cases of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) were treated with drugs of all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and Proplylene glucol mannurate sulfate (PGMS).Complete Remission rate was 90%. Because of using Proplylene glucol mannurate sulfate (PGMS), the rate of DIC and the rate of death were decreased.

Microbiome is a novel research field related to human health,agriculture,bio-energy and the environment. Gut microbiome has received much attention from researchers recently. Studies have shown that gut flora is related to some diseases,such as digestive disease(inflammatory bowel disease),metabolic disease(type 2 diabetes), cardie-cerebral vascular disease(Parkinson disease). Traditional Chinese materia medica(TCMM) has long been used as a tonic and taken in a large amount. Gut flora has an effect on pharmacology and toxicology of TCMM after entering the gastroin?testinal tract. This article is intended to review recent researches on microbiome,common detection techniques and the relationship with hepatotoxicity induced by Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.,scutel?laria baicalensis that directly affects the intestinal tract,nephrotoxicity induced by Rhizoma Alismatis and pneumonia induced by Xiao-Chaihu-Tang.

There is emerging evidence from clinical studies that the existence of liver cancer stem cells(CSCs)or tumor initiating cells is responsible for the high recurrence rates of tumor,generation of metastasis,and resistance to therapeutic regimens after therapy. Here,the characteristics of liver CSCs,clinical manifestation,molecular signaling Wnt/β-catenin,signal transducers and activators of transcription 3,NANOG,annexin A3/c-Jun N-terminal kinase,and chapter four-transmembrane 4 L six family member 5/CD44 in liver CSC self-renewal were briefly reviewed. In addition,potential targets for drug therapy were analyzed,providing some reference for drug discovery that selectively target liver CSC self-renewal signals.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the effect and safety of bilateral stereotactic radiofrequency amygdalohippocampectomy (SAHE) for treatment of bilateral medial temporal lobe epilepsy (BMTLE). Methods Twelve BMTLE patients were treated with bilateral SAHE under limited coagulations. Clinical parameters were evaluated with the programs of Engel′s classification, Liverpool Seizure Severity Scale (LSSS) 2.0, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) and Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R), respectively. Results Five patients (42%) were assessed as EngelⅠwith 12 ~ 62-month follow-up. Seizure severity scores were declined sharply compared with the baseline of the patients with out seizure free. Function of memory and intelligence was transiently declined without statistical significance immediately after operation (P >0.05), but was significantly increasedat 6 months after operation (P < 0.05). Conclusion Bilateral SAHE could terminate seizures or reduce seizure severity in patients with BMTLE. Under the circumstance of limited coagulations, neuropsychological function was improved along with seizure control.

As an integral part of translational medicine,translational toxicology is intended to apply the results of toxicological studies to the prevention of diseases and the harmful effects on organisms. As far as drug safety evaluation is concerned,translational work is focused on developing more sensitive and specific translational safety biomarkers. Previous research focused on indicators of the liver and kidney,cardiovascular damage in the early stage,and detection of early-stage cancer. MicroRNA is hot sphere of research and considered a potential biomarker. Translational toxicology requires multi-discipli-nary and multi-agency communication and cooperation. The approach adopted by the Predictive Safety Testing Consortium is relatively perfect and is worth learnikng from.

Objective: To observe influence of enalapril maleate and folic acid tablet (EFA) on blood pressure and blood glucose levels in patients with H-type hypertension (HTH) complicated diabetes mellitus (DM).Methods: According to random number table, a total of 300 HTH + DM patients were equally divided into enalapril group, amlodipine group and EFA group.Levels of blood pressure, plasma homocysteine (Hcy), carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2h postprandial glucose (2hPG), fasting insulin (FINS), 2h postprandial insulin (2hPINS) were measured and compared among three groups before, and one, 12 and 24 months after treatment.All patients were followed up for two years, incidence rates of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events were compared among three groups.Results: Compared with enalapril group and amlodipine group on 24 months after treatment, there were significant reductions in levels of SBP[(134.65±7.25) mmHg, (136.00±8.62) mmHg vs.(128.62±5.00) mmHg], DBP[(84.79±4.26) mmHg, (88.47±7.25) mmHg vs.(74.29±5.06) mmHg], plasma Hcy[(11.18±5.21)μmol/L , (30.29±5.62)μmol/L vs.(9.72±2.47)μmol/L], CIMT[(1.30±0.19) mm, (1.46±0.37) mm vs.(0.95±0.38) mm], 2hPG[(12.50±1.70)mmol/L, (12.90±1.90)mmol/L vs.(9.50±1.00)mmol/L]and 2hPINS[(71.38±17.63)μU/ml, (78.42±21.49)μU/ml vs.(61.28±18.14)μU/ml], P<0.05 or <0.01.After two-year follow-up, compared with enalapril group and amlodipine group on 24 months after treatment, there was significant reductions in incidence rates of cerebrovascular events (11%, 23% vs.0) and cardiovascular events (2%, 11% vs.0) in EFA group, P<0.01 all.Conclusion: EFA tablets can significantly reduce blood pressure, blood glucose and Hcy level and effectively delay atherosclerosis progression in HTH+DM patients,its safety is good, which is worth extending.

