Objective To study the valuable index for the diagnosis of cervical minimal deviation adenocarcinoma(MDA).Methods Immunohistochemical EnVisionTM two-step method was used to evaluate the expression of CEA,Ki-67,p16,MUC6,MUC5AC,ER,PR,α-SMA in 9 samples of MDA.12 normal cervical gland tissues and 21 other types of cervical adenocarcinomas were as controls. Results The expression of CEA,MUC6,α-SMA protein in MDA(positive ratio orderly 66.67%,77.78%,88.89%)was higher than that of normal cervical gland(0,8.33%).The average Ki-67 labeling index in MDA(21.03±5.46)was also higher than that of the normal group(0.12±0.08).But as to the expression of ER and PR,the former was lower than the latter.All the differences had statistical significance (P<0.05).The expression of p16,MUC5AC had no statistical significance between the two groups(P＞0.1).The ratio of positive expression of MUC6 protein in MDA(77.78%)was higher than that of the other types of adenocarcinomas(14.29%),with the expression of p16(11.11%)lower than the latter(71.43%).All the differences had statistical significance(P＜0.01).The expression of CEA,Ki-67,MUC5AC,ER,PR,α-SMA had no statistical significance between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Immunohistochemical positive detection of CEA,Ki-67,MUC6,α-SMA perhaps make for the diagnosis of cervical MDA.The absence of ER,PR of gland cells also support MDA.Overexpression of p16 may play an impo~ant role on the occurrence and the development of some usual adenocarcinoma of cervix,but perhaps not in MDA.

Objective To analyse the expression of p16INK4A, CyclinD1, Ki-67 proteins and HPV16/18, 31/33 in invasive squamous cell carcinoma of cervix(ISCC)and to indicate the significance of them in the occurrence and development of ISCC. Methods Using tissue microarray,in Situ Hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemical method detected the expression of HPVI6/18, 31/33 and investigated the expression of p16INK4A, CyclinD1, Ki-67 in ISCC, CIN and NCE. Results was analysed by SPSS vision 13.0. Results The positive expression rate of HPV16/18, CyelinD1, Ki-67 in ISCC was markedly higher than that in CIN and NCE. Significant relationship was observed between p16INK4A protein expression and histological grade of the cancer. No significant correlation was observed between CyclinD1 protein expression and every clinical pathological parameters of ISCC. Conclusion High-risk HPV takes an important role in the development in ISCC. p16INK4A gene might not act as a suppressor-gene only on the occurrence in ISCC. Ki-67 can be looked as a valuable clinic index of diagnosing benign and malignant tumor.

Objective To explore the potential mechanism of curcumin(CUR) enhancing the sensitivity of acute myeloid leu-kemistem cells(LSCs) CD34+CD38-KG1cellto daunorubicin (DNR) .MethodThe expression of surface moleculeCD34 , CD38 in KG1cellwadetected by the flow cytometry .The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) of curcumin to CD34+CD38-Kglcellwacalculated by the Mtmethod .MT,methylcellulose colony formation assay and flow cytometry were ap-plied to examine the effectof Dnon the proliferation ,clone forming ability and apoptosiin the two kindof cell(CD34+CD38-KG1celland CUR/CD34+CD38-KG1cells) respectively .The mRNA-expression of Bcl-2 ,Bax and XIAP in the two cellwere analyzed by RT-PC.Meanwhile ,the protein-expression of CyclinD1 ,Bcl-2 ,Bax and XIAP were detected by Western Blo.ResultThe percentage of CD34+CD38-KG1in KG1cell line wa(98 .2 ± 3 .2)% .The IC50 of curcumin treating CD34+CD38-KG1fo24 h wa100 μmol/L .The inhibition effecof high and middle concentration(0 .8 ,2 .0 μg/mL) of Dnon the proliferation of CUR/CD34+CD38-KG1cellwastrongethan thaof CD34+CD38-KG1cell(P＜0 .05) .The inhibitory role of Dnto the colony formation on CUR/CD34+CD38-KG1cellwamore effective than thaof CD34+ CD38-KG1cells(P＜0 .05) .The ap-optotirate of CUR/CD34+ CD38- KG1cellin each concentration group of Dnwahighethan thaof CD 34+ CD38- KG1cells(P＜0 .05) .The mRNA-expression of Bcl-2 and the protein-expression of Bcl-2 and CyclinD1 were down-regulated .Howeve, no significanchange waobserved aboth mRNA-expression and protein-expression of Bax and XIAP .Conclusion Cucan en-hance the sensitivity of CD34+CD38-KG1cellto DN,which mighbe associated with down-regulating the expression of Cy-clinD1and Bcl-2 .

