and ten weeks MCD feeding, although no obvious changes were found at first week, similar changes were found in serum chemerin (1.00±0.11 vs 0.96±0.39; 1.00±0.12 vs 0.21 ±0.77; 1.00±0.42 vs 0.21 ±0. 11). Contrasting with the change of chemerin(1.00±0.08 vs 0.72±0.10;1.00±0.24 vs 0.63±0. 31 ;1.00±0.05 vs 0.50±0.13), the mRNA level of CMKLR1 increased after MCD feeding( 1.00±0. 14 vs 0. 84±0. 26; 1.00±0. 38 vs 1. 51 ±0. 33; 1. 01 ±0. 13 vs 1. 84 ± 0. 39 ). Conclusion The change of chemerin and its receptor may participate in the process of the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objective To study the phylogenetic evolution and genetic variations of gag gene among the prevalent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV )‐1 strains in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region . Methods Plasma samples of 158 HIV‐1 infected patients in Guangxi area were collected during October 2011 to March 2012 .The gag gene fragments of HIV‐1 were amplified by reverse transcription/nested‐polymerase chain reaction and then sequenced .MEGA 5 .03 was utilized to construct phylogenetic tree and to calculate the genetic distances and selection pressures (globle ω) of gag gene and its coding regions . The comparisons between two groups were tested by Student′s t test ,and the comparisons of multiple groups were tested by one‐way ANOVA .Results A total of 140 amplification products of gag gene were obtained from 158 samples .Four subtypes of HIV‐1 were found ,including CRF01_AE (80 ,57 .1% ) , CRF08_BC (46 ,32 .9% ) ,CRF07_BC (10 ,7 .1% ) ,and subtype B (B′) (4 ,2 .9% ) .The genetic distances of gag gene of the above subtypes were 0 .036 ± 0 .001 ,0 .031 ± 0 .002 ,0 .043 ± 0 .003 and 0 .102 ± 0 .006 ,respectively ,with statistical significance (F=220 .62 ,P<0 .01) .The p17 and p24 coding regions suffered negative selection pressure (globleω<1) .Neither the globle ω in p17 region nor that in p24 region had significant differences among different subtypes (F=0 .761 ,P=0 .469 and F=0 .037 ,P=0 .964 , respectively ) . Conclusion CRF01_AE is the major subtypes of HIV‐1 in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region .The coding regions of gag gene are relatively conserved during evolution .Changes of HIV‐1 prevalence ,however ,may affect the genetic variation of gag gene ,which should be continuously monitored .

Objective To investigate the HIV-1 drug resistance in Guangxi during 2009 to 2012 and to analyze the correlations between drug resistance and HIV-1 subtypes.Methods Patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection or acquired immune deficiency syndrome ( HIV/AIDS) were randomly re-cruited from different areas in Guangxi.HIV-1 RNA was extracted from blood samples of the subjects and converted into complementary DNA ( cDNA) by using reverse transcription.The pol gene was amplified and sequenced.Subtyping analysis was performed by using the online analysis tool of Genotyping in combination with the MEGA 5.03 software.The HIV resistance mutations were determined and scored with the use of Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database.Results A total of 196 pol gene sequences were obtained from 103 antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated subjects (52.55%) and 93 ART-na?ve subjects (47.45%).The 196 pol gene sequences were classified into four subtypes including CRF01_AE, CRF08_BC, CRF07_BC and B, accounting for 48.47%, 44.90%, 6.12%and 0.51%, respectively.The HIV drug resistance rates in sub-jects with and without ART were 10.68% and 7.53%, respectively.Among the 196 subjects, 14 cases showed low level of drug resistance, 3 cases showed moderate level of drug resistance and 4 cases showed high level of resistance.Only one case was resistant to both nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors ( NR-TIs) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors ( NNRTIs) .The resistance rates of the 196 cases to protease inhibitor (PIs), NRTIs, NNRTIs, and integrase inhibitors (INs) were 6.63%, 3.06%, 11.22%and 8.67%, respectively.The frequencies of PIs-related mutations in subtypes CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC were 6.32%, 41.67% and 2.27%, respectively.Most of the PI-related A71V/T mutations were identified in strains belonging to subtype CRF07_BC, accounting for 75% of all A71V/T mutations found in the 196 strains.The NNRTI-related E138A mutations only appeared in strains belonging to subtype CRF08_BC.Conclusion The drug resistance rate among patients with HIV-1/AIDS in Guangxi was higher than the average level in China.The drug resistance rates varied with the subtypes of HIV-1 strains.

Since the advent of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), it has been one of the main ways to treat coronary heart disease. However, compared with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), it causes more trauma, complications and pain which discourage many patients. Recently, minimally invasive CABG has gradually become one of the main choices in some medical centers with the progress of technology and the development of surgical instruments. Compared with traditional CABG, minimally invasive CABG has the advantages of less trauma, less pain, faster recovery, lower perioperative mortality and less demand for blood transfusion. In this paper, we will mainly focus on the current stage and prospect of minimally invasive CABG.

