Congenital syphilis is a worldwide public health concern. This occurs when an infected mother transmits the infection to the fetus during pregnancy or at birth.

We present a case of a 6-day-old male, term, born to a mother with secondary syphilis, via normal spontaneous delivery. Upon birth, patient was well and not in cardiorespiratory distress. However, cutaneous examination revealed multiple, well-defined vesicles and pustules on an erythematous background, some topped with erosions and crusts on the scalp, face, extremities, and trunk. Laboratory work-up and imaging were done which revealed congenital syphilis. He was managed with intravenous Penicillin (100,000iu) 160,000 IV for ten days, and wound healing was hastened by use of a coconut-based cellulose wound dressing on the erosions. He was then referred to a multispecialty team to assess and co-manage possible complications. Regular interval follow-up and repeat laboratory tests were advised for observation and for monitoring.

Congenital syphilis is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Sequelae include preterm birth, low birth weight, skin lesions, bone deformities, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, and neurological problems. Diagnosis can be made on clinical suspicion combined with Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) and Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL). Aside from Penicillin G, wound care, nutritional build up, and close monitoring of growth and development with regular follow-ups are essential aspects in the management of congenital syphilis. With timely and adequate treatment, infants have a higher likelihood of complete resolution of symptoms, prevention of long-term complications, and improved overall health outcomes.

Human ; Male ; Infant Newborn: First 28 Days After Birth ; Syphilis, Congenital ; Syphilis