Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) associates with receptor-mediated signal transduction pathway,which can regulate cell proliferation,growth,differentiation and inflammation et al. The aim of this review is to identify SOCS and cytokines on the combination of different sites and pathway,and then to explore the pathogenesis of the role of negative feedback regulation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway.

Severe acute pancreatitis is a frequent acute abdomen clinically,characterized by acute onset,fast progression and lethal complications.Severe acute pancreatitis complicated by pancreatic foreign organ damage has become hot and tough issues in clinical and basic researches in recent years.The aim of this review is to explore the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis complicated by liver injury.

Objective To study the effect of Caspase-1 inhibitor on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in experimental SD rat model. Methods A model of SAP was reproduced by retrograde injection of 5% sodium taurocholate into the biliary-pancreatic duct. Heathy control (HC) rats underwent identical surgical procedure and duct cannulation without the injection of sodium taurocholate. Forty-two SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: healthy controls (HC, n=6); SAP-S group (n=18); SAP-ICE-I group (n=18). In SAP-S group, rats received intraperitoneal injection of isotonic saline 2 hours after induction of acute pancreatitis, and saline injection was repeated after 12 hours. In SAP-ICE-I group, rats were given ICE inhibitor intraperitoneally 2 hours after induction of pancreatitis. As in SAP-S group, this was repeated 12 hours laten. Surviving rats were killed at certain time, and all samples were obtained for subsequent analysis. Also, twenty-four rats were randomly divided into two groups: SAP-S group and SAP-ICE-I group, and the 24-hour death rate after SAP induction was observed. Results The serum amylase levels were increased significantly in SAP-S group (P0.05). Caspase-1 inhibition abated the severity of pancreatic tissue damage, and the 24-hour death rate was lowered from 91.7% to 41.7%. Conclusions The expressions of Caspase-1 activated cytokines IL-1? and IL-18 play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of SAP. Caspase-1 inhibition significantly abates the severity and the mortality in SAP.

Thyroid cancer has become more prevalent in recent years. Patients urgently need efficient, personalized services based on an accurate assessment. The combination of artificial intelligence (AI) and traditional medical approaches can potentially improve the accuracy of medical decision-making. This review focuses on the use of AI to evaluate and predict the prognosis of thyroid cancer and aims to provide a foundation for the extraction of key information with AI to guide individualized treatment. First, we briefly introduce the concept and development of AI and the significance of precision medicine in the thyroid cancer. Second, the potential applications of AI in diagnosing thyroid cancer and predicting its prognosis are discussed. Furthermore, we analyze the opportunities and challenges of ultrasonic and pathological diagnostic and prognostic evaluation methods based on traditional pathological parameters and the gene mutation pathway model. Finally, we discuss the future research direction of AI in relation to thyroid cancer. Keywords: thyroid cancer, artificial intelligence, precision medicine, diagnosis, prognosis

Objective: To study the vascularization of tubular graft of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and bladder acellular matrix (BAM) wrapped up in omentum. Methods: We planted BMSCs on the BAM and made it into tubular grafts. Thirty healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups with 10 rabbits in each. Rabbits in experimental group received BMSCs-BAM tubular graft wrapped in omentum. Rabbits in control group received BAM tubular graft wrapped in omentum. Rabbits in blank group were planted with silicone catheter wrapped in omentum. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein, CD34 expression and microvessel density of the graft were measured at weeks 4 and 8, respectively. Results: ① The expression of VEGF protein was higher in the experimental group than in the control group and the blank group, and the expression of VEGF protein was higher in the control group than in the blank group; the differences among the three groups were statistically significant [F(2,15)=5.314, P=0.017]. ② The microvessels with positive CD34 expression were denser in the experimental group than in the other two groups, and the blood vessels were closely connected with each other. The microvessels with positive CD34 expression were also much denser in the control group than in the blank group. ③ The microvessel density was higher in the experimental group than in the control group and the blank group, and it was also higher in the control group than in the blank group. The differences among the three groups were statistically significant [F(2,12)=6.172, P=0.021]. Results: Omental wrapping promotes vascularization of BAM, and planting BMSCs on the BAM is more conducive to vascularization of BAM.

