Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Male ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; complications

Objective: To prepare polyclonal antibody of transactivated protein 5 of hepatitis C virus nonstructural 5A (NA5ATP5) and to explore its expression in the liver tissues. Methods: In Escherichia coli BL21, the prokaryotic expression vector pET32a(+)-NS5ATP5 was induced by isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG), and it was analyzed with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blotting. And the purified protein was used to immunize the rabbit to prepare polyclonal antibody, with which we studied the function of NS5ATP5 by determining the different liver tissues with the streptavidin-perosidase (SP) immunohistochemistry method. Results: Recombinant NS5ATP5 (molecular weight, 65 kD) and polyclonal antibody were successfully prepared. NS5ATP5 expression in the liver of patients with chronic HCV infection was much higher than that of a normal person, and it was detected mainly in the cytoplasm. Conclusion: The findings of the expression difference between HCV patients and normal people led to a novel diagnostic marker to detect HCV infection.

Objective: To prepare polyclonal antibody of transactivated protein 5 of hepatitis C virus nonstructural 5A (NA5ATP5) and to explore its expression in the liver tissues. Methods: In Escherichia coli BL21, the prokaryotic expression vector pET32a(+)-NS5ATP5 was induced by isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG), and it was analyzed with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blotting. And the purified protein was used to immunize the rabbit to prepare polyclonal antibody, with which we studied the function of NS5ATP5 by determining the different liver tissues with the streptavidin-perosidase (SP) immunohistochemistry method. Results: Recombinant NS5ATP5 (molecular weight, 65 kD) and polyclonal antibody were successfully prepared. NS5ATP5 expression in the liver of patients with chronic HCV infection was much higher than that of a normal person, and it was detected mainly in the cytoplasm. Conclusion: The findings of the expression difference between HCV patients and normal people led to a novel diagnostic marker to detect HCV infection.

Spermatogenesis is a complex developmental process in which a diploid progenitor germ cell transforms into highly specialized spermatozoa. During spermatogenesis, membrane remodeling takes place, and cell membrane permeability and liquidity undergo phase-specific changes, which are all associated with the alteration of membrane lipids. Lipids are important components of the germ cell membrane, whose volume and ratio fluctuate in different phases of spermatogenesis. Abnormal lipid metabolism can cause spermatogenic dysfunction and consequently male infertility. Germ cell membrane lipids are mainly composed of cholesterol, phospholipids and glycolipids, which play critical roles in cell adhesion and signal transduction during spermatogenesis. An insight into the correlation of membrane lipids with spermatogenesis helps us to better understand the mechanisms of spermatogenesis and provide new approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.
Cell Adhesion ; Cell Membrane ; chemistry ; Cholesterol ; chemistry ; Glycolipids ; chemistry ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; Male ; Membrane Lipids ; chemistry ; Phospholipids ; chemistry ; Signal Transduction ; Spermatogenesis ; Spermatozoa ; cytology

Sulfogalactosylglycerolipid (SGG) is the main glycolipid in male mammalian germ cells, which is selectively and highly expressed in mammalian testes and helps form the lipid bilayer of cell membrane. In the process of spermatogenesis, SGG is involved in the meiosis of spermiocytes. Either deficiency or accumulation of SGG will lead to male infertility. SGG homeostasis in the testis is the premise of normal spermatogenesis. In the process of sperm-zona binding, SGG becomes a component of lipid raft and provides a platform for signal transduction. The SGG binding protein plays a role in sperm-egg recognition and membrane fusion. SGG has a great research value and application prospect in male reproduction.
Animals ; Cell Membrane ; Galactolipids ; physiology ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; etiology ; Lipid Bilayers ; metabolism ; Male ; Signal Transduction ; Sperm-Ovum Interactions ; physiology ; Spermatogenesis ; physiology ; Spermatozoa ; metabolism ; Testis ; physiology

Computer-Assisted Instruction ; Education, Medical ; Internet ; Language ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

In this paper, a systematical and retrospective review was made on how the drug purchasing system of Chinese healthcare institutions has evolved from decentralized purchasing to centralized purchasing based on four stages as budding stage, initial stage, adjustment stage and deepening stage. In each stage, the working characteris-tics, achievements and problems have been analyzed. Targeting at the problems and challenges confronted with cur-rent drug purchasing, recommendations was made to reform and improve public hospitals’ centralized purchasing sys-tem, such as persisting centralized purchasing online at provincial level, sticking to “four favorable” principles, breaking through the mechanism of compensating medical cost with drug-selling profits, promoting coordinated inter-action reforms in healthcare insurances, distribution and pricing, strengthening comprehensive services and supervi-sion, etc.

BACKGROUND:The strength of al-ceramic crowns is affected by many factors. At present there are many studies concerning the neck edge shape, cutting thickness, binder and convergence angle, but little has been reported on the effects of different occlusions on al-ceramic crowns. OBJECTIVE:To explore the maxilary central incisor al-ceramic crowns in different occlusal states by finite element analysis. METHODS: Three-dimensional finite element models of the maxilary central incisor al-ceramic crowns were established. Empress II and In-Ceram Zirconia were selected. The normal overbite position and deep overbite position were applied to force a load of 230 N, with the long axis of the tooth at a 45° angle. Distribution of inner stress and edge stress was analyzed at different occlusal states. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The stress distribution of al-ceramic crowns under different occlusion relationship was different. The stress peaks of cementum, alveolar bone and periodontium in the deep overbite were lower than those in the normal overbite. The stress peaks of al-ceramic crowns and binder were higher than in the deep overbite than the normal overbite. The stress peak of the dentin in the Empress II group was higher in the deep overbite than in the normal overbite. The stress peak of the dentin in the In-Ceram Zirconia group was lower in the deep overbite than in the normal overbite. Different al-ceramic crowns had no influence on the stress distribution, but in the deep overbite, the stress was mainly concentrated in the occlusal contact area, and in the normal overbite, the stress was mainly concentrated in the occlusal contact area and at the labial cervical margin. (2) The stress distribution of different al-ceramic crowns under the same occlusal state was different. In the normal overbite, different al-ceramic crowns had no evident influence on the stress peak, and in the deep overbite, there was a certain effect of different al-ceramic crowns on the stress peak, but there was no significant difference. The stress peaks of blinder and dentin were obviously affected by al-ceramic crowns. The stress peaks of blinder and dentin in Empress II group were higher than those in the In-Ceram Zirconia group.

Based on the development trend of the three -in-one system of “medical treatment, teaching and scientific re-search”, the main university affiliated hospitals at home and abroad need to ensure the sustaining development of hospital scientific re-search and improve the core competitiveness of hospital by improving the scientific research management , such as focusing more atten-tion on the scientific research policy , improving the quality of management staff , constructing the diversification mechanism , integra-ting resources, constructing information platform, managing the funds and archives, and strengthening the whole process supervision.

Animals ; Electrocardiography ; Heart ; physiology ; physiopathology ; Heart Rate ; physiology ; Humans ; Noise ; adverse effects ; Rats