AIM: The differentiation theory on kidney turbidity is used to recognize the relevant characters of Alzheimer disease. METHODS: The analysis is carried on the interrelationship between kidney turbidity and Alzheimer disease in the aspects of pathology, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations. RESULTS: It was discovered in modern neural pathological examination that in the patients with Alzheimer disease, the cerebral cortex was atrophic, the convolution becomes flat, the cerebral groove was widened, the ventricle was extended, brain weight was declined and cortical nerve cells were de creased in various degrees. All of those changes were the manifestations of kidney essence deficiency in Chinese medicine. The main mechanism on neuron loss caused by Alzheimer disease was that oxygenic free radical works on nerve neurons and induces the increased Ca2+ inner-flow. Con cerning to the theory of Chinese medicine, oxygenic free radical was taken as "kidney turbidity". In the patients with Alzheimer disease, insufficient kid ney essence resulted in malnourishment of heart. In addition, upward dis turbance of kidney turbidity and abnormality of heart mind projected the brain and affected brain function, resulting in recent memory disturbance that was the initial symptom of Alzheimer disease. CONCLUSION: Concerning to the treatment of Alzheimer disease, Chinese medicine emphasizes not only on reinforcing kidney and filling-up essence, but also rather on eliminating kidney turbidity, for which, the method of re solving turbidity and damp is applied specially.

Objective To explore the effectivity and feasibility of uindirectional barbed suture for primary closure of common bile duct on Laparoscopic Exploration of Common Bile Duct Stones, Methods From January 2013 to August 2015,109 cases of primary closure of common bile duct after Laparoscopic Exploration of Common Bile Duct Stones were performed in this hospital.The characteristics of these cases were retrospectively comparatively analyzed.Results Conventional braided Sutures in 68 cases(group A),barbed Suture Devices in 41 cases (group B).There was no difference in postoperative hospital stay,intraoperative blood loss and complication rate between the two groups.Differences in bile duct incision suture time and operative time between the two groups were significantly different.Conclusion The application of uindirectional barbed suture for primary closure of common bile duct using barbed suture after Laparoscopic Exploration is a safe and effective way after treatment of choledocholithiasis.This method cuold reduce the difficulty of operation,and shorten the operation time and the learning curve.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of dexamethasone (Dex) in inhibiting monocyte adhesion and phagocytose function.Methods Under the stimulation of phorbo1-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA),U937 monocytes cultured in vitro were treated with Dex and Fasudil respectively.The adhesion rate of U937 monocles to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and their phagocytic ability of India ink were studied.The protein content and activity of rho-associated coiled-coil protein kinase 1 ( ROCK1 ) as well as the effects of mifepristone and cycloheximide on Dex were determined.ResultsBoth DEX and Fasudil could significantly inhibit the adhesion tate and phagocytosis of U937 cells stimulated by PMA and suppressed the activity of ROCK1.While mifepristone and cycloheximide could not alter these effects of DEX.ConclusionDEX interferes with the adhesion and phagocytosis function of U937 cells by inhibiting ROCKI activity.

Objective: To establish primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) animal model induced by anti-platelet membrane glycoprotein GPⅠbα antibodies AN51 and R300. Methods: Twenty guinea pigs (6-8 week) were divided into 4 groups. Five guinea pigs in each group were intravenously injected with different doses of AN51 (0.05, 0.1, 0.2 μg/g) and 0.2 μg/g IgG as control. The whole blood was collected from inner angular venous plexus. Platelets number was determined by an automated cell counter and Swiss-Jim method. Then, the similar protocol was used to establish ITP nude mice model by intraperitoneal injection of different concentrations of anti-platelet GPⅠbα antibody R300, respectively. Results: ①Five minutes after intravenous injection of AN51 at 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 μg/g, the platelet counts of guinea pigs reduced about 0-5%, 50%-60% and 70%-80% compared to the control group, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01) . ②Six hours after intraperitoneal injection of R300 at 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 μg/g, the platelet counts of nude mice decreased about 20%-30%, 60%-70% and 80%-90% compared to the control group, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01) . The nude mice, injected 0.2 μg/g R300 once a day for 2 weeks, showed typical ITP clinical manifestations including large number of petechiaes or ecchymoses on limbs, head and abdomen. Conclusion AN51 at 0.2 μg/g and R300 at 0.2 μg/g could establish stable ITP model in guinea pigs and nude mice respectively.

Pulmonary blast injury has become the main type of trauma in modern warfare, characterized by externally mild injuries but internally severe injuries, rapid disease progression, and a high rate of early death. The injury is complicated in clinical practice, often with multiple and compound injuries. Currently, there is a lack of effective protective materials, accurate injury detection instrument and portable monitoring and transportation equipment, standardized clinical treatment guidelines in various medical centers, and evidence-based guidelines at home and abroad, resulting in a high mortality in clinlcal practice. Therefore, the Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized military and civilian experts in related fields such as thoracic surgery and traumatic surgery to jointly develop the Clinical treatment guideline for pulmonary blast injury ( version 2023) by combining evidence for effectiveness and clinical first-line treatment experience. This guideline provided 16 recommended opinions surrounding definition, characteristics, pre-hospital diagnosis and treatment, and in-hospital treatment of pulmonary blast injury, hoping to provide a basis for the clinical treatment in hospitals at different levels.