Objective To explore the effect of tiotropium bromide combined with ambroxol hydrochloride oral liquid on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at remission.Methods According to the digital table, 38 patients with COPD at remission were randomly divided into treatment group and control group .The control group was given with conventional treatment ,and anti-infection and symptomatic treatment when acute attacking ,while the treatment group was treated with inhaled tiotropium bromide and ambroxol Hydrochloride oral liquid base on the con -trol group.Both groups were treated and observed for 6 months.Times of expectoration and acute attack of COPD were observed,and scores of COPD Assessment Test ( CAT) were noted everyday during therapy .Results Compared with the control group ,the total times and means of expectoration in treatment group were much less ,with very significant statistical difference(t=5.19,P<0.05);the cases,times and means of acute attack of COPD were obviously less than those in control group,with very significant statistical difference (t=2.92,P<0.05);the total scores and means of CAT in treatment group were much lower,with significant statistical difference(t=2.65,P<0.05).Conclusion With long-term treatment ,inhaled tiotropium bromide combined with ambroxol hydrochloride oral liquid can effectively decrease the times of expectoration and acute attack in patients with COPD at remission,and improve their qualities of life.

Myeloproliferative neoplasms ( MPN ) are clonal hematopoietic stem cell diseases characterized by proliferation of one or more myeloid cell lineages in the bone marrow and increased mature and immature cells inperipheral blood.In recent years , several molecular markers have been discovered , such as JAK2 (JAK2 V617F and JAK2 exon12),MPL515 and TET2 mutations and so on.The discoveries provide important significance of better understanding of the pathogenesis in MPNs and are helpful for the purposes of both diagnosis and therapy.However , diagnosis remains difficult in the remaining 30%-45% of patients who lack JAK2 or MPL mutations.Recently as was reported , the identification of CALR mutations will partly address a gap above and may be a new biomarker in the molecular diagnosis of MPNs .In this review,the discovery of CALR mutations in MPN will be introduced.

Objective To prepare recombinant mda-7/IL-24 adenovirus to study its function on the proliferation of small cell lung cancer NCI-H446 cells. Methods According to the manufacturer's instructions of AdEasy vector system, mda-7/IL-24 cDNA was subcloned into the adenoviral shuttle vector pAdTrack-CMV. The efficient recombination of adenoviral backbone vector pAdEasy-1 and pAdTrack-CMV-mda-7/IL-24 was achieved in bacteria E. coli BJ 5183. The recombinant adenoviral vector pAd-mda-7/IL-24 linearized by Pac Ⅰ was transfected into HEK293 cells with lipofectamine 2000. To generate higher titer viral stocks, the amplification of recombinant adenovirus was accomplished in packing cells. Viral titers were measured by tissue culture infectious dose 50 (TCID_ 50 ) method. Ad.mda-7/IL-24 was identified by PCR. The expression of pAd-mda-7/IL-24 in NCI-H446 cells was detected by Western-blot analysis. The function of Ad.mda-7/IL-24 on the proliferation of NCI-H446 cells was assayed by MTT after cells were infected by 50 pfu/ml adenovirus. Results The recombinant adenoviral shutter vector pAdTrack-CMV-mda-7/IL-24 and recombinant adenoviral vector pAd-mda-7/IL-24 were constructed successfully as identified by sequence analysis. PCR assay showed that adenovirus Ad.mda-7/IL-24 contained mda-7/IL-24 cDNA. After amplification in packing cell HEK293, the titer of virus was 2?10~ 10 pfu/ml measured by TCID_ 50 assay. Western-blot results identified that MDA-7/IL-24 could be expressed in NCI-H446 cells. After infected by 50 pfu/ml adenovirus, the proliferation of NCI-H446 cells was inhibited by 21.37% with MTT method. Conclusion Ad.mda-7/IL-24 can inhibit the growth of NCI-H446 cell obviously. This result lays foundation to study its function mechanism and to apply it in gene therapy of the small cell lung cancer.

目的观察带锁髓内钉固定结合自体骨髓移植治疗长管状骨骨折和骨折不愈合的疗效。方法对12例股骨、胫骨长管状骨骨折和骨折不愈合患者行带锁髓内钉固定、复位,同时行自体骨髓移植治疗(每2周移植1次,共移植3—6次)。结果所有病例均未出现骨折延迟愈合或不愈合,于10—18个月时取出髓内钉,未出现断钉、关节功能障碍、骨密度明显降低等。结论带锁髓内钉固定结合自体骨髓移植是一种可行的治疗长管状骨骨折与骨折不愈合的有效方法。

