0.05).The usage rate of antimicrobial agents in inpatients and outpatients was 74.65% and 45.52% respectively,with a significant difference(P

Objective To explore the viral etiology of acute respiratory tract infections in Nanping area .Methods A total of 3 572 patients ,suffered from acute respiratory tract infections from December 2012 to December 2014 were enrolled in the study .Sev‐en common respiratory viruses were detected by direct immunofluorescence assay ,including influenza A virus(IA) ,influenza B virus (IB) ,adenovirus (ADV) ,respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) ,arainfluenza type Ⅰ (P1) ,arainfluenza type Ⅱ (P2) ,arainfluenza typeⅢ (P3) .Results In total 3 572 samples ,509 samples were virus positive (14 .25% ) .Among them ,507 positive samples were single virus infections and 7 positive samples were double virus infections .RSV infection(9 .38% ) ,P3 infection(2 .32% ) and IA infection (1 .09% ) rates were the top three .Conclusion RSV was the main viral pathogen among 7 common respiratory viruses with obvious seasonal periodicity .Children′s immunity is low and need to prevent respiratory viral infections .

Objective To better promote the health education and health promotion among patients with chronic disease, general practitioners (GPs) in the community should master the knowledge of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This paper aimed to describe the current situation of GPs' knowledge about prevention and treatment of NCDs. Methods Self-designed questionnaires were issued to 1 077 GPs in community health service centers, and all GPs finished the questionnaire without assistance. The content of questionnaire includes the general information of GPs and six questions focusing on NCDs. Results Overall, 1 076 GPs completed the questionnaire, and the response rate was 99.9% (1 076/1 077). With regard to the six questions about NCDs, 90.4% (973/1 076) of GPs were well aware of the diagnosis of hypertension. Apart from that, the knowledge of diabetes mellitus (60.9%, 655/1 076), factors related to NCDs (70.2%, 755/1 076), the concepts of mental illness (52.0%, 560/1 076) and the clinical significance of tumor markers (87.9%, 946/1 076) among GPs were adequate, while more than half of the GPs did not know a lot about home oxygen therapy. Conclusion The mastering level of knowledge about prevention and treatment of NCDs among GPs varies that they need further improvement.

In recent ten years, general practitioner (GP) training and practice develops rapidly in China. It has established a relatively complete GP training system, including medical college education and standardized residency training. However, the path of continuing professional development and clinical skills improvement for GP after standardized residency training is still unclear. The concept of GP with special interest (GPSI) has been proposed these days, and it has put forward a new development direction for the career path of GP. In this article, on the basis of understanding the current status of GPSI in China, we try to discuss its advantages and problems, and then propose our suggestions for its future development.

Objective\ To investigate the effect and safety of LMWH on treatment of nephrotic syndrome(NS).Methods\ We randomized 43 patients with primary NS into 2 groups.Steroid and cyclophosphamide were given in control group.LMWH with the dosage of 3200～5000IU twice per day was added in the treated group.Results\ After 4 to 6 weeks of treatment,a significant increase in AT-Ⅲ,anti-Xa activity and serum albumin and decrease in fibrinogen and proteinuria were observed in LMWH.Conclusion\ LMWH should be recommended as a useful treatment of NS.

Objectives To investigate the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of lower limbs and pulmonary embolism (PE) caused by hypercoagubility in patients with nephrotic syndrome and to estimate the indication and clinical effect of anticoagulation therapy. Methods 54 patients with nephrotis syndrome(thirty-one males and twenty-three females with mean age: 44 13?15 88, 24 hours proteinuria:8 43?5 64g, albuminemia: 20 48?5 41g/L) were enrolled in this study.DVT of lower limbs and PE were confirmed by radionuclide imaging (RNV) with 99mTc-MAA and the clinical effect of subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and oral antiplatelet coagulation therapy were evaluated as well. Results 41 out of 54 cases (76%) had DVT of lower limbs, 14 8% of which had clinical manifestations. 32 out of 54 cases (59 25%) had PE, 7 4% of which had symptoms. 70 7% of PE were caused by DVT of lower limbs. No patient died of PE after the LMWH treatment.Conclusions DVT is one of the most important complications of NS. RNV can be used to make early diagnosis of DVT of lower limbs and PE. Early anticoagulation therapy might ameliorate the prognosis of NS and lower the mortality of PE.

Objective To evaluate the effect of operation associated with uterine arerial chemotherapy and embolization preoperation.Methods 31 patients with pathologically confirmed cervical carcinoma were treated with interventional therapy,followed by uterectomyandpelvic lymphadenectomy.Results Curative effect was obvious.The lymph metastasis of Ⅱ and Ⅲ stage was 12% and 66.67%respectively.27 patients followedup for 3 years,23 were survived(85.19%).Conclusion For cervical carcinoma,before operation,the interventional therapy can reduce the size of tumor and the metastasis of lymph,improve the ectomy by operation and the survival rate.

?Ocular trauma related glaucoma is one of secondary glaucoma, which can lead to serious visual loss. According to the complex clinical findings and pathogenesis of ocular trauma related glaucoma, we divide traumatic secondary glaucoma into hyphema related glaucoma, angle recession related, lens injury related, adhesion and proliferation related. The treatment of secondary traumatic glaucoma with ocular trauma were different, specific treatment measures should be given according to the specific case to protect visual function.

Objective To investigate the nationwide prevalence of healthcare-associated infection (HAI),and es-tablish the related indexes of HAI.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted through combination of bed-side investigation and medical record reviewing,the prevalence of HAI in hospitals of National HAI Surveillance System and other hospitals voluntarily participated in the survey were investigated according to unified survey pro-gram.Results A total of 1 008 584 patients in 1 766 hospitals participated in the survey,26 972 cases of HAI occurred, prevalence rate of HAI was 2.67%,antimicrobial usage rate was 35.01%.Difference in prevalence rates of HAI and anti-microbial usage rates among hospitals with different number of beds were both significant (χ2 =1 599.21,3 458.40,re-spectively,both P <0.01).The main infection sites were lower respiratory tract (47.53%),urinary tract (11.56%)and surgical site(10.41%).A total of 13 784 pathogenic strains were isolated,the top five pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,Escherichia coli ,Klebsiella pneumoniae ,Acinetobacter baumannii ,and Staphylococcus aureus .Prevalence rate of HAI and prophylactic antimicrobial usage rate in patients receiving operation of class Ⅰincision were 1.01% and 27.99% respectively,difference in prophylactic antimicrobial usage rates in patients receiving operation of classⅠincision at hospitals with different number of beds were significant (χ2 =400.34,P <0.01 );among patients receiving antimicrobial prophylaxis,percentage of specimens sending for bacterial detection was 45.89%,difference in bacterial detection rates in hospitals with different number of beds were significant (χ2 =9 189.90,P <0.01).Hospital with more than 900 beds had the highest prevalence rate of HAI(3.36%),lowest usage rate of antimicrobial agents(32.35%),and highest bacterial de-tection rate(56.03%).Conclusion Multiple indexes of this cross-sectional survey revealed that HAI management in China has achieved remarkable results;meanwhile,calculation of the percentile distribution of each index is convenient for self-evaluation for HAI-related work in each hospital.

The course arrangement,teaching contents and means and other items were investigated and analyzed in this research of teaching evaluation of professional teachers in military medical university.The results showed that the levels of post-oriented education teaching were increasing in updating ideas and accumulating experiences in recent years.However,there still existed a few problems such as too much basal theories,lack of real army circs in the contents and little practice in the manners.Therefore,the quality of post-oriented education in military medical university is expected to be developed to a higher level.