Objective To explore the expression of survivin gene in gastric cancerous tissue and its relationship with gastric cancer prognosis. Methods All the samples were obtained from patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery in Zhongshan Hospital from July 1995 to June 1996.“ Envision two steps”of immunochemistry was used to detect survivin expression in the resected gastric cancerous tissue.TNM stages were determined by pathological diagnosis and clinical status.All the cases were followed up at least 5 year or until death.The discrepancy of survivin expression was compared in different pathological types and TNM stages.Survivial curves were compared in the two groups with or without survivin expression. Results Totally 96 cases(male/female:59/37;age:29-84 years old,mean age 56) were recruited and survivin expression rate was 70.8%(68/96).Among pathological types,78 cases were adenocarcinoma,18 were non-adenocarcinoma.Survivin expression was similar in different pathological types (69.7% in adenocarcinoma vs.60.0% in non-adenocarcinoma,P=0.369).Among adenocarcinoma,survivin expression rate was higher in poorly differentiated group than that in well differentiated one(82.1% vs. 62.5%,P=0.053).As the infiltration denoted in adenocarcinoma,the expression rates of survivin were 33.3% in cases limited to mucosa and submucosa,81.3% in cases limited to muscularis layer and 75.9% in cases infiltrated to whole layers (P= 0.020).Expression rate of survivin was not related with lymph node metastasis(68.1% vs.70.8%,P= 0.771).Five-year survival rate in 68 survivin positive cases was 42.93%,lower than 52.93% of 28 survivin negative cases,but no statistical difference was observed. Conclusions Survivin is highly expressed in gastric cancer.Survivin expression is closely related with differentiation status of adenocarcinoma and degree of infiltration.Further studies are needed to evaluate its role in the prognosis of gastric cancer.

Clinical medicine professional degree education focuses on cultivating students' ability to engage in clinical practice, but the aim of medical postgraduate education program is to cultivate high-leveled clinical and research personnel. In the light of the problems that professional degree postgraduates majoring in obstetrics and gynecology are faced with such as unreasonable energy distribution in scientific research, the weak foundation of scientific research, the emergence of new trend of obstetrical and gynecological dis-eases, we have explored how to improve obstetrics and gynecology professional students' scientific research ability from several aspects such as the guidance of mentors, transferring learning and thinking and strength-ening the communication between various disciplines, to adapt to the requirements of the scientific develop-ment of modern obstetrics and gynecology.

0.05). The positive rate was 81.0 %(17/21) in those with lymph node metastasis vs 48.6 %(17/35) in those without lymph node metastasis. The 3 year survival rate with p53 protein expression was significantly lower than those without p53 protein expression. [46.4 %(13/28) and 73.9 %(17/23) respectively]. The LOH rate of p53 gene in ESCC was 80.5 %(33/41), which had no obvious correlation with Age,Sex, Family history and lymph node metastasis, but had obvious correlation with the 3 year survival rate(P

Objective To investigate the relationship between COX-2 and Ki-67 proliferation index, bax, microvascular density(MVD)and CD44v6 respectively. Methods The expression of COX-2,Ki-67, bax, MVD (labelled by CD34) and CD44v6 were examined by immunohistochemistry PV method and tissue chip method in 101 cases of cervical carcinomas epithelium. Results The expression of COX-2 in cervical carcinomas has positive correlation with Ki-67, MVD and CD44v6, but has no correlation with bax. Conclusion The probable mechanisms are related with neovascularization, cell proliferation and cell adherence, but not related with the expression of bax.

