Contents of magnolol and honokiol in Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils. and its processed products,yellow-fried, burn -fried and ginger-fried M. officinalis Rehd. et Wils. as well as commercially available M.officinalis Rehd. et Wils. and its processed products were assayed by TLC Scanning. Results showed that contents of the two constituents decreased after M. officinalis Rehd. et Wils. was processed. Among them the burn-fried product showed a most pronounce decrease of 30%, while both yellow-fried and ginger-fried products decreased about 20%. The contents of magnolol and honokiol in commercial M. officinalis Rehd. et Wils. and its ginger-fried product available in other provinces and cities differed greatly with some almost contain no magnolol and honokiol.

Besides 36 (28 single-tablets and 8 fixed-dose combinations) used antiretroviral drugs clinically, there are a number of investigational antiretroviral agents currently in phase 2-3 clinical trial. Tenofoviralafenamidefumarate (TAF) is a novel nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor that is potent and less toxicity than tenofovir (TDF). Doravirine is a non-nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor that demonstrates activity against NNRTI-resistant viral strains. GSK744 is an integrase inhibitor with a long acting preparation. In addition, several drugs with new mechanisms are also noted, for example, BMS-663 068 is a small molecule CD4 attachment inhibitors and cenicriviroc is a novel CCR5/CCR2 antagonist with antiretroviral activity and anti-inflammatory effects. Several drug classes that target known pathways in HIV latency have being developed, and leading the list are histone deacetylase inhibitors. Other agents include protein kinase C activators, positive transcription elongation factor activators, DNA methyl-transferase inhibitors and histone methyl-transferase inhibitors and so on. This review is focused on the above-mentioned drug candidates that may be used in clinical in next couple of years and those compounds that can reverse latent HIV infections.
Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Anti-HIV Agents ; therapeutic use ; HIV Infections ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Organophosphates ; therapeutic use ; Organophosphonates ; therapeutic use ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Pyridones ; therapeutic use ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Tenofovir

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Septum ; pathology ; Nose Neoplasms

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors in patients with sepsis and to provide the theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 141 septic patients were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups:those who were alive at time of ICU discharge ( survivors;n=83 ) and those who died or to give up before terminal stage ( nonsurvivors;n=58 ) . Then the clinical data were statistically ana-lyzed. Results In the death group: age, APACHE II score, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, C-reactive protein were significantly higher than the survival group (P<0. 01) while albumin, pre albumin were lower than that in the survival group (P<0.01). The Logistic regression analysis illustrated: age ( > 60 years), APACHEIIscore ( >20 score) and blood urea nitrogen ( > 9 mmol/L) , serum creatinine ( > 176 μmol/L) , C-reactive protein level were independent predictors of death in patients with sepsis ( P<0 . 05 ) . Then drew the receiver oper-ating characteristic curve ( ROC curve) and analyzed the respective risk factor for predicting prognosis value of sep-sis with the help of ROC curve. Conclusion Age, high APACHE II score in early sepsis, increased urea nitro-gen, elevated serum creatinine and increased C-reactive protein levels were regarded as prognostic value indicators for adverse clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of creatinine phosphate sodium combined with Xinjikang Granules in treating children with viral myocarditis ,and provide reference for clinical treatment .Methods 160 children patients with viral myo‐carditis from January 2011 to January 2015 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group ac‐cording to the digital table method ,80 cases in each group .The control group used the symptomatic treatment of fructose diphos‐phate (FDP) ,vitamin C ,coenzyme Q10 and ribavirin ,while the observation group used creatine phosphate sodium and Xinjikang Granules on the basis of control group .The clinical effects ,ECG improvement ,cardiac enzymes and troponin I levels were compared between the two groups .Results The effective rate in the observation group was 87 .50% ,which was significantly higher than 70 .00% in the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =7 .320 ,P=0 .004);the effective rate of ECG improve‐ment in the observation group was 90 .00% ,which was significantly higher than 75 .00% in the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 6 .234 ,P=0 .005);the levels of AST ,CPK ,LDH ,CK‐MB ,HBDH and cTnI after treatment in the two groups were significantly improved compared with before treatment ,the differences were statistically significant (P< 0 .05) ,the levels of AST ,CPK ,LDH ,CK‐MB ,HBDH ,and cTnI after treatment in the observation group were (29 .98 ± 4 .66)U/L ,(184 .41 ± 5 .97)U/L ,(314 .25 ± 9 .84)U/L ,(22 .29 ± 2 .98)U/L ,(268 .37 ± 8 .64)U/L and (0 .13 ± 0 .04)μg/L respectively ,which showed the statistical differences compared with the control group ,[(33 .49 ± 4 .98)U/L、(196 .49 ± 6 .71)U/L、(328 .64 ± 11 .14)U/L、(26 .53 ± 3 .44)U/L、(298 .68 ± 10 .64)U/L、(0 .25 ± 0 .05)μg/L ,P<0 .05] .Conclusion Creatinine phosphate sodium in treating children with viral myocarditis has significant clinical effect ,and is worthy of clinical promotion and application .

