Objective To find out the status of nosocomial infection management in hemodialysis sections, in order to encourage their continuous quality improvement and standardize their management Methods 41 hemodialysis sections with (≥) 3 dialyzers and independent operation were chosen for investigation. On-site investigation and environmental microbiology monitoring combined. Results The higher the level of the hospital, the better the nosocomial infection control in its implementation of the infection control measures. In terms of rules and regulations, incompliant secondary hospitals and private hospitals accounted for 56. 2% of hospitals of the same ranking; in terms of layout and processes, 75% are found incompliant; and various defects are found in the dialyzer reuse management and disinfection in tertiary and lower hospitals. As to hand hygiene of the staff, the incompliance rate is over 55%. As indicated in the results of microbial environment monitoring, the compliance rate of dialysis water is over 90%, that of dialysate is 78.6% ～ 86.2%, and that of hand disinfection is 56.6%～78.6%.Conclusion It is imperative to strengthen the supervision of secondary hospitals and private hospitals,and to train their staff in the knowledge of hand hygiene and nosocomial infection in hemodialysis rooms.Hospitals found with poor infection management will be encouraged to take issue-specific actions for rectification.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of 3, 4-di-O-methyl-1, 2, 5, 6-D-mannitol tetranitrate(DMMTN) on acute myocardial ischemia induced by ligating coronary artery in rats. METHODS: Acute myocardial ischemia model was developed by ligating the anterior descending branch of left coronary artery in rats. The rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: sham group, model group, Lunanxinkang group, low-dose (15 mg · kg-1) DMMTN group, middle-dose (30 mg · kg-1) DMMTN group and high-dose (60 mg · kg-1) DMMTN group. The changes of ST segment and T segment of electrocardiogram at different moment were recorded after myocardial ischemia injury. At 3 h after ligation, the myocardial infarct size was measured by nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) staining method. And the activities of creatine phosphokinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined to evaluate the protective effects of DMMTN. RESULTS: DMMTN could reduce the size of myocardial infarct significantly, inhibit the rising of ST segment and T segment of electrocardiogram, decrease the level of CK, LDH and MDA, and increase the activity of SOD. CONCLUSION: DMMTN showed obvious protective effects on acute myocardial ischemia induced by ligating the coronary artery in rats. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

To construct recombinant reporter plasmids containing different Alpha gene segments and Alpha1-TFEB fusion gene and to evaluate the promoter activity of the Alpha gene. Methods:Promoter regions of the Alpha gene were predicted using a software Primer 0.5. Five Alpha gene segments with different lengths and a normal TFEB gene promoter (pTFEB) were amplified via polymerase chain reaction, and recombinant reporter plasmids containing different Alpha gene segments and a normal TFEB gene pro-moter were constructed. Liposome transfection was used to transfect these vectors into the human embryo kidney 293T cells. The pro-moter activity of the Alpha gene was evaluated via luciferase assay. Meanwhile, the recombinant Alpha1-TFEB plasmid was construct-ed and transfected into the 293T cells. The TFEB expression of the recombinant Alpha1-TFEB plasmid was then detected via Western blot. Results: Recombinant reporter plasmids containing different Alpha gene segments and pTFEB were constructed successfully. Compared with the luciferase activity of pGL3-Basic, that of the groups with Alpha1, Alpha2, Alpha3, Alpha4 and Alpha5 significantly increased (P<0.01). The luciferase activity also increased significantly in the groups with Alpha1, Alpha2 and Alpha5 compared with that of the pTFEB group (P<0.01). The TFEB expression of the pGL3-Enhancer-Alpha1-TFEB was significantly higher compared with that of the pGL3-Enhancer group. Conclusion:In t(6;11) translocation RCC, the Alpha gene has a strong promoter activity and it en-hances TFEB expression. The strongest promoter activity region is in Alpha5 with a sequence from 643 bp to 693 bp.

