Objective To establish a method to determinate polysaccharides in Hedyotic diffusa, then compare the polysaccharides content in Hedyotic diffusa form Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi. Methods Sulfuric acid -phenol coloration were applied to analysis polysaccharides content. The detective wave length was 486 nm. Results Polysaccharides in Hedyotic diffusa from Jiangxi province was a little higher than the others. Conclusion Polysaccharides content in Hedyotic diffusa form different habitat are almost alike.

AIM:To determine icatiin,psoralen and isopsoralen in Yishen Buxue Capsule(Herba Epimedii;Fructus Psoraleae;Sanguis Draconis;Cortex Eucommiae,etc)by PR-HPLC.METHODS:The determination of icariin was carried out by HPLC with a Agilent HC-18(150 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m)column,acetonitrile-water(30∶70)was as a mobile phase,detection wavelength was at 270 nm;With the same Agilent HC-18 column for psoralen and isopsoralen,the mobile phase was methanol-water(52∶48),detection wavelength was at 246 nm.RESULTS:Icariin showed a good linear relationship at the range of 0.110 4-0.883 2 ?g(r2= 0.999 8),the avearge recovery of icariin was 97.49%(RSD=1.47%,n=6).Psoralen also showed a good linear relationship at the range of 0.041 04-0.451 44 ?g(r2= 0.999 0),the average recovery for it was 104.51%(RSD= 1.58%,n=6);Isopsoralen showed a good linear relationship at the range of 0.037 52 ?g-0.412 72 ?g(r2= 0.999 9),the average recovery of isopsoralen was 103.01%(RSD=1.01%,n=6).CONCLUSION:The methods are sensitive,accurate,reproducible,specific and can be used for quality control of Yishen Buxue Capsule.

【Objective】To compare the fingerprint spectrum of amino acids(AA)of Lignum Santali Albi(LSA)from Indonesia,India and Australia.【Methods】Free AA and hydrolytic AA of LSA from Indonesia,India and Australia were analyzed by amino acid automatic analyzer.The detection wavelength was 570nm and 440nm.【Results】There were obvious differences among the free AA from three kinds of LSA.2S,4S-4-hydroxyproline(Hyp)was detected in Indonesian LSA in 11.77min(?=440nm)with the content of 1.431?7%,and became proline after hydrolysis.The peak of Hyp was not obvious or even undetectable in Indian LAS and Australian LSA.【Conclusion】There exist obvious differences among free AA from three kinds of LSA and 2S,4S-4-Hyp can be used as the specific compounds for the identification of LSA from Indonesia,India and Australia.

Objective To investigate the rate and the time of generalization from childhood ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG),and the preventive effect of prednisone on the progression of OMG to generalized myasthenia of gravis (GMG).Methods Retrospective study of medical data from 978 childhood patients with OMG and 1359 adult patients with OMG during a follow-up period of 1--28 years (mean 7.5 years) who were diagnosed and treated in Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Medical College from 1977 to 2005.Results The generalized rate of childhood OMG and adult OMG was 13.0% (127/978) and 67.2% (913/1359) respectively (χ2=674.17,P < 0.01).Of 127 childhood OMG patients who had become generalized form,74 patients (58.3%) developed generalized form in the first 2 years from the onset; Of 913 adult OMG patients who had become generalized form,763 patients (83.6%) did (χ2=45.39,P < 0.01) .Of 456 childhood OMG patients treated with prednisone,only 5 patients (1.1%) became generalized form; 0f522 childhood OMG patients never treated with prednisone,122 patients (23.4%) developed the generalized form (χ2=104.9,P < 0.01).Conclusions The rate of generalization of childhood OMG is significantly decreased than that of adult OMG.The frequency of generalization of childhood OMG in the first 2 years from the onset is significantly lowered than adult OMG.Prednisone does reduce the chance of generalization from childhood OMG.

Objective:To explore the judging value of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) on patient's condition of male patients with senile degenerated heart valvular disease (SDHVD) complicated heart failure (HF) .Methods :A total of 67 SDHVD + HF male patients were regarded as SHDVD group ,another 43 male HF patients ,who accepted treatment during the same period with corresponding age and without valvular heart disease ,were enrolled as pure HF group .Cardiac function indexes and plasma BNP level were measured and compared between two groups ,the correlation between BNP and left ventricular end -diastolic dimension (LVEDd) was analyzed ,and the cutoff point of BNP level for judging severity of SDHVD + HF was also calculated .Results:Compared with pure HF group , there were significant rise in LVEDd [ (49.79 ± 4.31) mm vs .(53.04 ± 7.10) mm] and plasma BNP level [ (214.43 ± 237.71) pg/ml vs . (682.06 ± 981.15 ) pg/ml ] , and significant reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF ,(64.84 ± 5.83)% vs .(58.24 ± 7.99)% ] , P<0.05 or <0.01;percentage of moderate -severe heart dys‐function (NYHA class Ⅲ + Ⅳ) in SDHVD group was significantly higher than that of pure HF group (56.72% vs . 37.21% ) ,χ2 =3.988 , P=0.046. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that BNP level was positively correlated with LVEDd (r=0.588 ,P= 0.001) .The area under ROC (AUC) of BNP was 0.975 ,and the critical point of BNP level judging severity of male SDHVD complicated HF was 312 pg/ml ,and its sensitivity and specificity was 86.8% and 96.6% respectively .Conclusion:The SDHVD patient's condition is more severe compared with patients without valvular heart disease ,and BNP level is help to judging patient's condition .