Objective To investigate the regulation of gene variation and explore the tumor associated suppressor genes on chromosome 9 during the developing of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Methods Microdissection, PCR, electrophoresis and radiograph were selected to detect the LOH in 46 cases cervical squamous cell carcinoma with high-grade squamous dysplasia and normal tissue. The changes of LOH at chromosome 9 total seven microsatellite markers and relationship between LOH rate and clinical parameters were analysed. Results Total frequency of LOH in CIN (Ⅱ,Ⅲ) was 16 % and in cervical squamous cell carcinoma was 25 %. In the former, LOH at marker D9S171(30 %), D9S162(23 %), D9S43(20 %), D9S303(17 %), D9S753(12 %), D9S242(11 %) were found, whereas D9S1748 LOH was not detected in high-grade dysplasia. In the latter, LOH at marker D9S171(41 %), D9S43(33 %), D9S162(31 %), D9S242(24 %), D9S303(17 %), D9S753(17 %), D9S1748 13 % were found. In addition, LOH was found in high-grade dysplasia in three cases but not in cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusions The study in seven microsatellite markers showed that from normal squamous tissue to dysplasia to cervical squamous cell carcinoma were accompanied with accumulation of gene errors. The p15 gene inactivation had a high relationship with the occur of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Tumor suppressor genes associated with cervical squamous cell carcinoma may exist near or at D9S43, D9S162, D9S242. Some cases showed that high-grade dysplasia and cervical squamous cell carcinoma may came from different independent clone which provide some clue for multiple foci carcinoma at genetic level.

Objective To investigate the effects of cytokines on the expression of syndecan-1 in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and the signal transduction pathway. Methods Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the expression of syndecan-1 mRNA and protein in normal RPE cells. The expression of syndecan-1 in RPE cells stimulated by different cytokines was detected and quantitatively analyzed by image process of immunofluorescence. The stimulation included 7 and 35 ng/ml tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-? for 24 hours, 1 and 6 ?g/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 11 hours, 7 ng/ml TNF-? for 0 to 24 hours (once per 2 hours, and 13 times in total), and 30% supernatant of monocyte/macrophage strain (THP-1 cells) for 3, 14 and 43 hours. The effect of 30% supernatant of THP-1 cells was assayed after pretreated by PD098059 [the specific inhibitor of extracellular signal regulated kinase(ERK) 1/2] for 2 hours. After exposed to 30% supernatant of THP-1 cells for 3 hours and treated by 0.25% trypsin for 5 minutes, RPE cells attaching was evaluated by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Results In normal human RPE cells, expressions of syndecan-1 mRNA and protein were detected, and strong syndecan-1 positive yellowish green fluorescence was found in the cell membrane and cytoplasm while light green fluorescence was in the nucleus. As the concentration and stimulated time of TNF-? or LPS increased, the fluorescence intensity decreased(P

Objective To examine the expression of COX-2, PCNA, CD44v6 protein in different procancerous lesion and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue, and to investigate the relationship between their expression and the biological level,lymph node metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue. Methods Immunohistochemistry was demonstrated to show these tumor markers expression in different procancerous lesions and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue. Results Stepwise over-expression of COX-2, CD44v6, PCNA protein were observed in the multi-step process of esophageal tissue. Significant difference in expression of these tumor markers(P ＜0.05) was observed between normal esophageal epithelia and dysplasia. The expression of COX-2 (P ＜0.05) had statistical different in biological level and lymph node metastasis.The expression of CD44v6 (P ＜0.05)had statistical different in lymph node metastasis. The relationship between COX-2 and CD44v6 was statistical significant in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue(P ＜0.01). Conclusion Stepwise over-expression of COX-2,CD44v6 PCNA protein have relation with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The overexpression of COX-2 and CD44v6 have effect on prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The expression of COX-2 have relationship with that of CD44v6 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.