Acupuncture is widely used as an alternative therapy with few side effects because of its simple manipulation and low cost. However, accidents may occur if the practitioner uses it improperly. Early in the Qin dynasty, the Canon of Medicine mentioned that improper use of acupuncture could cause injury to the body and even death, and it systematically described the occurrence and prevention of acupuncture accidents. Physicians in the successive dynasties frequently reported it, and realized that the manipulation skills were significantly important in preventing the occurrence of acupuncture accidents. Since the 1950s, acupuncture accidents had been effectively prevented because of the improving of acupuncture instruments, enhancing of the quality of the practitioners, popularizing of sterilization and disseminating of anatomic knowledge. Nevertheless, with the renovating of acupuncture techniques, new accidents may occur constantly. The prevention of acupuncture accidents still should be an arduous task for acupuncturists. Nowadays, acupuncture therapy is being used in more than 140 countries, and acupuncture accidents due to improper application are increasing. Prevention of acupuncture accidents has become a global issue deserving of great attention.

Moxibustion is an important invention of the Chinese nation, which originated as early as in the clan commune period of the primitive society. The literature records on moxibustion can be traced back to the Warring States Period (475 B.C. to 221 B.C.). Doctors through the ages made considerable progress and published a great number of books on moxibustion. Moxibustion has been applied in treating a great range of diseases. Since the 1950s, the treatment scope of moxibustion has been expanded, and the therapeutic methods of moxibustion are becoming increasingly rich and varied, and great progress in research on the mechanism of moxibustion has been made. Moxibustion was once popular in Europe after its dissemination to the West in the seventeenth century, and the practitioners invented some new methods of moxibustion. Japan is the country in the West where fruitful efforts have been made in research on moxibustion. In modern times, moxibustion has been used for health protection, and the scientists are paying great attention to the experimental research on moxibustion.

Acupuncture Therapy ; adverse effects ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Eye ; blood supply ; Eye Diseases ; therapy ; Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVE:To raise the exigency capacity of drug system to cope with the unexpected events of public heal_ th.METHODS:To set up a national drug contingency system(NDCS)for the unexpected events of public health.RESULTS:The NDCS should consist of the reserves of drugs,capacity,information and plan for emergent needs.CONCLUSION:Estab?lishment of NDCS is a way to access health mordernization.

The hemodynamic effects of dextran and nitroprusside on acute pericardialtamponade were investigated on dogs. The result showed that dextran increased CO andMSAP significantly (all P

MicroRNA (miRNA) is an important gene regulatory molecule involved in the occurrence of a variety of diseases and is relat-ed to tumors. MicroRNA has become a new direction of oncology research in recent years. Studies showed that miR-29 plays dual roles, as tumor suppressor and tumor promoter. The expression of miR-29 significantly differs between cancer and normal tissues. miR-29 is predicted to be a biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of certain cancer. This paper reviews the role of miR-29 in the pathogenesis of cancer.

The invasive fungal infection( IFI)in PICU has increased steadily during the recent years. Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. are the most frequently fungi in children. Candida spp. is the leading cause and invasive Candida spp. Infection( ICI)is approximately five times frequency than invasive Aspergillus spp. Infection( IAI). The attributable mortality of ICI or IAI remains different mainly because of different basic diseases. Stay in the PICU presents risk factors for ICI especialy using central venous catheter,parenteral nutrition,dialysis,mechanical ventilation,and prolonged antibiotics application. The patients with hematologic malignancies and leukemia are higher prevalence of IAI who were treated with cytotoxic or immunosuppres-sive drugs,broad-spectrum antibiotics and stem cell transplantation. The most important challenge remains to propose targeted prophylaxis and to identify IFI earily in high risk critically ill children in PICU.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Qiyao Xiaoke Capsule(Capsule for Diabetes) on the diabetes type Ⅱ.Methods Totally 240 diabetes type Ⅱ patients were randomized into a treatment group(n=150),and a control group(n=90);and other 30 diabetes patients who didn't regularly take hypoglycemic drugs were set as opening group.The treatment group was administered Qiyao Xiaoke Capsule plus Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets,while the control group was prescribed Xiaokeling Capsule in addition to Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets,and the opening group was given Qiyao Xiaoke Capsule only,with a leading period of two weeks.The patients were treated for 4 weeks.Before treatment and at the end of the 4 weeks' treatment,the fasting blood glucose(FBG),2 hours postprandial blood glucose(2hPG),and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) of all groups were determined,and scores of TCM syndromes and symptoms were observed to evaluate the therapeutic effect.Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 74.67%,of the control group 72.22%,and in the opening group 70.00%.Except for the 2hPG of the opening group,the FBG,2hPG and HbA1c of 3 groups were decreased(P