BACKGROUND:Transformation growth factor-β(TGF-β) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are the main regulatory factors in the process of spinal cord injury. There are many researches for TGF-βand BDNF pathogenesis in the spinal cord injury, but the regulation of Ginsenoside Rg1 intervention on TGF-βand BDNF in the spinal cord injury is rarely reported.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of Ginsenoside Rg1 intervention on TGF-βand BDNF expression at themolecular protein levels, and to study the protection effect of Ginsenoside Rg1 on the spinal cord and nerve function after spinal cord injury.
METHODS:Experimental rats were randomly divided into blank control group, model group and Ginsenoside Rg1 group. In the model and Ginsenoside Rg1 groups, spinal cord injury model was established with the impact method in rats. In the Ginsenoside Rg1 group, rats were intraperitoneal y injected with 10 mg/kg Ginsenoside Rg1 24 hours after modeling, once per day, for 14 days. Rats in the blank control and model groups were injected with equal saline.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, serum malondialdehyde levels increased, the content of superoxide dismutase decreased, TGF-βexpression levels in spinal cord tissue increased, and BDNF expression levels decreased in the model and Ginsenoside Rg1 groups. Compared with the model group, serum malondialdehyde levels decreased, the content of superoxide dismutase increased, TGF-βexpression levels in spinal cord tissue decreased, and BDNF expression levels increased in the Ginsenoside Rg1 group. Ginsenoside Rg1 can protect the injury spinal cord in rats after spinal cord injury.

BACKGROUND:Chinese herb extracts can restore and protect the nervous system of rats through intervention of neural stem cels. OBJECTIVE:To explore the role of ginsenosides Rg1 in the proliferation and protection of neural stem cels. METHOD:Sprague-Dawley rats at pregnant 19 days were dissected to take out fetal rats, and then the hippocampal tissues from fetal rats were isolated to extract neural stem cels. Neural stem cels were co-cultured with DMEM/F12 medium containing 50 g/L ginsenosides Rg1 as intervention group, with DMEM/F12 medium as blank control group, and with DMEM/F12 containing 0.64% phenol as positive control group, respectively. MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of neural stem cels in each group, and western blot method to detect the protein expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and transforming growth factor-β in neural stem cels. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Rat neural stem cels were round single cels with clear border at early period after isolation but at 2 days after inoculation, the cels were adherent and aggregated into smal cel spheres. Compared with the blank control group, the proliferative rate of neural stem cels was significantly increased in the ginsenosides Rg1 group (P < 0.05), but decreased in the positive control group (P < 0.05). Compared with the blank control group, in the ginsenosides Rg1 group, the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor was elevated, and the expression of transforming growth factor-β was reduced, indicating ginsenosides Rg1 has a certain effect to promote the proliferation of neural stem cels as wel as to protect the neural stem cels.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of keeping the consistency of bladder filing by a Bladderscan ( BS ) device during radiotherapy for rectal cancer. Methods The bladder volume was measured using a BS device and recorded. To verify the reliability of the BS measurement, the urinary output was determined by a measuring glass after complete urinary discharge. The bladder volume of 42 patients determined by the planning computed tomography ( CT) scans was used as the standard urinary volume. The bladder volume was measured using the BS device before radiotherapy every day. The chief complaint urinary volume was determined as the bladder volume when a patient felt a strong urge to urinate. The controlled urinary volume was determined as the urinary output intervened by the BS device to reach the standard urinary volume. Comparison was made by t test and data was assessed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results There was no significant difference in obtained urinary volume between the BS device and the planning CT scan ( P=0?84) . The urinary volume measured by the measuring glass was correlated with that measured by the BS device ( P=0?00 ) . The ability to hold urine in all patients was gradually weakened during treatment. The controlled urinary volume had a significantly smaller decrease after 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 weeks of treatment than the chief complaint urinary volume ( 5% vs. 21%;6% vs. 20%;6% vs. 20%, 4% vs. 21%;11% vs. 26%;all P=0?00) . Conclusions Patients have a gradually decreased urinary volume during treatment. The intervention by the BS device gives a bladder volume close to that in the planning system, which results in a consistent bladder filling.

Objective:To investigated the correlation between vascular remodeling pattern and perforator stroke after stenting in patients with symptomatic intracranial vertebrobasilar artery stenosis.Methods:Patients with symptomatic intracranial vertebrobasilar atherosclerotic stenosis underwent stenting and high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) from January 2017 to August 2020 were enrolled retrospectively. The data of demography, vascular risk factors, plaque characteristics, operation process and postoperative complications were collected. The plaque characteristics were observed by HR-MRI, and the correlation between vascular remodeling pattern and perforator stroke after stenting was analyzed.Results:A total of 41 patients were enrolled in the analysis. Their age was 60.1±8.8 years (range, 49-77 years). There were 31 males (75.6%). Among them, 21 (51.2%) were positive remodeling, 20 (48.8%) were non-positive remodeling, and 5 (12.2%) had perforator stroke after procedure. The incidence of perforator stroke in the positive remodeling group was significantly higher than that in the non-positive remodeling group (23.8% vs. 0%; P=0.048). The positive remodeling rate of the perforator stroke group was significantly higher than that of the non-perforator stroke group (100.0% vs. 44.4%; P=0.048). Conclusions:Patients with intracranial vertebrobasilar atherosclerotic stenosis and positive vascular remodeling were more likely to have perforator stroke after stenting.

