Objective To analyze the clinical features and prognosis of patients with infective endocarditis(IE) and acute kidney injury(AKI),and to evaluate the effect of timely operation on prognosis of renal function.MethodsClinical data of 45 IE and AKI cases in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2010 to May 2016 were retrospectively reviewed;among them 8 cases underwent renal biopsy and the pathologies were analyzed.Patients were divided into Operation group(22 cases) and Non-operation group(23 cases),the clinical data and prognosis were compared.Results The ratio of male to female was 2.46:1 and the average age was 48.3±16.6.35.6% of cases were found with basic valve diseases,the congenital valve diseases were the most common type.The most frequently infected valves were mitral valve(46.7%),aortic valve(28.9%) and prosthetic valve(8.9%) ordinally.The most common pathogenic bacteria were streptococcus(46.7%) and staphylococcus(35.6%).Some rare and special pathogen could also be found in these cases.In 8 cases underwent renal biopsy,3 cases were diagnosed as crescentic nephritis,2 cases were diagnosed as focal proliferative glomerulone-phritis and mesangial prolif-erative glomerulonephritis respectively,1 case was diagnosed as acute interstitial nephritis.C3 sedimentation was the most common phenomenon found in immunofluorescence.There was no significant difference between the baseline data of Operation and Non-operation groups,and neither was the survival rate.However,renal function recovered better in Operation group(P<0.05): the serum creatinine declined remarkably in 7 days(P<0.05) and 30 days(P<0.01)post operation,compared with the peak valve before operation.Conclusions The underline valve diseases and pathogen have been changed in IE as compared with traditional description.Crescentic nephritis is common in renal pathologic manifestation when parenchymal lesion is developed after the onset of IE.Timely operation can improve the renal prognosis in patients with IE and AKI.