Objective To evaluate the clinical usefulness of determining the liver reserve function by estimating the retention rate of indocyanine green at fifteen minutes(ICGR15) before interventional chemoembolization in treating patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods Forty-three patients with HCC were enrolled in this study.Before interventional chemoembolization ICGR15 and Child-Pugh classification were estimated in all patients.Based on the ICGR15,the patients were divided into three groups.After chemoembolization,all the patients were divided into two groups according to liver function condition: group M(showing mild hepatic dysfunction) and group S(developing severe hepatic dysfunction).The occurrence of postoperative hepatic dysfunction and the difference in the hepatic function changes between three groups were analyzed.Results After interventional chemoembolization the occurrence of hepatic dysfunction were significantly different between three groups divided by ICGR15 test(P

OBJECTIVE:To improve the information system of Out-patient pharmacy intravenous admixture center (OUIVA) to improve the pharmaceutical service rendered to the transfusion patient and ensure the safety of drug use. METHODS:The defi-ciency in OUIVA information system of our hospital were analyzed,in which improvement was made with respect to ungrouped doctor’s orders,inconsistency between the total doses charged and the prescribed doses and the error of transfusion days that occurred fre-quently. The conformity rate of out-patient fluid transfusion prescriptions and the time of patients’waiting for transfusion before and after the improvement were compared and evaluated. RESULTS:Improvement was made to OUIVA information system through the optimization of transfusion process,the application of condition limit,the adding of logical operation and verification and the other measures. After improvement,the unconformity rate of out-patient prescriptions in our hospital descended from 11.24% in 2013 to 3.69% in 2014,with an obvious increase in the accuracy rate of dispensing for fluid transfusion;and the time of patients’waiting for transfusion was shortened from 30-40 min to 15-20 min,with an increase in the degree of satisfaction of transfusion patients. CONCLUSIONS:The OUIVA information system can reduce the errors of drug dispensing for fluid transfusion and improve pharmaceutical services.

Objective: To observe influence of enalapril maleate and folic acid tablet (EFA) on blood pressure and blood glucose levels in patients with H-type hypertension (HTH) complicated diabetes mellitus (DM).Methods: According to random number table, a total of 300 HTH + DM patients were equally divided into enalapril group, amlodipine group and EFA group.Levels of blood pressure, plasma homocysteine (Hcy), carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2h postprandial glucose (2hPG), fasting insulin (FINS), 2h postprandial insulin (2hPINS) were measured and compared among three groups before, and one, 12 and 24 months after treatment.All patients were followed up for two years, incidence rates of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events were compared among three groups.Results: Compared with enalapril group and amlodipine group on 24 months after treatment, there were significant reductions in levels of SBP[(134.65±7.25) mmHg, (136.00±8.62) mmHg vs.(128.62±5.00) mmHg], DBP[(84.79±4.26) mmHg, (88.47±7.25) mmHg vs.(74.29±5.06) mmHg], plasma Hcy[(11.18±5.21)μmol/L , (30.29±5.62)μmol/L vs.(9.72±2.47)μmol/L], CIMT[(1.30±0.19) mm, (1.46±0.37) mm vs.(0.95±0.38) mm], 2hPG[(12.50±1.70)mmol/L, (12.90±1.90)mmol/L vs.(9.50±1.00)mmol/L]and 2hPINS[(71.38±17.63)μU/ml, (78.42±21.49)μU/ml vs.(61.28±18.14)μU/ml], P<0.05 or <0.01.After two-year follow-up, compared with enalapril group and amlodipine group on 24 months after treatment, there was significant reductions in incidence rates of cerebrovascular events (11%, 23% vs.0) and cardiovascular events (2%, 11% vs.0) in EFA group, P<0.01 all.Conclusion: EFA tablets can significantly reduce blood pressure, blood glucose and Hcy level and effectively delay atherosclerosis progression in HTH+DM patients,its safety is good, which is worth extending.

Objective To develop a gene chip for the detection of common pathogens causing urogenital sexually transmitted infections. Methods The target pathogens were divided into three groups: viruses, bacteria, and lower eukaryotes. Three pairs of universal primers were designed and applied to amplify the target genes of these different pathogens in one PCR reaction system. The gene chips were then prepared via immobilization of the specific probes onto specially treated glass slides. Finally, the labeled amplicons were hybridized with the gene chips, scanned and analyzed using computer software. Results Amplicons were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. The fluorescence signals for specific pathogens could be recognized in the gene chips, and were identical with the positions of the specific probes. Conclusions Gene chip is a specific, sensitive and rapid method for simultaneous detection of multiple sexually transmitted infections.

OBJECTIVEMultiple subpial transection (MST) is one approach to the surgical treatment of intractable epilepsy with epileptogenic lesion located in functional areas. To verify the effect of MST, an experimental study was performed first, followed by clinical application.

METHODSOn the basis of the experimental study, MST was performed in 200 intractable epileptic patients from 1991 to 2000. Of them, 80 cases underwent MST only while 120 others underwent MST combined with other techniques, such as corpus callosotomy, temporal lobectomy and focus resection. A series of modifications of the surgical techniques were made.

RESULTSThe results of the experimental study indicated that MST could inhibit the formation and spreading of epileptic discharge and limit the damage to neurons in a minimal area on the epileptogenic agent injected cortex. MST does not impair major functions of the cortex. After the clinical application and modifications, 160 patients were followed up for 1 to 8 years. Complete control of seizure was obtained in 100 cases (62.5%), significant reduction (more than 75%) in 32, reduction (more than 50%) in 20 and no change in 8. The total rate of effectiveness was 95.0%, and the significant rate of effectiveness was 82.5%. No functional defects were found in any patients.