Objective To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture on acupoint local extracellular ionized atom concentrations under physiological status and provide a basis for exploring the mechanism of action of electroacupuncture. Method Twenty male SD rats were selected. Rat point Zusanli (ST36) was given electroacupuncture (1 mA, 0.2 ms and 2 Hz) for 60 min. Meanwhile, local tissue fluid was collected at point Zusanli and non-acupoints using a microdialyzer. The collection by molecular probe membrane sampling lasted 4 hrs: 60 min physiological status before electroacupuncture, 60 min electroacupuncture, 60 min after electroacupuncture and 120 min after electroacupuncture. Real-time analysis of the sample was made by electrolyte analysis to observe local changes in concentrations of Ca﹢﹢, K﹢, Na﹢and Cl- at point Zusanli. Result Local Ca﹢﹢concentrations at point Zusanli increased significantly during electroacupuncture (P=0.003, vs before electroacupuncture), rose gradually afterwards and reached the peak at 60 min after electroacupuncture (P=0.75, vs during electroacupuncture). Ca﹢﹢concentrations decreased at 120 min after electroacupuncture; there was a statistically significant difference comparedwith during electroacupuncture (P=0.04). Acupoint local extracellular concentrations of Na ﹢ and Cl- also increased significantly during electroacupuncture (P<0.001, P=0.007, vs before electroacupuncture) but decreased gradually during 60 min after electroacupuncture and to (71.81±15.09) mmol/L and (57.42±14.30) mmol/L, respectively, at 60 min after electroacupuncture (P=0.09, P=0.07 vs during electroacupuncture). Acupoint extracellular K ﹢concentrations had a tendency similar to those of Na﹢and Cl- but there was no statistically significant difference. Non-point electroacupuncture slightly increased extracellular concentrations of Ca﹢﹢, K﹢, Na﹢and Cl- but there were no statistically significant differences compared with before electroacupuncture (P>0.05). Conclusion Rat point Zusanli electroacupuncture can induce significant increases in acupoint local extracellular concentrations of Ca﹢﹢, K﹢, Na﹢and Cl- . Ionized atom concentrations decrease in different degrees after electroacupuncture. These provide an experimental basis for studying the physiological mechanism of electroacupuncture treatment.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between endothelial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte apoptosis during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion.Methods:A total of 63 male rats were selected to establish the rat model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion by the ligation of the left anterior descending(LAD)coronary artery to simulate myocardial ischemia.Rats were divided into the control group and group Ⅰb, group Ⅰa, group Ⅱb, group Ⅱa, group Ⅲb and group Ⅲa.Control rats were treated only with LAD threading without ligation.In observation group, at 30, 90, 120 min after LAD ligation(marked as Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ group respectively), loosen the ligation to simulate ischemia-reperfusion.In the observation group, captopril sublingual injection of 0.25 mg/kg before ligation were marked as group b, and as group a with no captopril injection.The circulating endothelial cells(CEC), endothelin(ET), nitric oxide(NO)and the apoptosis rate of cardiomyocytes in each group were measured.Results:The CEC and ET levels showed a continuous upward trend, and a NO level showed a continuous downward trend from group Ⅰa to Ⅱa to Ⅲa as compared with the control group( P<0.05). After using preventive intervention of captopril, the CEC and ET levels were lower and NO levels were higher in group Ⅱb and Ⅲb than in group Ⅱa and Ⅲa, respectively( P<0.05). The apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes was higher in group Ⅰa than in the control group, and the apoptotic rate from high to low were from group Ⅲa[(235.71±40.25)%]to group Ⅱa[(197.28±43.56)%]to group Ⅰa[(138.55±32.87)%]and to the control group[(5.81±2.02)%]( P<0.05). The apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes was lower in group Ⅱb[(125.67±26.51)%]and Ⅲb[(124.91±33.28)%]than in group Ⅱa and Ⅲa, respectively( P<0.05). Conclusions:The ischemia-reperfusion can cause endothelial dysfunction and the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, and there is a close relationship between the degree of this lesions and the duration of ischemia-reperfusion.While, the appropriate application of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor can inhibit the damage of cardiomyocytes to a some extent.