Human ; Neoplasms ; Radiation ; Radiologists ; Research ; Tomography

Mammography remains the mainstay of screening for primary breast cancer, however, some limitations persists in women with dense breast, in its inability to differentiate a benign from a malignant lesion, and in its heavy reliance on the radiologists' skill. Breast specific gamma imaging, which evaluates the functional images rather than anatomic images seen in mammography, addresses these limitations and can be a potential adjunct in screening for breast cancer. This meta-analysis aims to determine the diagnostic accuracy of breast specific gamma imaging for diagnosing breast cancer in women who are high risk. We searched PUBMED (1999-2009) and Google Scholar (1999-2009) for diagnostic accuracy studies that compared breast specific gamma imaging with histopathologic diagnosis of breast cancer in high risk women. Citation searches and screening of references of included studies were conducted. Two authors searched citations that correlated with the criteria using a data collection form. The methodological quality was then assessed by three authors using the QUADAS method. HSROC meta-analytical tool was used to estimate summary ROC curves. Four studies with 360 participants and 411 lesions were included. Breast specific gamma imaging has a high sensitivity (84%-97%) and specificity (60%-86%). SROC shows the included studies have high overall accuracy. Breast specific gamma imaging has high diagnostic accuracy in detecting breast cancer in women at high risk.

Human ; Female ; Breast Neoplasms ; Neoplasms ; Neoplasms By Site ; Breast ; Mammography ; Roc Curve ; Radiologists ; Sensitivity And Specificity

OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study is to measure the size of the kidney of Filipino patients, considered as having normal kidney size, in three dimensions, using ultrasound.
METHODS:The ultrasound reports of 109 Filipino patients of a tertiary hospital south of Metro Manila were collected. LENGTH, WIDTH and HEIGHT of each kidney were tabulated and any associated condition seen during the procedure was noted. The ultrasonographic examination was done by only one board-certified radiologist.
RESULTS:Based on ultrasonographic measurements, the average length, width and height of the right kidney are 10.38 cm, 5.30 cm and 3.82 cm, respectively. The left kidney has mean measurements of 10.32 cm, 5.15 cm and 4.10 cm for length, width and height, respectively. The presence of co-morbid conditions did not significantly alter the size of the kidneys.
CONCLUSION:These measurements conform to the standard measurements reported in earlier local researches and in standard textbooks with non-Filipino subjects. This study offers no new findings and just reaffirms what has already been reported. The data presented in this paper will hopefully emphasize the importance of looking at kidney size in the assessment of possible kidney pathology.

Human ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; High-energy Shock Waves ; Kidney ; Philippines ; Radiologists ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Ultrasonics ; Ultrasonography

Abdomen ; diagnostic imaging ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Checklist ; Documentation ; methods ; Humans ; Liver ; diagnostic imaging ; Physicians ; Radiologists ; Radiology ; Referral and Consultation ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine whether there is a significant association between aortic arch calcification (AAC) on digital chest radiography (DCXR) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) by computed tomography of the brain plain (BCT). It also aimed to determine if DCXR may be used to predict stroke.
RESEARCH DESIGN: Retrospective Cross Sectional Chart Review Design
METHODOLOGY: All the 483 patients who underwent DCXR and BCTs at the Doctors Hospital, Inc. from January 2010 to December 2012 were included in the study. Demographic data and risk factors for atherosclerosis and CVD were obtained and analyzed. The DCXR were graded by three radiologists and its association with CVD on BCT using the Chi Square Test of Independence was done. Krusskall Wallis Test was employed. Cochrane Inter rater validity between the three readers was tested. Odds ratio, sensitivity and specificity of DCXR to diagnose CVD on BCT were then determined.
RESULTS: Of the 483 patients included in the study, 52.8% were females with an average age of 65.86±14.46 years old. Patients of the older age group had a higher AAC grade (3) and had more infarcts on BCT. Although risk factors for AAC on DCXR and CVD on BCT were hypertension, dyslipidemia and renal disease, these were not statistically significant. Cross sectional analysis of variables showed that patients with an AAC grade of 1 was highly associated with infarcts and an AAC grade of 2 was associated with hemorrhagic stroke (p=0.0200). A statistically significant inter rater agreement was noted among the three radiologists that read the DCXR.
CONCLUSION: The AAC grade (1) on DCXR is significantly associated with infarcts on BCT scan with a high specificity and strong positive predictive value. Larger studies may be necessary to determine the association of the other AAC grades (2 and 3) with the types of stroke.

