The pathophysiological mechanism of spinal cord injury is very complex.In order to find out the clinical treatment for spinal cord injury,the suitable design of a spinal cord injury experimental model is critically important to explore the mechanism in treatment the spinal cord injury,by which the transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could be conducted,Nowadays,several methods have already existed on the design of spinal cord injury experimental model,including contused model,tension model,compression model,cutting model or resorption model,and ischemia model,and the way of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation,including call suspension stereotaxis injection,lumbar puncture cell suspension injection,and intravenous cell suspension injection.The possible mechanisms of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in treatment of spinal cord injury were as follows:① bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could move to the damage department and differentiate into neural cell phenotype;② bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could play the role of bridge-mediation;③ bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could inhibit the apoptosis of the nerve cells after transplantation.Animal experiments proved that there are broad prospects of clinical application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem calls for the treatment of spinal cord injury.

The extensor tendon rupture is a common disease.Traditional management includes "8" suture and cross suture.But second operation is commonly needed for the reason of postoperative Nodules or adhesion.So a new technique is invented by the author:micro-weave suture combined with sodium hyaluronate.The new technique has improved dynamic intensity of the tendon and avoided postoperative adhesion.In this paper,this technique is reviewed.

Children avascular necrosis of femoral head is a self-healing,self-limiting and non-systematic disease occouring locally in femoral head of children.The purpose of traditional conservative and surgical treatments is to improve blood circulation,decrease intraosseous pressue,decrease arthrosis pressure,reduce capital mechanical pressure to the femoral head and increse its containment.Anyway,no treatment could stop the progress of coxa plana and degeneration of the bone,which could lead to disorder of the hip.As a new technique,autologous bone marrow stem cellular transplantation has obtained preliminary curative effect.It has been proved to be a new effective treatment of children avscular necrosis of the femoral head with combined use of tissue enginering bone.

Spinal cord injury is the main reason for paraplegia and one of the highest diseases causing human disability.Recent animals researches shows BMSCs has a good prospect in curing SCI,and these researches attracted doctors' attention from home and abroad,and they had achieved a certain effect,but long-term effects needs follow-up observation.In clinical the best time for transplanting BMSCs is about 9 days after SCI.Common methods:(1)Cell suspension injecting damaged parts directly.(2)Lumbar puncture cell suspension input.(3)Intravenous cell suspension input.(4)After the induced differentiation cell suspension.But with the development of basic research and clinical trial results,BMSCs could play an irreplaceable role in the treatment of spinal cord injury.

BACKGROUND:Soft-tissue defect in plastic surgery is a major problem,and currently all of methods used for clinical treatment have certain shortcomings.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the research status of adipose tissue engineering,to analyze the current deficiencies in the application of the program,and to outlook its possible future in clinical application.METHODS:A computer-based online search was conducted jn Medline and CNK J with the key words of"adipose tissue engineering.mesenchymal stem cells,derived from adipose tissue"in both Chinese and English from January 1 991 to May 2009.The related articles about fat tissue and tissue-engineered building were included,but the duplicated studies were excluded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 342 documents were retrieved firstly.According to the inclusion criteria,33 articles were included in the final analysis During the exploration of treatment for soft-tissue defect,tissue engineering technology provided a new method by combining the seed cells amplifying in vitro with biomatedal to repair some tissue or organ defects,reconstruct physiological function,and finally to achieve the ultimate goal of non-damage repairment of organic defect and reconstruction of morphology,structure and function Nowadays there are several successful strategies of constructing adipose tissue in treatment for soft tissue defect,which will fill in the blanks in the repairment of adipose tissue defect.

[Objective]To observe the effect of cross-finger-like micro-weave suture plus sodium hyaluronate technology in the treatment of extensor tendon injury by the animal experiments.[Method]Twenty-eight Leghorn chickens were randomly divided into four groups,double-cross stitching was used in group A in the treatment of extensor tendon injury,double-cross stitching plus sodium hyaluronate in group B,cross-finger-like micro-braided suture in group C,cross-finger-like micro-braided suture plug sodium hyaluronate surgery in group D.Six weeks after surgery,morphological observation,histological observation and biomechanical determination were done by using the naked eye and microscope,as well as the results of the experiments were statistically analyzed.[Result]In the group of the cross-finger-like micro-weave suture plus sodium hyaluronate,tendon grew in good shape without nodules after surgery,pseudome was formed around tendon,tendon cells mostly arranged regularly in bunches,maximum load was (70.9 ? 5.68) N on average,it was significantly larger than those in other groups and there was a significant difference by the analysis of variance (P

[Objective]To test and prove the mushroom shaped surface prosthesis of femoral head not only can be a weight-bearing device,but also could reduce stress-shelter and achieve long-term stability.[Method]A simplified three-dimensional model of femoral head was made.And the biomechanics of femoral head were compared by finite element analysis in two states:with and without the replacement.[Result]It showed that the maximum of strees in famoral head was less than 40Mpa,consequently the replacement had sufficient strength to meet its basic function.Furthermore,the prosthesis bear the force both at up part and down.Therefore it reduced stress-shelter.[Conclusion]This prosthesis can achieve immediate and long-term stability.And it provides new ideas for designing the femoral head resurfacing prosthesis.

Objective To address the medical problems, in treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head, on loosening and subsidence of the prosthesis of femoral head. A set of Mushroom Shaped Surface Prosthesis of Femoral Head was designed. Methods Based on biomechanical of the femoral head and the principle of transferring the force through femoral head while reducing stress-sheltered, nickel-titanium alloy and other new medical alloy materials were used to develop a prosthesis, which not only can be a weight-bearing device, but also promotes bone-growth. Results The prosthesis is novel, compact and little-volume, and the manipulation of surgery is convenient and secure. Conclusion The design of this prosthesis can provide new ways or ideas for designing the femoral head replacement prosthesis to solve problems on loosening and subsidence.

Objective To investigate the effects of anti-adhesion treatment and high-strength suture technique on the treatment of extensor tendon rupture by animal experiments and clinical application.Methods Twenty-eight leg-born chickens were randomly divided into four groups(7 each).Double cross suture was applied in group A,while double cross suture combined with sodium hyaluronate spraying in group B,cross-finger-like micro-braided suture in group C,and cross-finger-like micro-braided suture combined with sodium hyaluronate spraying in group D.The animals were sacrificed 6 weeks after operation,morphological,histological and biomechanics were observed and compared among the groups.One hundred and sixteen patients were treated with the surgical method in group D(89 males,27 females,aged 20-55 with an average of 36 years;73 with extensor tendon rupture,38 with strain/chalasis,5 with firearm injuries;56 on back of hand,48 on central slip,12 on lateral fixing chorda;82 with one-stage operation,and 34 with second-stage operation),and then followed-up for 2-5 years to observe the therapeutic effects.Results The repaired tendons in group D was in good contour,most tendon cells arranged regularly in bunches.The maximum load was significantly higher in group D(70.9?5.7N) than in group A(48.4?5.7N),Group B(51.3?3.2N) and Group C(68.3?2.8N,P