1.Indirect Determination of Ascorbic Acid by Square Wave Polarogra phy
Rudong SUN ; Jinlong YAN ; Qizhong KONG
Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2001;29(6):707-709
An indirect square polarographic method was established f or the determination of ascorbic acid in pharmaceuticals using the oxidation-re duction action between Cu2+ and ascorbic acid. There was a reduction wav e of Cu2+ at about -0.24 V in buffer solution of NH3-NH4 Cl. The quantities of ascorbic acid is determination according to the decrement of peak heights when ascorbic acid was added. The linear range for ascrobic acid was 2.0×10-6~3.0×10-4 mol/L. Ascorbic acid in Vitami n C tablets was determined, the relative standard deviation is 2.9%.
2.Efficacy and complications of intravesical instillation of BCG for prevention of recurrence of moderate and high-risk non muscle invasive bladder cancer
Weibing SUN ; Zhiyu LIU ; Quanlin LI ; Xishuang SONG ; Xiangbo KONG ; Chunxi WANG ; Qifu ZHANG ; Qingguo ZHU ; Changfu LI ; Wanhai XU ; Guanghai YU ; Cheng ZHANG ; Jinyi YANG ; Tianjia SONG ; Jiye ZHAO ; Qizhong FU ; Lixin WANG ; Quanzhong DING ; Xuehui CAI ; Chuize KONG
Chinese Journal of Urology 2019;40(1):14-19
Objective To assess the efficacy and side effects of intravesical instillation of BCG after transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients.Methods The clinical data of patients treated with BCG 120 mg per course induced perfusion or more after TURBT from December 2013 to October 2016 in 18 hospitals of northeast China region,were analyzed retrospectively.The first part,data of 106 patients with moderate,high-risk NMIBC were collected.A total of 83 patients were male,while the other 23 patients were female.The average age was 66.7 years old.The clinical staging were T1 in 86(81.1%) cases,Ta in 20(18.9%) cases and carcinoma in situ in 6 (5.7%) patients.Intravesical instillation of BCG was executed after transurethral resection of the bladder tumor.The incidence rate of recurrence and progression during more than 6 months' follow-up time were observed.Multivariate analyses were done by using logistic analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression model with Kaplan-Meier method.The second part,treatment compliance of 276 patients with bladder cancer,including moderate/high-risk NMIBC in 263 cases,moderate/high-risk NMIBC followed with renal pelvis/ureteral carcinoma in 8 cases were and moderate/high-risk NMIBC with renal pelvis/ureteral carcinoma in 5 cases who treated with BCG after the surgeries,were observed.Patients consisted of 211 males and 65 females with average age of 68.3 years.Results With a median follow-up of 12 months,9 (8.5%) patients experienced tumor recurrence and 2 (1.9%) patients were found progression in the first part.The one-year cancer free recurrence rate of the patients was 91.5%.Statistically significant prognostic factors for recurrence identified by multivariable analyses were prior recurrence of the tumors (OR =3.214,95%CI0.804-12.845,P =0.099).In the second port,an incidence rate of adverse effects was 64.1% (177/276).The Ⅲ/Ⅳ degree complications were occurred in 11 patients and satisfactory outcomes achieved with active treatment.A total of 36 patients withdrawal with the major causes were recurrence and progression of bladder tumor in 12 cases (4.4 %),9 cases (3.3 %) with economic reasons and 11 cases (4.0%) with serious complications.Conclusions NMIBC patients treated with intravesical BCG therapy have approving cancer free recurrence rates and acceptable adverse effects.Prior recurrence may be prognostic factor of recurrence after intravesical BCG therapy.