1.Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea secondary to amyloidosis of the sphenoid sinus.
Elmuntser A Ali ; R Philip ; N Prepageran ; S C Peh
The Medical journal of Malaysia 2008;63(4):341-2
Amyloidosis of the skull base is a rare entity. A patient with localized amyloidosis of the sphenoid sinus presented at our institution with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea. Endoscopic excision of the lesion and multilayered obliteration of the sphenoid sinus resolved the symptoms.
Amyloidosis
;
Metastatic to
;
Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea
;
symptoms <1>
;
Endoscopic approach
2.Posttraumatic symptomatology of a rural Filipino population in Merida, Leyte in the wake of Super Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan)
Rodelen C. Paccial ; Mark Philip R. Rivera ; Bernard B. Argamosa
The Philippine Journal of Psychiatry 2019;41(2):3-9
Objectives:
The goal of the research was to provide local
data on the varieties of posttraumatic symptomatology among
survivors of Super typhoon Haiyan in a rural community in
Merida, Leyte.
Methodology:
This is a single point
non-invasive study of Filipino survivors of typhoon Yolanda
who came from Merida, Leyte, involving administration
of a symptom checklist i.e. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Checklist- Civilian version (PCL-C) to assess the occurrence
of posttraumatic symptoms in the selected group of
volunteers with no history of psychiatric illness. The PCL-C
was given as part of a community screening for symptoms of
PTSD conducted three months after the typhoon. There were
two ways of scoring the PTSD Checklist- Civilian version
(PCL-C) - either by computing for the total severity score or
by scoring each response category just like one would in the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM IV TR) criteria. The
sum of all PCL-C item scores indicated the severity of Post
Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). A score of 30 and above
represented the occurrence of PTSD. T-test was used to
determine differences in the severity scores of those who met
the criteria for PTSD using the total "severity scoring method"
and those who did not.
Results:
A total of 29 respondents
took part in the study where the majority were female (28/29
or 96.55%). The results showed that Filipinos suffered more
re-experiencing symptoms but less avoidance symptoms
compared to the DSM IV-TR criteria. Nine of 29 (31.03%)
respondents were assessed as having Post Traumatic Stress
Disorder (PTSD) based on the total "severity score method':
However, none fulfilled the PTSD DSM IV TR criteria when
the response "category scoring method" was used. Those who
met the severity criteria had significantly higher scores in
items 1 (Repeated, disturbing memories, thoughts, or images
of a stressful experience from the past?), 3 (Suddenly acting
or feeling as if a stressful experience were happening again?),
5 (Having physical reactions when something reminded you
of a stressful experience from the past?), 6 (Avoid thinking
about or talking about a stressful experience from the past or
avoid having feelings related to it?) and 13 (Trouble falling
or staying asleep?).
Conclusion
There seems to be a
difference in how the Filipinos experience trauma compared to Western models such as described in the Diagnostic
Symptom Manual (DSM IV TR) criteria though caution is
warranted in interpreting the results due to the small sample
size and the predominance of female respondents.
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
;
Natural Disasters
;
Cyclonic Storms
4.Delayed spontaneous traumatic pneumocephalus.
T Hari Chandran ; N Prepageran ; R Philip ; K Gopala ; A L Ahmad Zubaidi ; M A Jalaludin
The Medical journal of Malaysia 2007;62(5):411-2
Pneumocephalus or collection of air in the intracranial cavity can occur after trauma or surgery. However, delayed pneumocephalus occurring months after the initial injury is not common. We would like to report a case of spontaneous traumatic pneumoencephalocele presenting with transient recurrent hemiparesis 14 months after the initial trauma.
month
;
Deferred
;
Wounds and Injuries
;
Injury inflicted to the body by an external force
;
Surgical aspects
5.Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Therapy: The Present and the Future.
Philip S J HALL ; Christopher TESHIMA ; Gary R MAY ; Jeffrey D MOSKO
Clinical Endoscopy 2017;50(2):138-142
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) offers access to many intra-abdominal vessels that until now have only been accessible to the surgeon and interventional radiologist. In addition to assisting with diagnostics, this unique access offers the potential for therapeutic intervention for a host of indications. To date, this has had the most clinical impact in the treatment of gastroesophageal varices, with EUS-guided coil and glue application growing in use worldwide. Although randomised controlled trial data is lacking, we discuss the growing body of literature behind EUS-guided therapy in the management of varices. EUS has also been used in specialized centres to assist in non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding. The treatment of bleeding from Dieulafoy lesions, tumours and pancreatic pseudoaneurysms has all been described. The potential applications of EUS have also extended to the placement of portal vein stents and porto-systemic shunts in animal models. As medicine continues to move to increasingly less invasive interventions, EUS-guided therapies offer substantial promise for the safe and effective delivery of targeted treatment for a widening array of vascular disorders.
Adhesives
;
Aneurysm, False
;
Endosonography
;
Esophageal and Gastric Varices
;
Hemorrhage
;
Models, Animal
;
Portal Pressure
;
Portal Vein
;
Stents
;
Ultrasonography
;
Varicose Veins
7.Alpha-vitamin E derivative, RRR-alpha-tocopheryloxybutyric acid inhibits the proliferation of prostate cancer cells.
