No abstract available.
*Attitude of Health Personnel ; Depression/*diagnosis ; Female ; *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Male ; Nurses/*psychology ; Nursing Staff, Hospital/*psychology

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract is subjected to a variety of disorders such as urethral stricture, which often develops as a result of scarring process. Urethral stricture can be treated by urethral dilation and urethrotomy; but in cases of long urethral strictures, substitution urethroplasty with genital skin and buccal mucosa grafts is the only option. However a number of complications such as infection as a result of hair growth in neo-urethra, and stone formation restrict the application of those grafts. Therefore, tissue engineering techniques recently emerged as an alternative approach, aiming to overcome those restrictions. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive coverage on the strategies employed and the translational status of urethral tissue engineering over the past years and to propose a combinatory strategy for the future of urethral tissue engineering. METHODS: Data collection was based on the key articles published in English language in years between 2006 and 2018 using the searching terms of urethral stricture and tissue engineering on PubMed database. RESULTS: Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into urothelial and smooth muscle cells to be used for urologic application does not offer any advantage over autologous urothelial and smooth muscle cells. Among studied scaffolds, synthetic scaffolds with proper porosity and mechanical strength is the best option to be used for urethral tissue engineering. CONCLUSION: Hypoxia-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells in combination with autologous cells seeded on a prevascularized synthetic and biodegradable scaffold can be said to be the best combinatory strategy in engineering of human urethra.
Cicatrix ; Data Collection ; Hair ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Mouth Mucosa ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Porosity ; Skin ; Tissue Engineering ; Transplants ; Urethra ; Urethral Stricture ; Urinary Tract

Introduction: A retrospective study was conducted with the aim of determining the factors that affect weight loss among post-bariatric surgery patients. Methods: A successful weight loss outcome in this study was defined as achieving at least 50% excess weight loss (EWL). Eligible participants were those who had undergone bariatric surgery at least two years prior to the study. Adherence to lifestyle recommendations post-bariatric surgery, binge eating, depression, and social support were assessed. Results: A total of 51 post-bariatric surgery patients were recruited with a mean post-operative period of 3.2±0.7 years. The mean preoperative weight of 116.6±28.8 kg and body mass index (BMI) 45.2±8.8 kg/m2 were significantly reduced to 86.6±21.0 kg and 33.6±6.7 kg/m2, respectively, during follow-up (p<0.001). A total of 66.7% of participants achieved successful weight loss following bariatric surgery, with a mean EWL of 73.6±21.9% and total weight loss (TWL) of 29.4±8.7%. According to multivariate regression analysis adjusted for age and gender, pre-operative weight (β=-1.580, p<0.05) and BMI (β=-1.398, p<0.05), rate of weight loss (β=1.045, p<0.01), and adherence to eating behaviour recommendations (β=0.177, p<0.05) were significant predictors of weight loss outcomes post-bariatric surgery. Conclusion: The lower pre-operative weight and BMI, the faster rate of weight loss and higher adherence towards eating behaviour advice were potential predictors of greater EWL and thus could increase the chance of successful weight loss maintenance post–bariatric surgery.