Objective　To probe the relationship of differentiation degree with spread or survival prognosis in retinoblastoma　(RB).　Methods　Clinical data, follow up status and eyeball specimens in 156 RB cases were investigated retrospectively. The tumors were divided into differentiated and undifferentiated groups.Conditions of the tumor invasion of ocular or surrounding tissues were reviewed. The fatality rate was obtained from the follow-up materials of 82 cases of RB. The fatality rate and the invasion rate between the two types were compared statistically by Chi-square test. In addition, the relation between the tumor invasion and death ,and the average survival time for dead people after surgery were explored.　Results　Local invasion of tumor cell was found in 8　eyes among 17 eyes with differentiated RB (47.06%),and in 66 eyes among 139 eyes with undifferentiated RB　(47.48%).There was no significant difference with regards to the local invasion between the two types (P>0．05). The fatality rate of cases of differentiated RB was 27.27%,and 22.54% in undifferentiated RB, and there was no statistical difference between the two types .The fatality rate for patients with orbital and scleral extension was 100%,optic nerve invasion (grade Ⅳ) was 62.50%,and uveal invasion was 22.22%.The survival time for the dead victims were from 5 months to 41 months and averaged to 21.92 months.　Conclusion　There was no significant difference both in survival prognosis and local invasion between the two types. The survival prognosis of metastatic RB was dependent on the degree of spread and the efforts of treatment and regardless of the types of differentiation of RB cells.

Objective To evaluate the incidence and the causes of the intra-and postoperative cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)leakage during transsphenoidal surgical removal of pituitary adenomas,and discuss the sella closure methods.Method During the period from January 1998 to May 2008,118 patients underwent 134 transsphenoidal operations for pituitary adenomas.Two different methods to close the sella were used.The first one consisted packing the sella turcica and sphenoidal sinus with autologous fat and restoring the defect of sella turcica with autologous bone.In the second method,tht regenerated oxidized cellulose and collagen sponge with human fibrin were used to cover the seUa membrane defect and the dural defect,followed by packing the seHa with autologous fat.Proportions of each type of pituitary adenomas were analyzed.The frequency of the intra-and postoperative CSF leakage were evaluated in different type tumors and different operations.Data had been studied by statistical analysis.Results The incidence rate of intraoperative CSF leakage(26.5%,9/34)Was obviously increased in patients with growth homone adenoma compared with other type of adenoma(13.0%,13/100).Patients with invasive adenoma had an increased incidence rate of intraoperative CSF leakage(21.1%,8/38)compared with noninvasive adenoma(14.6%,14/96)(P＜0.05).When the descent of the sella turcica membrane Was visualized with tumor being totally removed,the incidence rate of intraoperative CSF leakage increased(18.7%,20/107)compared with when membrane descent was not seen with tumor remaining(7.4%,2/27)(P＜0.05).There were 3 cases postoperative CSF leakage happened in all 12 cases which adopted the first method. By the second method,there was no postoperative CSF leakage,and the number of postoperative complications was significantly smaller than the first method (10.0% and 33.3%,respectively). Conclusions The technique of covering the sella membrane and dural defects with oxidized cellulose and collagen sponge with human fibrin in the presence of intraoperative CSF leakage appears to be the most reliable,as no postoperative CSF leakage after applying this technique has been observed.