Eugene CHANG ; Jing NI ; Yi YIN ; Chiu-Chun LIN ; Philip CHANG ; Nadine S JAMES ; Sherry R CHEMLER ; Shuyuan YEH
Asian Journal of Andrology 2007;9(1):31-39
AIMTo investigate the activity of RRR-alpha-tocopheryloxybutyric acid (TOB), an ether analog of RRR-alpha-tocopheryl succinate (VES), in prostate cancer cells.
METHODSVES and TOB were used to treat prostate cancer LNCaP, PC3, and 22Rv1 cells and primary-cultured prostate fibroblasts. The proliferation rates were determined by MTT assay, the cell viabilities were determined by trypan blue exclusion assay, and the cell deaths were evaluated by using Cell Death Detection ELISA kit. The protein expression levels were determined by Western blot analysis.
RESULTSThe MTT growth assay demonstrated that TOB could effectively suppress the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, but not normal prostate fibroblasts. Mechanism dissections revealed that TOB reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells similar to VES. In addition, both TOB and VES suppressed prostate-specific antigen (PSA) at the transcriptional level leading to reduced PSA protein expression. Furthermore, vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression increased after the addition of TOB.
CONCLUSIONOur data suggests that the VES derivative, TOB, is effective in inhibiting prostate cancer cell proliferation, suggesting that TOB could be used for both chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic purposes in the future.
Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Male ; Prostate ; cytology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Vitamin E ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology
9.Oral mucosal lipids are antibacterial against Porphyromonas gingivalis, induce ultrastructural damage, and alter bacterial lipid and protein compositions.
Carol L FISCHER ; Katherine S WALTERS ; David R DRAKE ; Deborah V DAWSON ; Derek R BLANCHETTE ; Kim A BROGDEN ; Philip W WERTZ
International Journal of Oral Science 2013;5(3):130-140
Oral mucosal and salivary lipids exhibit potent antimicrobial activity for a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; however, little is known about their spectrum of antimicrobial activity or mechanisms of action against oral bacteria. In this study, we examine the activity of two fatty acids and three sphingoid bases against Porphyromonas gingivalis, an important colonizer of the oral cavity implicated in periodontitis. Minimal inhibitory concentrations, minimal bactericidal concentrations, and kill kinetics revealed variable, but potent, activity of oral mucosal and salivary lipids against P. gingivalis, indicating that lipid structure may be an important determinant in lipid mechanisms of activity against bacteria, although specific components of bacterial membranes are also likely important. Electron micrographs showed ultrastructural damage induced by sapienic acid and phytosphingosine and confirmed disruption of the bacterial plasma membrane. This information, coupled with the association of treatment lipids with P. gingivalis lipids revealed via thin layer chromatography, suggests that the plasma membrane is a likely target of lipid antibacterial activity. Utilizing a combination of two-dimensional in-gel electrophoresis and Western blot followed by mass spectroscopy and N-terminus degradation sequencing we also show that treatment with sapienic acid induces upregulation of a set of proteins comprising a unique P. gingivalis stress response, including proteins important in fatty acid biosynthesis, metabolism and energy production, protein processing, cell adhesion and virulence. Prophylactic or therapeutic lipid treatments may be beneficial for intervention of infection by supplementing the natural immune function of endogenous lipids on mucosal surfaces.
Anti-Bacterial Agents
;
pharmacology
;
Bacterial Proteins
;
drug effects
;
Colony Count, Microbial
;
Fatty Acids
;
pharmacology
;
Humans
;
Lipids
;
pharmacology
;
Microscopy, Electron
;
Mouth Mucosa
;
chemistry
;
immunology
;
microbiology
;
Porphyromonas gingivalis
;
chemistry
;
drug effects
;
ultrastructure
;
Saliva
;
chemistry
;
microbiology
;
Sphingolipids
;
pharmacology
;
Virulence
;
drug effects
10.Endovascular Therapy for Ischemic Stroke.
Ramana M R APPIREDDY ; Andrew M DEMCHUK ; Mayank GOYAL ; Bijoy K MENON ; Muneer EESA ; Philip CHOI ; Michael D HILL
Journal of Clinical Neurology 2015;11(1):1-8
The utility of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV t-PA) in improving the clinical outcomes after acute ischemic stroke has been well demonstrated in past clinical trials. Though multiple initial small series of endovascular stroke therapy had shown good outcomes as compared to IV t-PA, a similar beneficial effect had not been translated in multiple randomized clinical trials of endovascular stroke therapy. Over the same time, there have been parallel advances in imaging technology and better understanding and utility of the imaging in therapy of acute stroke. In this review, we will discuss the evolution of endovascular stroke therapy followed by a discussion of the key factors that have to be considered during endovascular stroke therapy and directions for future endovascular stroke trials.
Stroke*
;
Tissue Plasminogen Activator