Invasive fungal infections(IFI) is significantly increasing in the neonatal intensive care unit recent years.The characteristics of IFI are low diagnosis rate,high mortality and being prone to involve in the nervous system.In this paper,the epidemiology,pathogens,risk factors,diagnosis,treatment and prevention of neonatal IFI are reviewed to improve the understanding of this disease.

Adult ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVE:To further perfect our Pharmaceutical Administration Law of PRC.METHODS:Contractive methods were used to analyze comparatively the legal liabilities in US FDCA and Pharmaceutical Administration Law of PRC with regard to awarding system for reporters,penalty terms and the disposition of the confiscated drugs.RESULTS&CON?CLUSION:Compared with the PRC Pharmaceutical Administration Law,the US FDCA is more comprehensive and more consummate.We should follow the legislative spirit in FDCA and take it as a reference to improve our Pharmaceutical Ad?ministration Law.

OBJECTIVE:To provide references for the establishment of drug recall system in China.METHODS: The drug recall system in U.S.A. was introduced so as to get some enlightenment for the drug safety in China.RESULTS & CONCLUSION: We could use the drug recall system in U.S.A. for references to improve our law criterion system and carry out drug recall system on a large scale.

Object To determine the change of benzoic acid contents in decoctions prepared from various combinations of the recipe named SIWUTANG by RP HPLC to provide a reference for the control of the acid level Methods 8 decoctions of P lactiflora either alone or in combination with one or more of the other 3 components, according to permutation and combination, were prepared and their benzoic acid contents determined by RP HPLC Results The content of benzoic acid in the decoction of Radix Paeonie Alba alone was found to be 2 74 mg/g, while that of the other 7 combinations varied from 0 41～1 11 mg/g Conclusion The content of benzoic acid in SIWUTANG could be lowered significantly by the presence of Radix Angelica Sinensis, Radix Rehmanniae, and Rhizoma Chuanxiong

Objective:To explore the chemical-biological evaluation pattern for the quality control and evaluation of Chinese materia medica solid preparations( CMMSP) according with the characteristics of Chinese traditional medicines. Methods:Lonicera granule as the model drug, the bacteria sensitive tests [minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration(MBC)] were applied to study the antimicrobial effect of Lonicera extract on 4 kinds of standard strains ( Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoni-ae, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The standard curves of the relationship between the anti-bacterial ring diameter for sensitive bacterial and the concentration of Lonicera extracts were established, and the biological potency of Lonicera granule from differ-ent manufacturers was calculated and compared with the result of the HPLC method ( measured by chlorogenic acid) . Results:The anti-microbial test showed that Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were susceptible to Lonicera, and the antibacterial circle edge for Staphylococcus aureus was clear with higher sensitivity. There was a good linear relation-ship between the logarithmic dose and the response effect when the concentration of Lonicera was within the range of 0. 014 2-0. 068 0 g· ml-1(r=0.990 9). Conclusion:As a quality control method for Lonicera and Lonicera granules, the bioassay is feasible, which can ef-fectively cooperate with the traditional test method for the quality control of Lonicera and its preparations.

Objective To explore the influence of optimizing practical teaching of on improving the application ability and clinical thinking of acupuncture professional students.Method The students of four 2012 acupuncture and massotherapy classes in the college were randomized into experiment and control groups. In the experiment group, practical teaching reform was implemented to adopt Whole course module teaching system, establish practice teaching resource database of and construct the training teaching mode of medical records as guidance, objective and “three observations, seven practices and one comparison”. In the control group, lessons were given in sequence of “meridian and acupoints first” and “needling and moxibustion methods next” of traditional course system, and the training teaching mode of teacher demonstration-student group practice-teacher comment and the teacher-led mode of operation assessment were used. At the end of term, grades were awarded by examining based meridian drawing and acupoint location, puncturing with filiform needles and based operation. Assessment was made by the teachers and experimental group students.Result There were statistically significant differences in the grades of meridian drawing and acupoint location, based puncturing with filiform needles and based operation between the experiment and control groups (<0.01). Both the teachers and experimental group students responded that the application ability was improved to a larger extent.Conclusion The practical teaching reform of is very helpful in improving students’ comprehensive quality of skills and application abilities. standardization of based based.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of detecting the homocysteine (Hcy) level by enzymatic cycling as‐say before and after radiotherapy in nasopharynx cancer .Methods 62 cases of definitely diagnosed nasopharynx cancer in our hos‐pital from September 2013 to September 2014 were included into the observation group and 60 individuals undergoing the physical examination were enrolled as the control group .The venous blood was collected once in the control group and was collected before radiotherapy and at 1 week ,1 month after the radiotherapy beginning in the observation group .The enzymatic cycling assay was used to test the Hcy level .Then the detection results were compared between the two groups .Results The Hcy level had no statis‐tically significantly difference among different stages of nasopharynx cancer before radiotherapy (F= 0 .15 ,P= 0 .86) .The Hcy level before radiotherapy and at 1 week after radiotherapy in the observation group were significantly higher than that in the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (t= - 12 .1 ,P< 0 .05 ;t= - 7 .32 ,P= 0 .00) .The Hcy level at 1 month after radio‐therapy in the observation group had no statistical difference compared with that in the control group (t= - 1 .45 ,P = 0 .15) .The Hcy level at 1 week and 1 month after radiotherapy in the observation group was significantly reduced ,which showed statistical difference compared with before radiotherapy (t= - 5 .22 ,P= 0 .00 ;t= - 13 .56 ,P= 0 .00) .Conclusion The Hcy level in the pa‐tients with nasopharynx cancer is significantly increased ,whereas with the conducting radiotherapy ,which shows the decreasing trend ,indicating that the Hcy level has certain guidance value for the diagnosis and treatment of nasopharynx cancer ,but the Hcy level has no obvious difference among different stages of nasopharynx cancer .

Post-transcriptional regulation of prokaryotes is of pivotal importance to the quality control and stability main -tenance of multiple proteins .The ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins-mediated modifications have widely participated in the manipulation of cell cycle control , subcellular localization and cellular metabolisms .Typical ubiquitin like proteins (UBLs) are ubiquitin,SUMO,Nedd8 and FAT10.Recently, the dynamic regulation mechanisms between sumoylation and de-sumoylation have become the cutting edge in the era of ubiquitin-like modifications.In this review, we briefly summa-rized the entire SUMO-mediated modification systems and the intricate balance regulation .We also discussed the counter acting star molecule SENP1 and its relationship with tumor initiation and progression ,immunological regulation and develop-mental homeostasis .

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of Vincristine sulfate for injection. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Agilent HC-C8 with mobile phase of 1.67% Diethylamine aqueous solution(adjusted to pH 7.5 with phosphoric acid)-methanol(38:62,V/V)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 297 nm,the column temperature was 35℃,and the injection volume was 10μl. RESULTS:The linear range of vincristine sulfate was 0.032-3.2 mg/ml (r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 1%;recovery was 99.3%-101.7%(RSD=0.6%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is accurate,reliable and sensitive,and can be used for the content determination of Vincristine sulfate for injection.