Objective To investigate the efficacy and adverse reaction of quetiapine compared to risperidone in female first-episode schizophrenia.Methods Eighty cases met the CCMD-3 criteria for schizophrenia were divided into two groups with random numbers table method,treated with quetiapine(300 ～ 750mg/d) and risperidone(2 ～5mg/d) respectively for 8 weeks.The efficacy was measured with the positive and negative symptoms scale(PANSS),and the side effects were observed.Results The difference between two groups in 2-weekend,4-weekend and 8-weekend PANSS had no statistical meaning(all P＞0.05).The efficient rate of clinial treatment of quetiapine and risperidone groups were 90% and 87.5% respectively,The difference had no statistical meaning(P＞0.05).Risperidone group had higher incidence rate than quetiapine group in adverse reaction such as tremor,muscle rigidity,akathisia,emmenia change and lactation etc.Conclusion Quetiapine haa equivalent clinial effect with risperidone in female first-episode schizophrenia,and had less adverse reaction.