Objective To explore the effect of resveratrol ( Rev) as an antioxidant on oxidative damage to HepaRG cells induced by troglitazone ( Tro).Methods Cells were divided into five groups: control ( RPMI 1640 only with 0.1%DMSO), Tro(50 μmol/L), Tro(50 μmol/L) +Rev(15 μmol/L), Tro(50 μmol/L) +Rev(7.5 μmol/L) and Tro (50 μmol/L)+Rev(3.75 μmol/L) groups.MTT assay was performed to detect the viability of Rev-treated, Tro-treated and Rev with 50 μmol/L Tro-treated HepaRG cells.After 48 hours, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid oxidation ( malondialdehyde , MDA ) , degree of apoptosis , total antioxidant capacity , activity of hydrogenperoxidase (catalase, CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) and superoxide dismutase(SOD)of these groups were identified. Results Tro could obviously cause HepaRG cells to produce oxidative stress .Compared with control group ,ROS and lipid peroxidation ( MDA) levels and the rate of apoptosis and necrosis in Tro-treated group were significantly increased ( P<0.05),total antioxidant capacity greatly reduced (P<0.05),and the activity of CAT,GSH-px and SOD was decreased (P<0.05).After adding various concentrations of Rev interaction , ROS and MDA production volume decreased (P < 0.05), and the apoptosis and necrosis rate correspondingly declined (P<0.05).Total antioxidant capacity of the cells and the activity of the three antioxidant enzymes were increased (P<0.05), and there was a dose-dependent relationship. Conclusion Tro can cause HepaRG cells to produce significant oxidative stress while Rev can significantly improve the oxidative damage of Tro to HepaRG cells .

In view of the characteristics of the computerized system,the key points in the quality assurance (QA) of the computerized system was discussed and summarized combined with the requirements of the GLP laboratory in Europe and America.The validation of computerized system,the control during the use of computerized system,period maintenance and safety protection of computerized system,archives of electronic data was discussed,expecting to provide reference for the management of computerized system in Chinese GLP laboratory which is generally not high currently.The experiences were obtained as follow:Through repeated inspection and review,the problem was found and set as the risk point;a targeted QA inspection plan was made focusing on the risk-based inspection and the QA inspection plan was timely adjusted according to the problems,which ensures the pertinence and validity of the QA inspection.

There are some shortcomings of animal experiments applied in chemical toxicity testing, such as long period, large cost, species differences and dose differences, which limit the use of animal experiments' results in predicting human toxicity.Accordingly, we established a toxicity testing alternative screening system in line with the toxicity endpoints which required in chemical safety evaluation and risk assessment (genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, acute toxicity and general toxicity) based on 3R principles (replacement, reduction, refinement) for animal experiments.This system covers most of the endpoints of toxicity assessment, and molecular biology technology was also applied to integrate the toxicity test, as well as some operation was optimized in order to shorten the experimental period, reduce experimental costs, improve animal welfare.Furthermore, the results from the screening system have higher clinical relevance because it is based on the toxicity mechanisms.

Objective To verify the effectiveness and safety of domestic neurosurgery medical robot Remebot for the biopsy of intracranial lesions.Methods Thirteen patients with intracranial lesions having comparatively difficulty in diagnosis in our hospital from January 2016 to May 2016 were randomly selected to robot operation group (n=6) and frame stereotactic group (n=7).In the robot operation group,four marks were pasted to the patient's head for the stereotaxy without frame,while in the frame stereotactic group,the frame should be fixed to the patient's head for the operation.The targets were set at the central of the lesions and the biopsies were performed through targets to the whole lesions.The specimens were sent for pathologic examinations with immunohistochemical staining.Results The confirmed diagnostic rate of robot operation group was 6/6:glioblastoma multiforme in 3,oligodendroglioma in one,non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in one and focal cortical dysplasia in one;the confirmed diagnostic rate of the frame stereotactic group was 6/7:glioblastoma multiforme in 2,grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ astrocytoma in 2,follicular thyroid carcinoma in one and cerebellum ganglion glioma in one,and the one without confirmed diagnosis was intracranial multiple cystic lesion.The positional accuracy in the robot operation group was 1.48±0.62 (accuracy error:0.66-2.47 mm) and that in the frame stereotactic group was 1.06±0.49 (accuracy error:0.50 mm-l.90 mm).Conclusions The domestic neurosuregery medical robot Remebot is characteristic by minimal invasive and high positional accuracy.It is quite suitable for frameless stereotactic intracranial lesion biopsy.The surgical planning could be made according to the shape of lesions and the positional accuracy is reached to the requirement of biopsy.Since the procedure of operation could be performed without fixing the frame on patients' head,the pain and fear of patients are reduced in a great deal and the operation is quite easy to be performed.Thus,it's more suitable for the biopsy ofintracranial lesions.