Objective To understand the clinical profiles of arthritis after human parvovirus B19(B19) infection.Methods Four cases were described and the clinical and laboratory characteristics were analyzed. Results The median onset age of the 4 patients(2 females and 2 males)was 34 years old.Typical clinical manifestations included joint symptoms,flu-like malaise and erythematous rash.Anti-Bl9 IgM antibodies were all positive in 4 patients.B19 DNA was detected in blood samples of 3.Other types of arthritis were excluded. No relapses were noticed after followed-up of 1～3 years.Conclusion The Anti-B19 lgM and B19 DNA should be detected in patients suffer from arthritis with unknown origin.

s: The horse mushroom (Agaricus arvensis Schaeff ex Fr.) is one of most excellent edible mushroom,and was cultivated in world at resent year.But up to now,the breeding systems and life-cycle of horse mushroom has been poorly know.In this study,the random amplified polymorphic DNA was employed to analyse the mating reaction between self-fertile homokaryonic isolates by paired.The results demonstrated: (1) the mating reaction happened and the heterokaryonic offspring formed when the intercompatible self-fertile homokaryonic isolates were paired;(2) perhaps the horse mushroom is possessed of double breeding systems-homothallism and heterothallism;(3) RAPD is very effective method for verifying artificially synthesized heterokaryons and monitoring the transmission of genetic loci in mating of fungi.

Objective To evaluate the palliative effect on pain relief in patients with multiple bone metastases treated with 89SrCl2 together with Sodium Ibandronate,Sodium Ibandronate alone and 89SrCl2 alone. Methods Eighty-four patients with bone pain secondary to bone metastases were divided into three groups. Thirty patients were treated with combined 89SrCl2 and Sodium Ibandronate,26 with 89SrCl2 alone and 28 with Sodium Ibandronate alone. The x2 test was used in data analysis. Results The overall palliative pain relief rate in the combined treatment group was 96.6 % (29/30). For the groups using Sodium Ibandronate or 89SrCl2 only,the palliative rates were 71.4% (20/28) and 73.1% (19/26),respectively. There are statistically significant differences between the combined treatment group and the other 2 groups with single treatment modalities in the overall palliative pain relief rate (x2 = 7.497 ),in terms of improvement in (1) whole body Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score (80.0% (24/30) vs 50.0% (14/28)/53.8% (14/26),x2 =35.476) and (2) focal palliative rate (47.6% (50/105) vs 11.2% (11/98)/22.2% (20/90),x2 =6. 564,all P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions Combined treatment with 89 SrCl2 and Sodium Ibandronate is more effective than single treatment modalities to relieve bone pain seccondary to multiple bone metastases.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral ; genetics ; Papillomavirus E7 Proteins ; Plasmids ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Repressor Proteins ; genetics ; Transfection ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation clinical symptoms and signs are very complicated, lumbocrural pain is the most characteristic clinical symptoms,and show the site (range or area), intensity, nature, evolution, influence factors and adjoint symptoms and so on has certain characteristics and rules. Among them, the dermatomal pain, kinesthetic dysesthesia, dynamic changing pain and lesions segment vertebral side deep tenderness are the most impotent characteristics and rules of pain, therefore, can be regarded as the main basis of clinical diagnosis of the disease, and also the core content of this article.
Back Pain ; diagnosis ; etiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; pathology

Pain is all lumbocrural pain cases very common clinical symptoms,but the etiology, pathology, site (range or area), intensity, nature, evolution situation and influence factors of pain usually has some certain characteristics and rules, these differences particularly are regarded as the primary and important basis or clue for the clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis of related diseases. In addition, according to these differences can determine the individual diagnosis of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation as well, including typical and atypical, simple and compound, the general and special cases, these be- come the basis to determine the individualized therapeutic schedule of this disese.
Back Pain ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; diagnosis

Pain is common clinical symptoms of lumbocrural, but the etiology, pathology, sites (range or area), intensity, nature, evolution situation and influence factors of pain has some certain characteristics and rules. These differences particularly were regarded as the primary and important basis or clues for the clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis of related diseases. A series of exclusive diagnosis for similar symptoms is premise of diagnosis of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion. Ideas and methods of differential diagnosis of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation can help the diagnosis and identification.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; diagnosis ; Lumbar Vertebrae