Objective:To analyze the influence of application of bilateral internal mammary artery(BIMA) with different configurations in coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).Methods:From January 2018 to December 2020, 82 patients underwent CABG using BIMA were included, with 75 males and 7 females, aged(56.9±9.8) years old. According to the target of coronary artery of BIMA, patients were divided into two groups, 23 patients(group B) who underwent the traditional operation(RIMA to the right coronary artery), and 59 patients(group L) whose RIMA were grafted to the left ventricular arteries. Also the patients were divided into two groups according to the RIMA used either in situ(group I, 57 cases) or free(group F, 25 cases). Compare the grafts flow between groups. The CTA angiography of coronary artery was completed to evaluate the grafts patency before discharge.Results:There was 1 early operative death(1.22%). The mean flow(MF) of RIMA was significantly higher in group B( P=0.013). The pulsatility index(PI) of LIMA was significantly lower and the MF of RIMA and BIMA was higher(all P<0.05), fewer patients with LIMA-MF less than 15 ml/min( P=0.023)in the group I. CTA angiography before discharge showed that only 1 RIMA to right coronary artery was occlusion. Conclusion:It is better to use BIMA in situ in CABG, RIMA used in right coronary artery can receive more satisfactory graft flow. BIMA has good patency in early stage, therefore is the ideal and stable coronary bypass graft.

Aiming at the obstacle avoidance in simulated prosthetic vision,an improved instance segmentation model SOLOv2-RS is proposed for providing a basis for implant recipients to accurately perceive the relevant instance objects of navigation tasks in low-resolution prosthetic vision.According to the visual attention mechanism,the distance from the center of the visual field and the target scale are adopted as the importance calculation criteria for each instance,and the obtained importance score is used as the basis for the hierarchical representation of the obstacles to be avoided.Meanwhile,edge information is used to cue the tactile paving,and it is morphologically inflated for avoiding the edge information loss caused by the limited phosphene.The prosthetic vision simulation results demonstrate that the hierarchical optimization processing strategy for simulated prosthetic vision can effectively achieve the optimal representation of tactile paving and obstacles,thus facilitating the implant recipients to accomplish outdoor obstacle avoidance tasks more efficiently,and providing ideas for the research on the image processing of visual prosthetic devices.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution and proportion of subtypes of pol gene in HIV-1 epidemic strains in Guangxi Autonomous Region.

METHODS152 HIV-1 patients were enrolled from 11 cities in Guangxi Autonomous Region from 2010 to 2012 by convenient sampling. Inclusion criterias were listed as the fdlowing: HIV-1 infection was confirmed by Western blot, HIV-1 viral load >1 000 copies/ml, > 18 year-old, and without any serious illnesses. 5 ml of peripheral blood samples were obtained from each patient. The viral RNA was isolated from plasma and used for amplification of full-length pol gene by nested RT-PCR. The amplified products were sequenced. After editing and modification, all sequences were characterized for preliminary subtyping by genotyping and confirmed with phylogenetic tree constructed by MEGA 5.03 software. The recombinant identification of 2 unknown recombinant strains was determined by RIP and jpHMM at GOBICS.

RESULTSAmong 152 patients, 137 full-length pol genes were successfully amplified and 127 HIV-1 subtypes were identified. The distribution and proportion of subtypes was summarized as the following 71 cases of CRF01_AE, accounting for 55.9% (71/127), 38 CRF08_BC, 29.9% (38/127), 13 CRF07_BC, 10.2% (13/127), and 3 B (B'), 2.4% (3/127), 2 unknown recombinant strains, 1.6% (2/127). In 11 cites of Guangxi Autonomous Region, subtype CRF01_AE was the dominant strain. Among heterosexual transmitted patients and drug abusers, the proportions of subtype CRF01_AE were 67.4% (58/86) and 34.1% (14/41), respectively. There was a significance different in the distribution of CRF01_AE in different routes of transmission (χ(2)=15.07, P<0.001). In age 21- 35, age 36- 60 and age>60 groups, the proportions of CRF01_AE was 43.6% (17/39), 57.6% (38/66), 77.3% (17/22), and CRF08_BC was 43.6% (17/39), 28.8% (19/66), 9.1% (2/22), respectively, the difference in proportions was significant(χ(2)=8.48, P= 0.014). The patterns of two unknown recombinant strains were found to be CRF01_AE/B (B') and CRF01_AE/C/B(B'), respectively.

CONCLUSIONCRF01_AE was the dominant HIV-1 subtype in Guangxi Autonomous Region from 2010 to 2012, with heterosexual transmission as its main spreading route. The two unknown recombinant strains in Guangxi Autonomous Region were reconstructed by subtype CRF01_AE and CRF_BC.

Blotting, Western ; China ; epidemiology ; Cities ; Drug Users ; Genes, pol ; Genotype ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; transmission ; virology ; HIV-1 ; genetics ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Viral ; blood ; pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ; genetics