No abstract available.
Respiration, Artificial*

Background: With the surge of COVID-19 infections, there were concerns about shortage of mechanical ventilator in several countries including the Philippines. Objective: To transform a locally made, low-cost, neonatal ventilator into a volume- and pressure-controlled, adult ventilator and to determine its safe use among ventilated, adult patients at the Philippine General Hospital. Methods: The modification of the neonatal ventilator (OstreaVent1) to the adult OstreaVent2 was based on the critical need for adult ventilators, in volume or pressure mode, in the Philippines due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The adult ventilator settings were calibrated and tested for two days to check for consistency and tolerance and then submitted to a third party for certification. Once certified, a safety trial of 10 stable adult patients on mechanical ventilator was conducted. The patients were placed on the OstreaVent2 for four hours while ventilator parameters, patient’s vital signs, and arterial blood gases were monitored at baseline, during, and after placement on the OstreaVent2. A poststudy chest radiograph was also done to rule out pulmonary complications, particularly atelectasis and pneumothorax. Results: The prototype OstreaVent2 received an FDA Certification for Medical Listing after passing its thirdparty certification. Ten patients (60% male) recruited in the study had a mean age of 39.1 ± 11.6 years. Half of the patients had a diagnosis of non-COVID-19 pneumonia. During the 4-hour study period, the patients while on the OstreaVent2, had stable ventilator settings and most of the variabilities were within the acceptable tolerances. Vital signs were stable and arterial blood gases were within normal limits. One patient developed alar flaring which was relieved by endotracheal tube suctioning. No patient was withdrawn from the study. One patient who was already transferred out of the ICU subsequently deteriorated and died three days after transfer to the stepdown unit from a non-ventilator related cause. Conclusion The new OstreaVent2 is safe to use among adults who need ventilator support. Variabilities in the ventilator’s performance were within acceptable tolerances. Clinical and blood gas measurements of the patients were stable while on the ventilator.
Respiration, Artificial

No abstract available.
Morphine* ; Respiration, Artificial* ; Weaning*

The supervision of 22 patients underwent general anesthesia with mechanical ventilation with semi-open circuit by the monitor OXI CAP 4,700 (ohmeda) showed that the ventilation regime: f: 15 frequency/min; V1: 8.5 ml/kg; FiO2: 33.6% (1.07lit O2/min) was safe (SpO2 >= 97% PetCO2 20-40 mmHg) and saved more oxygen.
Respiration, Artificial ; anesthesia

Objective: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) level and prognosis among mechanically ventilated patients in terms of mortality, prolonged mechanical ventilation, and tracheostomy rate. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study conducted at Quirino Memorial Medical Center, a tertiary government hospital, over a period of ten (10) months. Seventy-six (76) mechanically ventilated adult patients admitted at the medical intensive care unit, surgical intensive care unit, medical wards, and centers for neurologic sciences were included in the study. Quantitative cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) marker was measured and correlated to prognostic outcomes: a) prolonged ventilation (requiring more than 21 days), b) tracheostomy rate, and c) mortality rate. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 and logistics regression with 95% confidence interval. Results: Results showed that among 76 patients, 15 patients have low cTnI levels, 11 patients have normal levels and 50 patients have elevated levels. Among patients with low cTnI levels (<0.020 ng/mL), 13 (86.7%) were extubated, 1 (6.7%) preceded tracheostomy and 1 (6.7%) expired. Those with normal range cTnI levels (0.020 – 0.060 ng/ mL), 10 (90.9%) were extubated, none (0%) preceded tracheostomy and 1 (9.1%) expired. Those with elevated cTnI levels (>0.060 ng/mL), 7 (14.0%) were extubated, 7 (14.0%) preceded tracheostomy and 36 (72.0%) expired. Conclusion Analysis of the results showed a significant correlation of cTnI elevation with prognostic outcome proven by the p-value of < 0.0001. The risk of mortality among subjects with above normal cTnI levels were nine times (9x) higher compared to subjects with normal or low cTnI levels. Duration of intubation among patients with low normal and high cTnI levels did not differ significantly. Tracheostomy rate in the study was inconclusive.
Respiration, Artificial ; Mortality ; Prognosis

This article analyses the principle of the PAV, researches into its clinical applications, estimates its merits and demerits, and discusses the new ventilation mode in contrast with the old ones.
Humans ; Respiration, Artificial ; methods

No abstract available.
Respiration, Artificial* ; Respiratory Mechanics*

No abstract available.
Morphine ; Respiration, Artificial ; Weaning

No abstract available.
Hypercapnia* ; Respiration, Artificial*

Objective: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) level and prognosis among mechanically ventilated patients in terms of mortality, prolonged mechanical ventilation, and tracheostomy rate. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study conducted at Quirino Memorial Medical Center, a tertiary government hospital, over a period of ten (10) months. Seventy-six (76) mechanically ventilated adult patients admitted at the medical intensive care unit, surgical intensive care unit, medical wards, and centers for neurologic sciences were included in the study. Quantitative cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) marker was measured and correlated to prognostic outcomes: a) prolonged ventilation (requiring more than 21 days), b) tracheostomy rate, and c) mortality rate. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 and logistics regression with 95% confidence interval. Results: Results showed that among 76 patients, 15 patients have low cTnI levels, 11 patients have normal levels and 50 patients have elevated levels. Among patients with low cTnI levels (<0.020 ng/mL), 13 (86.7%) were extubated, 1 (6.7%) preceded tracheostomy and 1 (6.7%) expired. Those with normal range cTnI levels (0.020 – 0.060 ng/mL), 10 (90.9%) were extubated, none (0%) preceded tracheostomy and 1 (9.1%) expired. Those with elevated cTnI levels (>0.060 ng/mL), 7 (14.0%) were extubated, 7 (14.0%) preceded tracheostomy and 36 (72.0%) expired. Conclusion Analysis of the results showed a significant correlation of cTnI elevation with prognostic outcome proven by the p-value of < 0.0001. The risk of mortality among subjects with above normal cTnI levels were nine times (9x) higher compared to subjects with normal or low cTnI levels. Duration of intubation among patients with low normal and high cTnI levels did not differ significantly. Tracheostomy rate in the study was inconclusive.
Respiration, Artificial ; Mortality ; Prognosis