Objective To compare the gas and heat exchange performance of membrane oxygenator DDMO-100S and membrane oxygenator Terumo SX-10 in cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB)in children.Methods 39 children aged 3-12 yrs who suffered from congenital heart disease were selected,and the repair of ventricle septal defect or/and atrial septal defect was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass.The 39 children were randomly divided into Group DD(n =21)and Group SX(n = 18).Membrane oxygenator DDMO-100S(Made by Xi'an Daidai,China)was used in Group DD and Membrane oxygenator Terumo SX-10(Made by Terumo,Japan)in Group SX,respectively.The hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass with high perfusion flow and the cool crystalloid cardioplegia were applied in all children.The artery blood samples were taken for measuring PO2 and PCO2 and the oxygenating index(OI)was calculated by the formulae(OI = PaO2/FiO2).The temperature at nasal pharynx was monitored and the rewarming time was recorded.Results The total priming volume in Group DD was bigger than in Group SX [(742.5 ± 107.3)ml vs(531.3 ± 84.3)ml,P ＜ 0.05].The PO2,OI and PCO2 at 15 min after CPB or at 5 min before cease of CPB had no differences in both group(P ＞0.05).The rewarming time had no difference in both group [(31.5 ± 10.2)min vs(30.61 ± 8.2)min,P ＞0.05].Conclusions Under our observation condition,the gas and heat exchange performance of membrane oxygenator DDMO-100S were the same as membrane oxygenator Terumo SX-10,when it was used in cardiopulmonary bypass in children,but it had a little bit more priming volume.

Objective To investigate the effect of pretreatment with parecoxib for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic hernia repair. Methods Sixty patients undergoing laparoscopic hernia repair were assigned in two groups by random digits table with 30 cases each. The patients in pretreating group received parecoxib 40 mg intravenously before anesthesia, and in control group with the same capacity of normal saline. All patients were anesthetized with combined spinal epidural blockage and tranquilized with pethidine, droperidol and diazepam. Postoperative pain of the abdomen incision was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) and the pain of shoulder or back was judged by a 4 grade scale. Side-effects, supplement analgesic, passage of gas by anus 24 h after surgery were observed as well. Results The abdomen incision VAS at 4,8,12,24 h after surgery in pretreating group were lower than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05). And the incidence of pain of shoulder or back was lower in pretreating group (13.3% ,4/30) than that in control group (33.3% ,10/30)(P ＜0.05). While the cases needing supplement analgesic also decreased in pretreating group (13.3% ,4/30) compared with control group (40.0%, 12/30)(P ＜ 0.05). And the side effects and passage of gas by anus 24 h after surgery had no significant difference in two groups. Conclusion Pretreatment with parecoxib in patients undergoing laparoscopic hernia repair may relieve the postoperative incision pain and the pain of shoulder or back while reducing the analgesic supplement without side effects.

Objective To assess clinical results between proximal-first sequential anastomosis technique (POPCAB) and conventional technique off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(COPCAB) in 72 patients over 65 years old.Methods Between Jan 2008 and Oct 2012,72 patients with multiple vessel coronary artery disease underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass grofting.They were divided into two groups,POPCAB and COPCAB groups.Preoperative and postoperative variables of two groups were compared.Results There were no significant difference in sex,age,history of acute myocardium infarction,hypertension,diabetes and number of bypass grafts between two groups.The ICU stay time in POPCAB group was less than in COPCAB group(P ＜0.05).There were lower creatine kinase MB and cardiac trop I after operation in POPCAB group compared with COPCAB group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The results confirm that promixal-first sequential anastomosis technique remains a valuable option of surgical myocardial revascularization,and may optimize the outcome in the aged.

OBJECTIVEIn order to minimize lead pollution and to protect the identified individuals with high blood lead level from lead contamination, an epidemiological study was carried on children living around the village and township-owned lead industries in Tianying town.

METHODSEnvironmental monitoring: lead levels in air, soil, drinking water and crops were measured. Biological monitoring: 959 children aged 5 - 12 years were selected from villages where the lead smelters located near the residential areas and the battery disassembling was done in some families. The control children (207 pupils) were from other villages without lead exposure. Blood lead, ZnPP and teeth lead were determined. Height, weight and head circle of children and IQ scores were measured.

RESULTSThe environment was seriously polluted. The average lead concentrations in air and soils were 8.5 times and 10 times of the MACs (national health standard) respectively. Eighty-five per cent the air samples with lead concentrations higher than the national health standard. Local crops and wheat at farmers' home were also contaminated by lead dust, with. Lead content being 24 times higher than the standard. The mean blood lead and ZnPP levels of children lived in the polluted areas were 496 microgram/L and 9.41 microgram/g Hb respectively. The lead exposure caused adverse effects on children's IQ and physical development.

CONCLUSIONIt is necessary to remove and reduce currently active sources of lead pollution in the community and to increase public awareness of potential health effects of lead exposure.

Air Pollutants ; analysis ; Child ; Child Development ; drug effects ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Crops, Agricultural ; chemistry ; Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Environmental Pollution ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Industrial Waste ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Lead ; adverse effects ; blood ; Male ; Soil Pollutants ; analysis ; Suburban Health ; standards ; Urban Health ; standards