Human ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; Tomography, X-ray Computed ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Atherosclerosis ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; Stroke ; Hypertension ; Dyslipidemias ; Brain ; Radiologists

BACKGROUND: An artificial intelligence system of Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R-CNN) is newly developed for the diagnosis of metastatic lymph node (LN) in rectal cancer patients. The primary objective of this study was to comprehensively verify its accuracy in clinical use. METHODS: Four hundred fourteen patients with rectal cancer discharged between January 2013 and March 2015 were collected from 6 clinical centers, and the magnetic resonance imaging data for pelvic metastatic LNs of each patient was identified by Faster R-CNN. Faster R-CNN based diagnoses were compared with radiologist based diagnoses and pathologist based diagnoses for methodological verification, using correlation analyses and consistency check. For clinical verification, the patients were retrospectively followed up by telephone for 36 months, with post-operative recurrence of rectal cancer as a clinical outcome; recurrence-free survivals of the patients were compared among different diagnostic groups, by methods of Kaplan-Meier and Cox hazards regression model. RESULTS: Significant correlations were observed between any 2 factors among the numbers of metastatic LNs separately diagnosed by radiologists, Faster R-CNN and pathologists, as evidenced by rradiologist-Faster R-CNN of 0.912, rPathologist-radiologist of 0.134, and rPathologist-Faster R-CNN of 0.448 respectively. The value of kappa coefficient in N staging between Faster R-CNN and pathologists was 0.573, and this value between radiologists and pathologists was 0.473. The 3 groups of Faster R-CNN, radiologists and pathologists showed no significant differences in the recurrence-free survival time for stage N0 and N1 patients, but significant differences were found for stage N2 patients. CONCLUSION: Faster R-CNN surpasses radiologists in the evaluation of pelvic metastatic LNs of rectal cancer, but is not on par with pathologists. TRIAL REGISTRATION www.chictr.org.cn (No. ChiCTR-DDD-17013842).
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Artificial Intelligence ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Pathologists ; Radiologists ; Rectal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; mortality ; pathology

To investigate hematopoiesis and cytogenetics changes in staff of interventional radiology.A total of 121 intervention radiation workers, 245 common radiation workers and 100 medical personnel (healthy control) without exposure to radiation were enrolled in the study. The peripheral lymphocyte chromosomal aberrations and micronucleus were detected, and the result of white blood cells examination was analyzed.Compared with common radiation group and healthy control group, decreases in white blood cells count, neutrophil ratio, and increase in lymphocyte ratio were observed in intervention radiation group (all<0.05). Intervention radiation group had higher chromosome aberration rate and micronuclear rate than common radiation group and healthy control group (all<0.05). Most common chromosome aberrations were dicentric chromosome, acentric ring, fragments and minute chromosome. Abnormal rates in chromosome aberration and micronucleus rates were increased with the rise of length of service, but no statistically significant difference was observed (>0.05).Long term exposure to ionizing radiation may lead to changes in the human hematopoietic system and cause human chromosome aberration, and the severity of such injuries may be associated with the dose of ionizing radiation.
Adult ; Chromosome Aberrations ; radiation effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Female ; Hematopoiesis ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; statistics & numerical data ; Leukocytes ; pathology ; radiation effects ; Lymphocytes ; pathology ; radiation effects ; ultrastructure ; Male ; Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective ; radiation effects ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Radiation Exposure ; adverse effects ; statistics & numerical data ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Radiologists ; statistics & numerical data ; Time Factors