Objective: To study the improvement of tannins from Granati Pericarpium on renal fibrosis in rat. Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into five groups, Sham operation, model, Valsartan, high-dose (60 mg/kg), and low-dose (20 mg/kg) tannins groups. Renal fibrosis model of rats was constructed using left ureter ligation method except the rats in the Sham operation group in which the left side ureter of rats was not ligated or cut. The ig administration started at the day of operation, Urinary protein of 24 h, the concentration of Ca2+ and P3+ in urine, and the levels of Scr and BUN in serum were detected in 1-3 week after the operation. The staining of HE and Masson to the kidney tissue was carried out to investigate how tannins from Granati Pericarpium could impact the indexes of renal fibrosis in rats on the morphological basis. Results: The results of urine and blood test showed that the levels of urine protein, Scr, and BUN were deviated from the normal level. The concentration of Ca2+ was increased, while the concentration of P3+ was reduced. The staining of HE and Masson showed that the renal tissue was damaged, the left side of kidney was found renal fibrosis, tannins from Granati Pericarpium could improve the renal fibrosis in rats in some extent. Conclusion: Tannins from Granati Pericarpium have the great improvement on the renal fibrosis in rats and are able to adjust the disorders of Ca2+ and P3+ in rats.

Crimes which are committed by the doctors are getting even worse on the market of medical service.And the lack of occupational morality is one of the most important reasons.Medical service and moral risk coexist to the clinical adult-students from direct medical service.Thus,to understand the importance of moral risk as well as to fully explore the internal potential of the students is a significant subject for the adult education of clinical students.

Objective:To explore the expression of Ezrin and CD44v6 in gastric carcinoma and their correlations to clinicopathologic features. Methods:The expression of Ezrin and CD44v6 were detected by immunohistochemistry in gastric carcinoma(n=53) and normal gastric mucosa(n=20).Results:①The positive expression rates of Ezrin in gastric carcinoma and normal gastric mucosa were 56.6% and 30.0%.While the positive expression rates of CD44v6 in gastric carcinoma was 58.5% and no expression in normal gastric mucosa.②The expression of Ezrin was correlated to the differentiation(P0.05).③The expression of Ezrin was positively correlated with that of CD44v6 in gastric carcinoma(rs=0.740,P

Objective: A urinary metabonomics method based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) was used to inspect the effect of tannins from Granati Pericarpium on endogenous metabolism of rats with glomeruloscerosis, the potential biomarkers were searched and the metabolic pathways were analyzed to provide relevant theory for treatment of glomeruloscerosis. Methods: Forty-eight SD rats were divided into control group, model group, benazepril hydrochloridec group, and three doses of pomerganate tannis groups. Glomerular sclerosis model was established by unilateral nephrectomy combined with two tail iv adriamycin; 24 h urine of rats was collected after the rats were orally given tannins from Granati Pericarpium for 8 weeks; HPLC-MS was used for testing and analyzing the urine; Principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used for data treatment of each group to search the potential biomarkers and build the metabolicomics pathways. Results: The urinary metabolism of rats was clustering. Ten potential biomakers were screened by analysis and identification of important variables; The metabonomics pathways involved tryptophan, alanine, aspartate, glutamate metabolism, etc. Conclusion: The trend of endogenous metabolism of rats with glomeruloscerosis is normal after intervened by tannis in pomegranate tannins from Granati Pericarpium. It provides the basement with the further research of clarifying the mechanism of tannins from Granati Pericarpium inpacting on rats with glomeruloscerosis.

Compared with proton and photon, heavy ion radiotherapy has unique physical and biological advantages, which enables it to kill tumor tissues to the greatest degree and protect surrounding normal tissues as much as possible. Carbon ion is recognized as the most suitable heavy ion for radiotherapy at present. Carbon ion radiotherapy in chordoma, head and neck cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, cervical cancer and other malignant tumor treatment advantages have been preliminarily reflected. Therefore, understanding the characteristics of carbon ion radiotherapy and its application in tumor therapy will help clinicians make better clinical decisions in the future.

Myopia is the most common type of refractive error. At present, the characteristics of the low age and rapid growth of myopia in our country are obvious, and the myopia of adolescents and children has become a public health problem of concern to the whole society. Visual experience guides the development of children's refractive state and emmetropization. The occurrence and development of myopia is accompanied by changes in the structure of the eyeball, and the choroid has a thinning trend. The thickness change of the choroid may be determined by blood flow perfusion. Decreased choroidal blood flow perfusion may lead to scleral ischemia and hypoxia, and hypoxia induces scleral matrix remodeling and axial length growth. This article reviews the relationship between choroidal blood flow and myopia, and suggests the significance of paying attention to choroidal changes in the prevention and control of myopia.