Objective To develop a new instrument, the resilience scale for military personnel, and examine its reliability and validity. Methods The resilience scale for military personnel was compiled according to open-ended inventory survey . The sample consisted of 860 soldiers, 50 of them were re-tested with the new scale, another 80 tested by Chinese Military Mental Health Scale (CMMHS) at the same time. Factor analysis and Pearson's correlations were used to examine the reliability and validity of the resilience scale for military personnel. Results Based on factor analysis result, 5 factors were extracted, and added 1 lie factor, there were 32 items in theformal scale. The the Cronbach'α of total scale was 0.925, and subscales 0.597～0.810(P<0.01) , split-half reliability was 0.895 of total scale, and 0.384～0.739 of subscales (P < 0.01) ; retest reliability was 0.447 of total scale, and 0.494～0.658 of subscales(P<0.01 or P<0.05). The correlation was significant between the factors of this scale and factors of CMMHS. Conclusion The resilience scale for military personnel has good reliability and validity. The resilience scale has good psychological quality and proves to be applicable to Chinese military personnel in evaluating their resilience.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of antihypertensive drug NO.1 on brain cortical tissue in spontaneously hypertensive rats.Methods A total of 60 spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR,30 males and 30 females) and 12 healthy Wistar rats (6 males and 6 females) weighed (200 20) g,were randomly divided into 6 groups.Model group (SHR,n=12) and control group (healthy Wistar rats,n=12) were given the same dose of placebo.Captopril group (SHR,n=12) were given captopril 5 mg · kg-1 · d-1.The low-,median-and high-dose groups of antihypertensive drug NO.1 were given 0.25,0.5 and 1 g · kg 1 · d-1 respectively.After 4 weeks of treatment,carotid artery blood pressure was detected.All rats were sacrificed,and brain tissue samples were taken.The expressions of Bcl-2,Bax,necrosis factor NF-κB P65,chloride channel 2 and 3 (CLC-2 and CLC-3) were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting.Results After 4 weeks of antihypertensive NO.1 treatment,SHR carotid artery blood pressure was (182.8 ± 7.3)mmHg in low dose group,(170.3±9.4) mmHg in medium dose group,and (163.9±10.6) mmHg in high dose group; and (205.4 ± 11.3)mmHg in the model group.Antihypertensive drug NO.1 significantly reduced blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats,and had a concentrationresponse relationship (P＜0.05).Antihypertensive drug NO.1 decreased the expressions of Bax,CLC-2 and CLC-3,and increased the expressions of Bcl-2 and NF-κB P65.Conclusions Antihypertensive drug NO.1 plays a protective role in hypertension-induced cell injury by changing the metabolic enhancement in hypertension-induced cell volume decrease.

Objective:This study aims to evaluate the effect of an elevated preoperative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on outcome after comprehensive staging laparotomy or optimal tumor debulking surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and determine the value of the NLR as an independent prognostic prediction marker. Methods:A total of 80 women with primary EOC and with complete clinical and pathological information documented at the time of surgery were selected for this study. The optimum cut-off value of the preoperative NLR was identified through receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve, and the patients were then classified into two groups: low and high NLR group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the prognostic effect of the preoperative NLR patients who underwent comprehensive staging laparotomy or optimal tumor debulking surgery. The levels of expression of CD68 were measured through immunohistochemistry. Results:The optimal cut-off value of the NLR was 3.8. The preoperative NLR differed significantly in the FIGO stage between the low NLR group (NLR ≤3.8) and the high NLR group (NLR>3.8), but no discrimination was observed in other parameters. The mean follow-up time was 45 months, and the post-operative 1-and 3-year survival rates were 93.7%and 60.0%, respectively. The preoperative NLR>3.8 and stageⅢ/Ⅳwere all risk factors for poor overall and disease-free survival. Multivariate analysis revealed the patients with high NLR (P<0.05) and stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ (P<0.05) had prognostic significance for poor overall survival. The number of CD68-positive tumor-associated macrophages was significantly higher in the high NLR group than in the low NLR group (54.65 ± 8.78 and 41.78 ± 9.10, respectively; P<0.001). Conclusion: An elevated blood preoperative NLR indicates poor prognosis in patients with EOC. Preoperative NLR may function as an important independent prognostic factor for patients with EOC.

Objective To develop a mental resilience scale for military personnel and examine the reliability and validity of this scale.MethodsA total of 2611 male officers and soldiers chosen by random cluster sampling to outline the mental resilience scale for military personnel,with the subjects divided into group A and group B.In group A (n=1112) exploratory factor analysis and correlation analysis were used,and in group B (n=1499) confirmatory factor analysis was used.ResultsThe results of exploratory factor analysis and correlation analysis indicated that the Cronbach'? coefficient of total scale was 0.833,and that of subscales was 0.535-0.880;split-half reliability coefficient of total scale was 0.787,and that of subscales 0.339-0.611;retest-reliability coefficient of total scale was 0.401,and that of subscales 0.302-0.668.The correlation coefficients of total scale scores and each factor were 0.445-0.786 (P

Renal fibrosis is the final common pathway for all kinds of chronic kidney diseases to end-stage renal diseases. Angiotensin Ⅱ plays an important role in the process of renal fibrosis. How to block angiotensin Ⅱ has been a focus of nephrology. This article reviewed the progress in traditional Chinese medicine against renal fibrosis with angiotensin Ⅱ as research target.