CONCLUSIONSThe results indicate that MST is an effective approach to the surgical treatment of intractable epilepsy. MST can be combined with other approaches. The outcome of the subdivision of the MST only group indicates that MST on local epileptogenic lesion without structural changes is as effective as that of the combined operation group. To evade hemispheric disturbance, MST should be done first to avoid severe complications. Hemispherectomy should be performed only on poor effected cases of MST.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Epilepsy ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pia Mater ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; methods

Objective To explore the effect of resveratrol ( Rev) as an antioxidant on oxidative damage to HepaRG cells induced by troglitazone ( Tro).Methods Cells were divided into five groups: control ( RPMI 1640 only with 0.1%DMSO), Tro(50 μmol/L), Tro(50 μmol/L) +Rev(15 μmol/L), Tro(50 μmol/L) +Rev(7.5 μmol/L) and Tro (50 μmol/L)+Rev(3.75 μmol/L) groups.MTT assay was performed to detect the viability of Rev-treated, Tro-treated and Rev with 50 μmol/L Tro-treated HepaRG cells.After 48 hours, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid oxidation ( malondialdehyde , MDA ) , degree of apoptosis , total antioxidant capacity , activity of hydrogenperoxidase (catalase, CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) and superoxide dismutase(SOD)of these groups were identified. Results Tro could obviously cause HepaRG cells to produce oxidative stress .Compared with control group ,ROS and lipid peroxidation ( MDA) levels and the rate of apoptosis and necrosis in Tro-treated group were significantly increased ( P<0.05),total antioxidant capacity greatly reduced (P<0.05),and the activity of CAT,GSH-px and SOD was decreased (P<0.05).After adding various concentrations of Rev interaction , ROS and MDA production volume decreased (P < 0.05), and the apoptosis and necrosis rate correspondingly declined (P<0.05).Total antioxidant capacity of the cells and the activity of the three antioxidant enzymes were increased (P<0.05), and there was a dose-dependent relationship. Conclusion Tro can cause HepaRG cells to produce significant oxidative stress while Rev can significantly improve the oxidative damage of Tro to HepaRG cells .

Objective To verify the effectiveness and safety of domestic neurosurgery medical robot Remebot for the biopsy of intracranial lesions.Methods Thirteen patients with intracranial lesions having comparatively difficulty in diagnosis in our hospital from January 2016 to May 2016 were randomly selected to robot operation group (n=6) and frame stereotactic group (n=7).In the robot operation group,four marks were pasted to the patient's head for the stereotaxy without frame,while in the frame stereotactic group,the frame should be fixed to the patient's head for the operation.The targets were set at the central of the lesions and the biopsies were performed through targets to the whole lesions.The specimens were sent for pathologic examinations with immunohistochemical staining.Results The confirmed diagnostic rate of robot operation group was 6/6:glioblastoma multiforme in 3,oligodendroglioma in one,non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in one and focal cortical dysplasia in one;the confirmed diagnostic rate of the frame stereotactic group was 6/7:glioblastoma multiforme in 2,grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ astrocytoma in 2,follicular thyroid carcinoma in one and cerebellum ganglion glioma in one,and the one without confirmed diagnosis was intracranial multiple cystic lesion.The positional accuracy in the robot operation group was 1.48±0.62 (accuracy error:0.66-2.47 mm) and that in the frame stereotactic group was 1.06±0.49 (accuracy error:0.50 mm-l.90 mm).Conclusions The domestic neurosuregery medical robot Remebot is characteristic by minimal invasive and high positional accuracy.It is quite suitable for frameless stereotactic intracranial lesion biopsy.The surgical planning could be made according to the shape of lesions and the positional accuracy is reached to the requirement of biopsy.Since the procedure of operation could be performed without fixing the frame on patients' head,the pain and fear of patients are reduced in a great deal and the operation is quite easy to be performed.Thus,it's more suitable for the biopsy ofintracranial lesions.

Mitochondrial diseases are maternally inherited heterogeneous disorders that are primarily caused by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. Depending on the ratio of mutant to wild-type mtDNA, known as heteroplasmy, mitochondrial defects can result in a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Mitochondria-targeted endonucleases provide an alternative avenue for treating mitochondrial disorders via targeted destruction of the mutant mtDNA and induction of heteroplasmic shifting. Here, we generated mitochondrial disease patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (MiPSCs) that harbored a high proportion of m.3243A>G mtDNA mutations and caused mitochondrial encephalomyopathy and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). We engineered mitochondrial-targeted transcription activator-like effector nucleases (mitoTALENs) and successfully eliminated the m.3243A>G mutation in MiPSCs. Off-target mutagenesis was not detected in the targeted MiPSC clones. Utilizing a dual fluorescence iPSC reporter cell line expressing a 3243G mutant mtDNA sequence in the nuclear genome, mitoTALENs displayed a significantly limited ability to target the nuclear genome compared with nuclear-localized TALENs. Moreover, genetically rescued MiPSCs displayed normal mitochondrial respiration and energy production. Moreover, neuronal progenitor cells differentiated from the rescued MiPSCs also demonstrated normal metabolic profiles. Furthermore, we successfully achieved reduction in the human m.3243A>G mtDNA mutation in porcine oocytes via injection of mitoTALEN mRNA. Our study shows the great potential for using mitoTALENs for specific targeting of mutant mtDNA both in iPSCs and mammalian oocytes, which not only provides a new avenue for studying mitochondrial biology and disease but also suggests a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of mitochondrial disease, as well as the prevention of germline transmission of mutant mtDNA.
Animals ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; MELAS Syndrome ; genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Mitochondria ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mutation ; genetics