Objective To optimize the recipe of rhynchophylline sustained release tablet in order to provide a reference for industrial production of the formulation. Method With the release degree as index, the influences of single factors on the release, such as hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose(HPMC)used as an skeleton materials, ethyl cellulose(EC)as blockers and the mass fraction of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)as adhesive, were evaluated to screen the optimal preparation by central composite design and response surface methodology based on the single factor investigation. Result The optimal preparation was as follows: rhynchophylline 9.5%, HPMC: 19%, EC: 7%, PVPP:2.2%, starch:61.5% and talcum powder: 0.8%. The sustained release tablet prepared by the optimized recipe of rhynchophylline had no sudden release effect and the release degree in 12 h was more than 84%. Conclusion The optimized recipe is reasonable and meets the requirements of sustained release formulation, which means it can provide a reference for industrial production of the formulation.

Acute lung injury(ALI)is a critical respiratory disorder characterized by progressive respiratory failure with high morbidity and mortality.In addition to respiratory support, ALI still lacks effective medications.Natural polyphenol, a class of natural compounds widely found in human daily food, have been proven to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, regulating cell death, anti-pathogen infection, and exert therapeutic effects on ALI.This article reviews the pathogenesis of ALI and the mechanism of natural polyphenols in the treatment of ALI, aiming to provide a new direction for the treatment of ALI.

Background: The terminology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was changed to metabolic dysfunction ⁃ associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in 2020. NAFLD has been confirmed to be a risk factor for colorectal neoplasms, but the association between MAFLD and colorectal neoplasms is conflicting. Aims: To investigate the correlation of MAFLD with colorectal adenoma and early colorectal cancer. Methods: The clinical information of 701 patients who met the criteria and were admitted to Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2021 to August 2021 was collected retrospectively. Among them, 274 colorectal adenoma patients with low ⁃ grade intraepithelial neoplasia or without intraepithelial neoplasia were classified as adenoma group, 21 patients with high ⁃ grade intraepithelial neoplasia, intramucosal carcinoma, and submucosal carcinoma were classified as early cancer group, and 406 patients with normal colonoscopy or non⁃adenomatous polyps were served as control group. The general information and prevalence of MAFLD between these groups were compared. Furthermore, the correlation of MAFLD with colorectal adenoma and early colorectal cancer, and the gender difference of these correlations were analyzed by Logistic regression models. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the clinicopathological characteristics of colorectal adenoma. Results: When adjusting the confounding variables including gender, age, smoking, alcohol drinking, diabetes, hypertension, and serum creatinine, MAFLD was significantly associated with the prevalence of colorectal adenoma (OR=1.83, 95% CI: 1.04 ⁃ 3.22, P=0.037) and early colorectal cancer (OR=3.91, 95% CI: 1.14⁃13.42, P=0.031). When stratified as gender, the significant association remained in females (OR=4.04, 95% CI: 1.56 ⁃ 10.47, P=0.004), but not in males. In addition, no correlation was found between MAFLD and the location, size, number, and advanced histology of colorectal adenoma (all P>0.05). Conclusions: MAFLD is an independent risk factor for colorectal adenoma and early colorectal cancer. MAFLD is specifically associated with increased risk of colorectal adenoma in females but not in males.

Acute lung injury ( ALI) and its most extreme form a-cute respiratory distress syndrome ( ARDS) are lung diseases with high morbidity and mortality. There is no effective therapeutic intervention until now for its complicated pathophysiologi-cal processes and sophisticated regulatory mechanism. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a family of proteins with deacetylase activity. Studies have shown that HDACs are involved in the pathophysiological processes of ALI/ARDS, including inflammatory responses,endothelial permeability,oxidative stresses,alveolar fluid clearance and lung tissue repairment. Simultaneously, the use of HDACs inhibitors (HDACIs) can interfere with ALI/ ARDS progression. In this review we describe and summarize the pathophysiological processes and the underlying mechanisms in ALI/ARDS regulated by HDACs and HDACIs in detail, in order to provide the basis for the clinical application of HDACs-targe- ted agents and indicate directions for future study.

As a pulmonary complication of diabetes, diabetic pulmonary fibrosis has gradually entered people's sight, but its mechanism is still poorly understood.This is the first systematic review of the mechanisms of autonomic neuropathy, pulmonary microangiopathy, accumulation of advanced glycosylation end products, oxidative stress, inflammation, epithelial-mesenchy- mal transition and endothelial-mesenchymal transition, cell se¬nescence and I)NA damage, etc.in diabetic pulmonary fibrosis.which aims to provide inquiring ideas for exploring the specific molecule mechanism and a reference for the development of ther¬apeutic drugs for diabetic pulmonary fibrosis.,,,,.