【Objective】 To investigate whether diosmetin has protective effects on renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice and explore the potential mechanism. 【Methods】 A total of 45 BALB/c male mice were randomly divided into the sham group, I/R group and diosmetin treatment group. The protective effects of diosmetin on the renal function of mice was evaluated by detecting blood biochemical indexes and renal tissue HE staining injury score. The expression of p-P65, a key molecule of NF-κB family, was detected with immunohistochemistry and western blotting, and the downstream inflammatory factors of NF-κB signaling pathway were detected with quantitative polymerace chain reaction (qPCR). 【Results】 Compared with the sham group, the I/R group had significantly increased levels of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen, significantly damaged morphological construction, and significantly increased expressions of p-P65 and inflammatory cytokines, while the diosmetin treatment group had decreased levels of serological indexes, improved structure of kidney tissue and reduced expressions of p-P65 and inflammatory cytokines. 【Conclusion】 Diosmetin can protect kidney from I/R-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting NF-κB pathway in mice.

OBJECTIVEThis meta-analysis was performed to analyze the effect of preserving the native aortic valve on short- and long-term prognosis post aortic root reconstruction surgery for patients with Marfan syndrome.

METHODSDatabase including Pubmed,Embase, Cochrane library, CNKI, Wanfang,VIP and CBM were searched to collect studies comparing clinical results of valve sparing surgery with composite valve graft surgery for patients with Marfan syndrome. Study quality was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and publication bias was assessed by visual inspection of the funnel plot together with Egger test. Clinical outcomes data was extracted from the manuscripts and analyzed with Revman 5.0 supplied by Cochrane collaboration.

RESULTSSeven clinical trials with 690 patients were included. Meta- analysis demonstrated that valve sparing surgery was associated with a lower incidence of re-exploration (RR = 0.51, 95%CI:0.29- 0.90, P < 0.05), thromboembolism (RR = 0.17, 95%CI:0.05-0.57, P < 0.01), endocarditis (RR = 0.31, 95%CI:0.11-0.94, P < 0.05) and significantly lower long-term death rate (RR = 0.37, 95%CI:0.18-0.74, P < 0.01). Reoperation rate was similar between the two groups (RR = 1.07, 95%CI:0.35-3.27, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONValve sparing aortic root reconstruction surgery is a superior procedure to composite valve graft surgery in term of improving the short- and long-term prognosis for patients with Marfan syndrome.

Aorta ; surgery ; Aortic Valve ; surgery ; Humans ; Marfan Syndrome ; surgery ; Organ Sparing Treatments ; methods ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome

Antiviral therapy is the most important thing in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) has both antiviral and immunomodulatory effects, and after drug withdrawal, 30%-40% of patients can achieve HBeAg seroconversion and sustained virologic response. Many studies have shown that HBsAg quantification can be used as an index to predict the anti-HBV effect of PEG-IFN and sustained immune control after drug withdrawal. This article reviews the relationship between HBsAg levels before, during, and after PEG-IFN therapy and antiviral effect to clarify the significance of HBsAg quantification in the PEG-IFN treatment of CHB and to guide the regimen of antiviral therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of Shenmai Injection (SMJ) on ferroptosis during myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and the underlying mechanism. METHODS: A total of 120 SPF-grade adult male SD rats, weighing 220-250 g were randomly divided into different groups according to a random number table. Myocardial I/R model was established by occluding the left anterior descending artery for 30 min followed by 120 min of reperfusion. SMJ was injected intraperitoneally at the onset of 120 min of reperfusion, and erastin (an agonist of ferroptosis), ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1, an inhibitor of ferroptosis) and ML385 (an inhibitor of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)) were administered intraperitoneally separately 30 min before myocardial ischemia as different pretreatments. Cardiac function before ischemia, after ischemia and after reperfusion was analysed. Pathological changes in the myocardium and the ultrastructure of cardiomyocytes were observed, and the myocardial infarction area was measured. Additionally, the concentration of Fe²⁺ in heart tissues and the levels of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), troponin I (cTnl), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum were measured using assay kits, and the expressions of Nrf2, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) were examined by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with the sham group, I/R significantly injured heart tissues, as evidenced by the disordered, ruptured and oedematous myocardial fibres; the increases in infarct size, serum CK-MB, cTnI and MDA levels, and myocardial Fe²⁺ concentrations; and the decreases in SOD activity (P<0.05). These results were accompanied by ultrastructural alterations to the mitochondria, increased expression of ACSL4 and inhibited the activation of Nrf2/GPX4 signalling (P<0.05). Compared with I/R group, pretreatment with 9 mL/kg SMJ and 2 mg/kg Fer-1 significantly reduced myocardial I/R injury, Fe²⁺ concentrations and ACSL4 expression and attenuated mitochondrial impairment, while 14 mg/kg erastin exacerbated myocardial I/R injury (P<0.05). In addition, cardioprotection provided by 9 mL/kg SMJ was completely reversed by ML385, as evidenced by the increased myocardial infarct size, CK-MB, cTnI, MDA and Fe²⁺ concentrations, and the decreased SOD activity (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Ferroptosis is involved in myocardial I/R injury. Pretreatment with SMJ alleviated myocardial I/R injury by activating Nrf2/GPX4 signalling-mediated ferroptosis, thereby providing a strategy for the prevention and treatment of ischemic heart diseases.
Animals ; Male ; Rats ; Coenzyme A ; Creatine Kinase ; Ferroptosis ; Ligases ; Malondialdehyde ; Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy* ; Myocardial Ischemia/drug therapy* ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/pathology* ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism* ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism* ; Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism* ; Troponin I