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of rapamycin inhibiting mammalian target of RAPA (mTOR) on heart valve cell calciifcation in experimental rats. Methods: The rat’s valvular interstitial cells were isolated and the cells were cultured in 4 groups:①Normal control group,②Calciifcation group,③Rapamycin group and ④Calciifcation + rapamycin group. The apoptosis rates of valvular interstitial cells were detected by flow cytometry, calcium deposition was observed by Alizarin S staining, the calcified nodules were counted and the protein expressions of bmp-2, osteocalcin, osteopontin, smad-1 and caspase-3 were examined by Western blot analysis. Results: The rat's valvular interstitial cells were suceessfully isolated; the cell apoptosis rates were similar among different groups,P>0.05. The calciifed nodule in Calciifcation group (0.471 ± 0.091) was more than Normal control group (0.104 ± 0.023), while the nodule in Calciifcation + rapamycin group (0.237 ± 0.039) was less than Calciifcation group, allP<0.05. Compared with Normal control group, the protein expression levels of bmp-2, osteopontin and smad-1 were obviously increased in Calciifcation group,P<0.05, and compared with Calciifcation group, the above indexes were obviously lower in Calciifcation + rapamycin group, P<0.05. The protein expression levels of caspase-3 were similar among 3 experimental groups,P>0.05. Conclusion: Rapamycin may down-regulate the targeting protein expressions of bmp-2, osteopontin and smad-1 via inhibiting mTOR, therefore, reducing the valvular interstitial cell calcification which might be related to mTOR pathway suppression in experimental rats.

Objective To study the optimization of extraction technology for total flavonoid-aglycone from Scutellaria baicalensis after enzymatic hydrolysis. Methods With three factors of alcohol concentration, dosage and speed of percolation as the indexes, orthogonal experiment was performed. Concentrations of Baicalein, Wogonin and oroxylin-A were analyzed by HPLC. Results The optimal extraction technology is A2B3C2: extracting the medical material by 10 times(V) 95 % alcohol, the speed being 6 mL/kg per min. Conclusion Under optimal extraction technology, extraction rate of total flavonoid-aglycone is very considerable and the concentration is high to 60 % .

Objective:To investigate the relations between enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) and cognitive impairment in patients with acute mild ischemic stroke.Methods:A total of 234 patients with acute mild ischemic stroke admitted to our hospital from October 2019 to June 2021 were chosen in our study. According to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores 7 d after admission, these patients were divided into normal cognitive function group (MoCA scores≥26) and cognitive impairment group (MoCA scores<26). The clinical data and imaging data of patients from the 2 groups were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent influencing factors for post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Spearman correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlations of severity degrees of EPVS of basal ganglia with MoCA total scores and each cognitive domain scores in patients from cognitive impairment group.Results:Among the 234 patients, 73 (31.2%) had normal cognitive function and 161 (68.8%) had cognitive impairment. As compared with normal cognitive function group, patients from cognitive impairment group had significantly older age, significantly less years of education, statistically higher fasting blood glucose level, significantly higher proportion of patients with moderate and severe basal ganglia EPVS, and significantly higher proportion of patients with white matter lesion (WML) grading 2 and 3 ( P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, years of education, basal ganglia EPVS and WML grading were independent influencing factors for PSCI ( OR=1.049, 95%CI: 1.007-1.093, P=0.021; OR=0.910, 95%CI: 0.832-0.995, P=0.039; OR=0.760, 95%CI: 1.176-2.637, P=0.006; OR=2.270, 95%CI: 1.219-4.228, P=0.010). Correlation analysis showed that the severity degrees of basal ganglia EPVS were negatively correlated with MoCA scores, and scores of visual space and executive ability scale, attention scale, language scale and delayed recall scale ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Acute mild ischemic stroke patients with older age, less years of education, severer basal ganglia EPVS and higher WML grading trends to have cognitive impairment; basal ganglia EPVS mainly affects the cognitive domains of visual space and executive ability, attention, language, and delayed recall.

Silent cerebral small vessel disease is a series of imaging and pathological syndromes caused by intracranial small vessel disease. It is named for the lack of clinically recognizable stroke symptoms. Its imaging characteristics are mainly cerebral microbleeds, white matter hypertensities, lacune, and enlarged perivascular space. Recent studies have shown that patients with intracerebral hemorrhage often have varying degrees of cerebrovascular disease imaging changes, which seriously affect the clinical outcome of patients. This article reviews the relationship between silent small vessel disease and outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

OBJECTIVEIn order to minimize lead pollution and to protect the identified individuals with high blood lead level from lead contamination, an epidemiological study was carried on children living around the village and township-owned lead industries in Tianying town.

METHODSEnvironmental monitoring: lead levels in air, soil, drinking water and crops were measured. Biological monitoring: 959 children aged 5 - 12 years were selected from villages where the lead smelters located near the residential areas and the battery disassembling was done in some families. The control children (207 pupils) were from other villages without lead exposure. Blood lead, ZnPP and teeth lead were determined. Height, weight and head circle of children and IQ scores were measured.

RESULTSThe environment was seriously polluted. The average lead concentrations in air and soils were 8.5 times and 10 times of the MACs (national health standard) respectively. Eighty-five per cent the air samples with lead concentrations higher than the national health standard. Local crops and wheat at farmers' home were also contaminated by lead dust, with. Lead content being 24 times higher than the standard. The mean blood lead and ZnPP levels of children lived in the polluted areas were 496 microgram/L and 9.41 microgram/g Hb respectively. The lead exposure caused adverse effects on children's IQ and physical development.

CONCLUSIONIt is necessary to remove and reduce currently active sources of lead pollution in the community and to increase public awareness of potential health effects of lead exposure.

Air Pollutants ; analysis ; Child ; Child Development ; drug effects ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Crops, Agricultural ; chemistry ; Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Environmental Pollution ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Industrial Waste ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Lead ; adverse effects ; blood ; Male ; Soil Pollutants ; analysis ; Suburban Health ; standards ; Urban Health ; standards