BACKGROUND: Most of studies focus on the biomechanical characteristics of thoracic spine neoplasm, but there is little report on the fracture risk in the patients with vertebral hemangioma through finite element analysis.OBJECTIVE: To establish a finite element model of vertebral hemangioma, and to analyze its biomechanical characteristics, and assess the risk of vertebral fracture.METHODS: Three-dimensional finite element models of T12-L2 vertebrae from normal individuals, the patients with vertebral hemangioma (hemangioma accounting for 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% of the vertebral cancellous bone) and bone cement filling were established, respectively, and then the mechanical characteristics were analyzed. The stress distribution and characters of each model were determined under a vertical static pressure of 600 N.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Three-dimensional finite element models of T12-L2 vertebrae were established successfully. Under static pressure, the stress distribution of L1 cortical bone showed no significant difference among models, and the maximum stress all occurred at the base of pedicle, zygapophysial joint and isthmus. (2) The stress distribution did not differ significantly between vertebral hemangioma accounting for 20%-40% of vertebral cancellous bone with complete cortical bone and normal ones, but which differed significantly in hemangioma accounting for 60%-80%. (3) To conclude, the established thoracolumbar three-dimensional model is available. Additionally,biomechanical tests manifest that the completeness of cortical bone and destruction ratio of cancellous bone destruction are key factors for the fracture risk of vertebral hemangioma.

Objective:To investigate the effects of mucosal strengthening treatment on preventing recurrence of closedvarices. Methods: In 264 patients with esophageal varices obliteration by banding ligation and sclerotherapy, of 136 patientswere gone on to treat with strengthening mucosa, and 128 patients without strengthening treatment. All patients had beenobserved out of hospital for 1-13 years. Results: There were no recurrence and rebleeding of esophageal varices in the groupwith strengthening treament. But in the group without strengthening treatment, 25 patients (19. 5%) had isolated or strip-like varices with red colour signI small veins grew thick and part of mucosa appeared clear hyperaemia in 21 patients(16.4% ); 6 patients (4.7% ) rebleeded. There were significant differences between two groups (P

Objective To explore the nursing measures in blue laser endoscopy. Methods Endoscopy was performed in 102 patients. The nursing was done including preoperative preparation, nurse's coordination for different mode of endoscpy, postoperative nursing and so on. Result The endoscopy for the 102 patients was successfully done,the time ranging between 10~25 min,averaged 13.85 min.No complications were found. Conclusion The nursing measures including careful preoperative preparation,intraoperative cooperation and postoperative nursing are key to the successful detection and diagnosis of diseases by blue laser endoscopy.

Objective    To evaluate the degree of psychological pain for cancer patients undergoing surgical treatment and analyze the contributory factors to provide the theoretical basis for psychological intervention for cancer patients with surgical treatment. Methods    The clinical data of 455 cancer patients who received surgeries in our hospital from November 2020 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including 225 males and 230 females aged 53.80±13.50 years. By applying the method of convenient sampling, a cross-sectional survey was carried out by gathering the general information of the patients and evaluating their mental condition with the distress thermometer. The contributory factors were discussed by logistic regression analysis. Results    The score for the psychological pain of the patients was 4.11±2.49 points. The main factors contributing to the psychological pain were physical problems, emotional problems and family matters. The logistic regression analysis showed that the main factors related to the degree of psychological pain were cancer types (P=0.023), religious belief (P=0.046), number of niduses (P=0.016), respiratory status (P=0.004), medical expense (P=0.007), grief (P=0.001) and anxiety (P=0.040). Conclusion    Nearly half of the patients have been subjected to apparent psychological pain, and emotion and physical problems are the main factors. It is crucial to pay attention to the patients’ mental problems, seek convenient tools for psychological evaluation, and take actions to deal with the psychological problems and physical symptoms.

Background Essential and non-essential elements have an important impact on the development of the central nervous system during fetal development. Due to their less developed brain, preterm infants are more sensitive to element exposure, and are high-risk groups of neurodevelopmental abnormalities. However, it is not clear whether the effects of element exposure in utero on postpartum neurodevelopment are different between full-term infants and preterm infants. Objective To evaluate the effects of element exposure levels during pregnancy on neurodevelopment of children aged 6-24 months (of corrected age), and compare the effects between preterm and full-term children. Methods A prospective study design was adopted and this study was conducted based on the Maoming Birth Cohort Study (MBCS) in Maoming City, Guangdong Province. Twenty elements in cord blood of 197 preterm infants and 297 full-term infants were measured, including 11 essential trace elements [vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), strontium (Sr), tin (Sn), and iron (Fe)], and 9 non-essential trace elements [aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), thallium (Tl), lead (Pb), uranium (U), cerium (Ce), antimony (Sb), cadmium (Cd), and yttrium (Y)]. The neurodevelopment of the children at 6, 12, and 24 months were evaluated by the Ages and Stages Questionnaires-the Third Edition (ASQ-3). A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was adopted to evaluate the associations between elements and neurodevelopment in full-term and preterm children separately. Results The positive rates of 10 elements (Mn, Cu, Zn, Se, Sr, Fe, Sb, Tl, Pb, and As) in cord blood were greater than 80%. Among the preterm birth children, the results of GEE analysis showed that after adjusting for the covariates, for each increase of interquartile range (IQR) in ln-transformed concentration, As was associated with problems/delay in the communication and problem-solving sub-scales, with the adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of 1.36 (1.03-1.80) and 1.55 (1.10-2.20), respectively; the adjusted OR (95%CI) of problems/delay in the fine motor and problem-solving sub-scales were 1.44 (1.00-2.07) and 1.76 (1.09-2.84) for Sb, respectively; the adjusted OR (95%CI) of problems/delay in the communication sub-scale was 1.37 (1.09-1.74) for Se. No statistically significant associations between umbilical cord blood element concentrations and neurodevelopment indicators were observed among full-term children. The results of stratified analysis by sex showed that the associations between umbilical cord blood element concentrations and neurodevelopment problems/delay were only significant among female preterm children. Conclusion Exposures to As, Se, and Sb during pregnancy may increase the risk of neurodevelopment problems/delay in preterm children aged 6-24 months, and female seem to be more vulnerable.